AndroidGUI13:ViewTreeObserver的常用技巧

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A view tree observer is used to register listeners that can be notified of global changes in the view tree. Such global events include, but are not limited to, layout of the whole tree, beginning of the drawing pass, touch mode change.... A ViewTreeObserver should never be instantiated by applications as it is provided by the views hierarchy. Refer to View.getViewTreeObserver() for more information.

从上面的描述中,不难看出,ViewTreeObserver是用来帮助我们监听某些View的某些变化的。

ViewTreeObserver 中,包含了以下几个接口:

interface ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalFocusChangeListener

interface ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener

interface ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener

interface ViewTreeObserver.OnScrollChangedListener

interface ViewTreeObserver.OnTouchModeChangeListener

本文将测试除 ViewTreeObserver.OnScrollChangedListener 外的四个接口

1. 创建一个 Android Project ,修改 main.xml 使之如下:

<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>

< LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:id = "@+id/full_screen"

android:orientation = "vertical"

android:layout_width = "fill_parent"

android:layout_height = "fill_parent"

>

< TextView

android:id = "@+id/tv_show"

android:layout_width = "fill_parent"

android:layout_height = "wrap_content"

android:text = ""

android:textSize = "32px"

android:textColor = "#FFFF00"

/>

< EditText

android:id = "@+id/ed_enter1"

android:layout_width = "fill_parent"

android:layout_height = "wrap_content"

android:text = ""

/>

< EditText

android:id = "@+id/ed_enter2"

android:layout_width = "fill_parent"

android:layout_height = "wrap_content"

android:text = ""

/>

< TextView

android:id = "@+id/tv_display"

android:layout_width = "fill_parent"

android:layout_height = "wrap_content"

android:text = ""

/>

< Button

android:id = "@+id/button"

android:layout_width = "fill_parent"

android:layout_height = "wrap_content"

android:text = "OK"

/>

</ LinearLayout >

注意:给 layout 增加一个 id full_screen

2. Activity 对应的 Java 代码如下:

public class ControlViewTreeObserver extends Activity

implements

OnClickListener,

ViewTreeObserver.OnTouchModeChangeListener, // 用于监听 Touch 和非 Touch 模式的转换

ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener, // 用于监听布局之类的变化,比如某个空间消失了

ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener, // 用于在屏幕上画 View 之前,要做什么额外的工作

ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalFocusChangeListener // 用于监听焦点的变化

{

private TextView tv_show ;

private ViewTreeObserver vto ;

private View all ;

private EditText ed1 ;

private EditText ed2 ;

private TextView tv_display ;

private Button button ;

private boolean btnClicked ;

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)

{

super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout. main );

tv_show = (TextView) this .findViewById(R.id. tv_show );

all = this .findViewById(R.id. full_screen ); // 得到整个屏幕对象 因为顶层 layout width height 都是 fill_parent

vto = (ViewTreeObserver) all .getViewTreeObserver(); // 通过 getViewTreeObserver 获得 ViewTreeObserver 对象

tv_display = (TextView) this .findViewById(R.id. tv_display );

ed1 = (EditText) this .findViewById(R.id. ed_enter1 );

ed2 = (EditText) this .findViewById(R.id. ed_enter2 );

button = (Button) this .findViewById(R.id. button );

button .setOnClickListener( this );

vto .addOnTouchModeChangeListener( this ); // 增加对应的 Listener

vto .addOnGlobalFocusChangeListener( this ); // 增加对应的 Listener

vto .addOnPreDrawListener( this ); // 增加对应的 Listener

vto .addOnGlobalLayoutListener( this ); // 增加对应的 Listener

}

// onTouchModeChanged 是接口 ViewTreeObserver.OnTouchModeChangeListener

// 中定义的方法。

@Override

public void onTouchModeChanged( boolean isInTouchMode)

{

if (isInTouchMode) tv_show .setText( "In touch mode" );

else tv_show .setText( "Not in touch mode" );

}

// onGlobalLayout 是接口 ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener

// 中定义的方法。

// Callback method to be invoked when the global layout state or the

// visibility of views within the view tree changes

@Override

public void onGlobalLayout()

{

if ( btnClicked )

{

if (! ed2 .isShown())

ed1 .setText( " 第二个 EditText 不见了 " );

else

ed1 .setText( " 第二个 EditText 出来了 " );

}

}

// onPreDraw 是接口 ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener

// 中定义的方法。

@Override

public boolean onPreDraw()

{

// 在屏幕上画出 ed1 控件之间 给它增加一个提示 并改变其字体大小

ed1 .setHint( " onPreDraw 方法中增加一个提示信息 " );

ed1 .setTextSize(( float ) 20.0);

//return false; // Return true to proceed with the current drawing pass, or false to cancel.

return true ; // 如果此处不返回 true 则整个界面不能完整显示。

}

// onGlobalFocusChanged 是接口 ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalFocusChangeListener

// 中定义的方法。

// 焦点发生变化时,会触发这个方法的执行

@Override

public void onGlobalFocusChanged(View oldFocus, View newFocus)

{

if (oldFocus != null && newFocus != null )

{

tv_display .setText( "Focus /nFROM:/t" + oldFocus.toString() + "/n TO:/t" + newFocus.toString());

}

}

@Override

public void onClick(View v)

{

// 改变 ed2 的可见性 会触发 onGlobalLayout 方法的执行

btnClicked = true ;

if (v.getId() == R.id. button )

{

if ( ed2 .isShown())

ed2 .setVisibility(View. INVISIBLE );

else

ed2 .setVisibility(View. VISIBLE );

}

}

}

3. 运行结果:

AndroidGUI13:ViewTreeObserver的常用技巧

可以看到第一个 EditText 中存在字体发生了变化的提示信息,这种效果是在 onPreDraw() 方法中实现的。

用鼠标点击屏幕上的第二个 EditText

AndroidGUI13:ViewTreeObserver的常用技巧

有两个变化:

一个是有 Not in touch mode 变成了 In touch mode ,二是显示了焦点变化方面的信息。它们分别是 onTouchModeChanged onGlobalFocusChanged 这两个方法所输出的信息。

如果用模拟器右边的键盘进行操作,将交掉移动到第一个 EditText ,则又会回到 Not in touch mode 的状态。

点击 OK 按钮,改变第二个 EditText 的可见性:

AndroidGUI13:ViewTreeObserver的常用技巧AndroidGUI13:ViewTreeObserver的常用技巧

第一个 EditText 中的内容是在 onGlobalLayout 方法中设定的。

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