JasperReport C/S简单应用

iReport+jasperReport之JDBC数据源

iReport画出来的报表可以满足我们大部分的需要，所以采用iReport 编辑jrxml文件是我们的首选啦！当然掌握jrxml文件的结构也是必须的。
        采用JDBC数据源必须有数据库支持啊！我们新建一个test表，其中有pid、name、sex、password、department、age字段，为了方便期间我们定义这些字段全部为String类型。
        在iReport中新建一报表，报表有title、pageHeader、columnHeader、detail、columnFooter、pageFooter、lastPageFooter、summary等部分，被成为Report section

title：顾名思义是指报表的标题哦，它会显示在报表的最上面，如果有多页只会出现在第一页的最上面。pageHeader：每页的标题，如果有多页每页的开始都会显示此部分内容。
columnHeader：显示报表的列头不经常使用。
detail：这个就不用说了吧！
有header就会出现footer啦！lastPageFooter只会出现在最后一页。summay会出现在每一页数据上，主要是为了展示一些统计信息，比如当前的时间，页数信息啦！

新建一parameter

此参数可作为报表的标题使用，我们在程序中动态的传递给报表。
    document structure－－－》parameter里找到reportTitle参数拖至title区域，右击编辑reportTitle域的属性，在font选项里找到Markup设置为HTML，TextField选项里设置Text Field Expreesion为

" < font  color ='blue'  size ='5'>"+$P{reportTitle}+"</font>"

下来就是设置报表的Field字段了，不需要我们一个个的新建那些字段啦！
选择Data--->Report Query在Report Query选项里选择Query Language为SQL，写入SqL语句

select   *   from  test  order   by  pid  DESC

这时所有的field会出现在下面(SQL是正确的)
关闭对话框在document structure－－－》field中就会出现我们需要的field，之后拖到相应的位置，关于怎么美化报表这个本人也不是很懂哦！
如果需要显示一下当前的页数信息也可以自己托动Variables里的PAGE_NUMBER完成页数的显示。完整的jrxml文件如下：

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"   ?>
<!--  Created with iReport - A designer for JasperReports  -->
<! DOCTYPE jasperReport PUBLIC "//JasperReports//DTD Report Design//EN" "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/dtds/jasperreport.dtd" >
< jasperReport
          name ="Person"
         columnCount ="1"
         printOrder ="Vertical"
         orientation ="Portrait"
         pageWidth ="595"
         pageHeight ="842"
         columnWidth ="535"
         columnSpacing ="0"
         leftMargin ="30"
         rightMargin ="30"
         topMargin ="20"
         bottomMargin ="20"
         whenNoDataType ="NoPages"
         isTitleNewPage ="false"
         isSummaryNewPage ="false" >
     < property  name ="ireport.scriptlethandling"  value ="0"   />
     < property  name ="ireport.encoding"  value ="UTF-8"   />
     < import  value ="java.util.*"   />
     < import  value ="net.sf.jasperreports.engine.*"   />
     < import  value ="net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.*"   />

     < parameter  name ="reportTitle"  isForPrompting ="true"  class ="java.lang.String" />
     < queryString > <![CDATA[ select * from test order by pid DESC ]]> </ queryString >

     < field  name ="pid"  class ="java.lang.String" />
     < field  name ="name"  class ="java.lang.String" />
     < field  name ="sex"  class ="java.lang.String" />
     < field  name ="password"  class ="java.lang.String" />
     < field  name ="department"  class ="java.lang.String" />
     < field  name ="age"  class ="java.lang.String" />

         < background >
             < band  height ="6"   isSplitAllowed ="true"   >
             </ band >
         </ background >
         < title >
             < band  height ="29"   isSplitAllowed ="true"   >
                 < textField  isStretchWithOverflow ="false"  isBlankWhenNull ="false"  evaluationTime ="Now"  hyperlinkType ="None"   hyperlinkTarget ="Self"   >
                     < reportElement
                         x ="138"
                        y ="0"
                        width ="258"
                        height ="29"
                        key ="textField" />
                     < box ></ box >
                     < textElement  textAlignment ="Center"  verticalAlignment ="Middle"  markup ="html" >
                         < font  pdfFontName ="Helvetica-Bold"  isBold ="true" />
                     </ textElement >
                 < textFieldExpression    class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ "<font color='blue' size='5'>"+$P{reportTitle}+"</font>" ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
                 </ textField >
             </ band >
         </ title >
         < pageHeader >
             < band  height ="0"   isSplitAllowed ="true"   >
             </ band >
         </ pageHeader >
         < columnHeader >
             < band  height ="0"   isSplitAllowed ="true"   >
             </ band >
         </ columnHeader >
         < detail >
             < band  height ="22"   isSplitAllowed ="true"   >
                 < textField  isStretchWithOverflow ="false"  isBlankWhenNull ="false"  evaluationTime ="Now"  hyperlinkType ="None"   hyperlinkTarget ="Self"   >
                     < reportElement
                         x ="0"
                        y ="0"
                        width ="100"
                        height ="18"
                        key ="textField" />
                     < box ></ box >
                     < textElement  verticalAlignment ="Top" >
                         < font />
                     </ textElement >
                 < textFieldExpression    class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ $F{pid} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
                 </ textField >
                 < textField  isStretchWithOverflow ="false"  isBlankWhenNull ="false"  evaluationTime ="Now"  hyperlinkType ="None"   hyperlinkTarget ="Self"   >
                     < reportElement
                         x ="100"
                        y ="0"
                        width ="93"
                        height ="18"
                        key ="textField" />
                     < box ></ box >
                     < textElement  verticalAlignment ="Top" >
                         < font />
                     </ textElement >
                 < textFieldExpression    class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ $F{name} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
                 </ textField >
                 < textField  isStretchWithOverflow ="false"  isBlankWhenNull ="false"  evaluationTime ="Now"  hyperlinkType ="None"   hyperlinkTarget ="Self"   >
                     < reportElement
                         x ="193"
                        y ="0"
                        width ="58"
                        height ="18"
                        key ="textField" />
                     < box ></ box >
                     < textElement  verticalAlignment ="Top" >
                         < font />
                     </ textElement >
                 < textFieldExpression    class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ $F{sex} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
                 </ textField >
                 < textField  isStretchWithOverflow ="false"  isBlankWhenNull ="false"  evaluationTime ="Now"  hyperlinkType ="None"   hyperlinkTarget ="Self"   >
                     < reportElement
                         x ="251"
                        y ="0"
                        width ="100"
                        height ="18"
                        key ="textField" />
                     < box ></ box >
                     < textElement  verticalAlignment ="Top" >
                         < font />
                     </ textElement >
                 < textFieldExpression    class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ $F{password} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
                 </ textField >
                 < textField  isStretchWithOverflow ="false"  isBlankWhenNull ="false"  evaluationTime ="Now"  hyperlinkType ="None"   hyperlinkTarget ="Self"   >
                     < reportElement
                         x ="351"
                        y ="0"
                        width ="100"
                        height ="18"
                        key ="textField" />
                     < box ></ box >
                     < textElement  verticalAlignment ="Top" >
                         < font />
                     </ textElement >
                 < textFieldExpression    class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ $F{department} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
                 </ textField >
                 < textField  isStretchWithOverflow ="false"  pattern =""  isBlankWhenNull ="false"  evaluationTime ="Now"  hyperlinkType ="None"   hyperlinkTarget ="Self"   >
                     < reportElement
                         x ="451"
                        y ="0"
                        width ="84"
                        height ="18"
                        key ="textField" />
                     < box ></ box >
                     < textElement  verticalAlignment ="Top" >
                         < font />
                     </ textElement >
                 < textFieldExpression    class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ $F{age} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
                 </ textField >
                 < line  direction ="TopDown" >
                     < reportElement
                         x ="0"
                        y ="17"
                        width ="535"
                        height ="1"
                        key ="line-1" />
                     < graphicElement  stretchType ="NoStretch" />
                 </ line >
             </ band >
         </ detail >
         < columnFooter >
             < band  height ="0"   isSplitAllowed ="true"   >
             </ band >
         </ columnFooter >
         < pageFooter >
             < band  height ="24"   isSplitAllowed ="true"   >
                 < textField  isStretchWithOverflow ="false"  isBlankWhenNull ="false"  evaluationTime ="Now"  hyperlinkType ="None"   hyperlinkTarget ="Self"   >
                     < reportElement
                         x ="387"
                        y ="5"
                        width ="22"
                        height ="18"
                        key ="textField" />
                     < box ></ box >
                     < textElement  textAlignment ="Center"  verticalAlignment ="Middle" >
                         < font />
                     </ textElement >
                 < textFieldExpression    class ="java.lang.Integer" > <![CDATA[ $V{PAGE_NUMBER} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
                 </ textField >
                 < staticText >
                     < reportElement
                         x ="373"
                        y ="5"
                        width ="14"
                        height ="17"
                        key ="staticText-2" />
                     < box ></ box >
                     < textElement  textAlignment ="Center"  verticalAlignment ="Middle" >
                         < font  pdfFontName ="Helvetica-Bold"  size ="12"  isBold ="true" />
                     </ textElement >
                 < text > <![CDATA[ 第 ]]> </ text >
                 </ staticText >
                 < staticText >
                     < reportElement
                         x ="409"
                        y ="5"
                        width ="14"
                        height ="17"
                        key ="staticText-3" />
                     < box ></ box >
                     < textElement  textAlignment ="Center"  verticalAlignment ="Middle" >
                         < font  pdfFontName ="Helvetica-Bold"  size ="12"  isBold ="true" />
                     </ textElement >
                 < text > <![CDATA[ 页 ]]> </ text >
                 </ staticText >
             </ band >
         </ pageFooter >
         < summary >
             < band  height ="0"   isSplitAllowed ="true"   >
             </ band >
         </ summary >
</ jasperReport >

    我们可以直接使用ireport查看预览效果，但是大部分我们是在应用程序中使用的哦！我们看看我们怎么让这个jrxml模板文件工作呢，   

File file  =   new  File( " Person.jrxml " );
            InputStream in  =   new  FileInputStream(file);  //  编译报表 jasperReport =
            jasperReport  =  JasperCompileManager.compileReport(in);

编译文件是很耗时的工作，通常这个由iReport去做我们使用jasper文件即可，

jasperReport  =  (JasperReport) JRLoader
                    .loadObject( " D:\\workspace\\Person.jasper " );

产生了JasperReport对象下来就是要填充数据了，采用JDBC方式我们需要一个打开的connection(数据库连接)，
还有报表需要的parameter：

public  HashMap getMap()  {

        HashMap map = new HashMap();
        map.put("reportTitle", "laoshulin");
        return map;
    }

 

jasperPrint  =  JasperFillManager
                    .fillReport(jasperReport, getMap, getConn());

针对jasperPrint对象JasperReport有很多的API可以提供各种方式的预览或是生成文件
我只说说JasperViewer吧！其它的看看api或是google一下就知道了

JasperViewer jasperViewer  =   new  JasperViewer(jasperPrint);

JasperViewer 继承自JFrame类，

jasperViewer.setVisible( true );

这样就可以预览报表了，
JRViewer这个类继承Jpanel，我们可以在web中使用它，后面介绍客户端打印时再详细介绍。

    JDBC数据源很简单主要是SQL的功底，但是它是最基础的，网上一大堆这方面的介绍哦，可以参考别人的多看看哦，我写的这些都有点语无伦次了，主要是我自己不怎么写东西，多以代码的形式留给自己了，现在写出来和大家交流，当时做这个的时候找了好多的文章没有一篇写的深刻的，大多都是copy的。

 

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRDataSource;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRException;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperCompileManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperPrint;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperReport;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.JRMapCollectionDataSource;
import net.sf.jasperreports.view.JasperViewer;
/**
 *
 * <p>C/S架构 JasperReport 的简单使用<p>
 *
 * 创建日期 2013-4-22<br>
 * @author  longgangbai<br>
 * @version $Revision$ 2013-4-22
 * @since   3.0.0
 */
public class Main {
    public static JRDataSource createReportDataSource() {
        JRDataSource dataSource;
        Collection<Map<String, ?>> reportRows = initializeMapArray();
        dataSource = new JRMapCollectionDataSource(reportRows);
        return dataSource;
    }
    public static Collection<Map<String,?>> initializeMapArray() {
        Collection<Map<String, ?>> reportRows = new ArrayList<Map<String,?>>();
        HashMap<String, String> row1Map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        HashMap<String, String> row2Map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        HashMap<String, String> row3Map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        HashMap<String, String> row4Map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        row1Map.put("tail_num", "N263Y");
        row1Map.put("aircraft_serial", "Chinese,我是中国人");
        row1Map.put("aircraft_model", "39 ROSCOE TRNR RACER");
        row1Map.put("engine_model", "R1830 SERIES");
        row2Map.put("tail_num", "N4087X");
        row2Map.put("aircraft_serial", "BA100-163");
        row2Map.put("aircraft_model", "BRADLEY AEROBAT");
        row2Map.put("engine_model", "R2800 SERIES");
        row3Map.put("tail_num", "N43JE");
        row3Map.put("aircraft_serial", "HAYABUSA 1");
        row3Map.put("aircraft_model", "NAKAJIMA KI-43 IIIA");
        row3Map.put("engine_model", "R1830 SERIES");
        row4Map.put("tail_num", "N912S");
        row4Map.put("aircraft_serial", "9973CC");
        row4Map.put("aircraft_model", "PA18-150");
        row4Map.put("engine_model", "R-1820 SER");
        reportRows.add(row1Map);
        reportRows.add(row2Map);
        reportRows.add(row3Map);
        reportRows.add( row4Map);
        return reportRows;
    }
      public static void main(String[] args) throws JRException {
          InputStream  inputStream=Main.class.getResourceAsStream("/resources/data/AircraftReport.jrxml");
          System.out.println(inputStream);
          JRDataSource  jrdatasource =createReportDataSource();
          //填充报表数据生成JasperPrint对象
          JasperReport jrt = JasperCompileManager.compileReport(inputStream);//编译报表格式
          //填充报表数据生成JasperPrint对象
          JasperPrint jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jrt, new HashMap<String, Object>(), jrdatasource);
          JasperViewer.viewReport(jasperPrint,false);
          JasperViewer view = new JasperViewer(jasperPrint, false);
          view.pack();
          view.setVisible(true);
    }
}