NHibernate Step by Step(二) 单表操作

NHibernate Step by Step(二) 单表操作

接着第一期，我们继续。

为了方便学习测试，从今天开始我将使用MS Test来进行测试，这样就避免了在一个Console工程里不停地添加、注释代码了。

提示：为了在VS2005IDE中获得NHibernate配置文件的代码提示，请将你的$NHibernate/src/NHibernate下的nhibernate-configuration-2.0.xsd、nhibernate-mapping-2.0.xsd拷贝到/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/Xml/Schemas下，这样当你编辑配置文件或者映射文件时，你将得到完整的代码提示。
VS2003请拷贝到/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2003/Common7/Packages/schemas/xml下。

NHibernat内部使用log4net来进行日志操作，今天我们将在配置文件中添加log4net的配置，这样我们在测试的时候将可以清楚地看到NHibernate是如何进行工作的。

应用配置文件修改如下：

<? xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8" ?>
< configuration >
< configSections >
< section name ="nhibernate" type ="System.Configuration.NameValueSectionHandler,System,Version=1.0.5000.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" />
< section name ="log4net" type ="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler,log4net" />
</ configSections >

< nhibernate >
< add key ="hibernate.connection.provider" value ="NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider" />
< add key ="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value ="NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver" />
< add key ="hibernate.connection.connection_string" value ="Server=localhost;InitialCatalog=NHibernate;IntegratedSecurity=SSPI" />
< add key ="hibernate.connection.isolation" value ="ReadCommitted" />
< add key ="hibernate.dialect" value ="NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect" />
< add key ="show_sql" value ="true" />
</ nhibernate >

< log4net >
< appender name ="ConsoleAppender" type ="log4net.Appender.ConsoleAppender" >
< layout type ="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout" >
< conversionPattern value ="%date[%thread]%-5level%logger[%ndc]-%message%newline" />
</ layout >
</ appender >
< root >
< level value ="ALL" />
< appender-ref ref ="ConsoleAppender" />
</ root >

</ log4net >

</ configuration >

请注意添加：

< add key ="show_sql" value ="true" />

关于log4net的使用，我们这里不做详细的讲解，有兴趣的请参考如下地址：

http://logging.apache.org/log4net/

接着，我们在上次的工程组中添加一个名为Test1的测试项目，将其中的不需要的手动测试去掉。请注意：除了NHibernate/Model引用外，还需要添加如下3个引用：

log4net,System.Data,System.Xml.

修改代码如下：

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using NHibernate;
using NHibernate.Cfg;
using log4net;
using log4net.Config;
using Test.Model;

namespace Test1
{
/**////<summary>
///SummarydescriptionforUnitTest1
///</summary>
[TestClass]
publicclassUnitTest1
{
staticISessionFactoryfactory;
staticILoglogger;
ISessionsession;

publicUnitTest1()
{
}

Additionaltestattributes#regionAdditionaltestattributes

[ClassInitialize()]
publicstaticvoidMyClassInitialize(TestContexttestContext)
{
XmlConfigurator.Configure();
logger=LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(Test1.UnitTest1));
Configurationconfig=newConfiguration().AddAssembly("Test.Model");
factory=config.BuildSessionFactory();
}

[ClassCleanup()]
publicstaticvoidMyClassCleanup(){}

[TestInitialize()]
publicvoidMyTestInitialize()
{
session=factory.OpenSession();
}

[TestCleanup()]
publicvoidMyTestCleanup()
{
session.Close();
}

#endregion
}
}

我们在测试的开始对Configuration/SessionFactory/Log进行初始化。在每一个Test的开始获取一个新的session，每一个Test结束后即关闭session。

添加如下一个Get测试：

[TestMethod]
public void TestRead()
{
Personperson=(Person)session.Get(typeof(Person),1);
Assert.IsTrue(person.Name=="JackieChan");
}

我们在前面曾经插入一条名为“Jackie Chan”的记录，现在在Test Manager中选中TestRead，运行，ok，Passed！
我们使用了session.Get来获取记录，方法如下：

objectGet(Typeclazz,objectid);

很简单，一目了然。

我们切换到Test Results窗口，双击测试成功的TestRead方法，这时将会有一个详细的测试结果显示出来，NHibernate将使用我们指定的log4net来输出详细信息，我们仔细观察：

2006-04-15 13:52:13,000 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - opened session

2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - loading [Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - attempting to resolve [Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - object not resolved in any cache [Test.Model.Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Persister.EntityPersister [(null)] - Materializing entity: Test.Model.Person#1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,078 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Opened new IDbCommand, open IDbCommands :1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,078 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Building an IDbCommand object for the SqlString: SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=:id

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Type.Int32Type [(null)] - binding '1' to parameter: 0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=@p0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=@p0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - @p0 = '1'

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider [(null)] - Obtaining IDbConnection from Driver

2006-04-15 13:52:13,859 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Opened Reader, open Readers :1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,859 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - processing result set

2006-04-15 13:52:13,875 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - result row: 1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,875 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - Initializing object from DataReader: 1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,875 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - Hydrating entity: Test.Model.Person#1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Type.StringType [(null)] - returning 'Jackie Chan' as column: name0_

2006-04-15 13:52:13,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - done processing result set (1 rows)

2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Driver.NHybridDataReader [(null)] - running NHybridDataReader.Dispose()

2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Closed Reader, open Readers :0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Closed IDbCommand, open IDbCommands :0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - total objects hydrated: 1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - resolving associations for: [Test.Model.Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - done materializing entity [Test.Model.Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - initializing non-lazy collections

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - closing session

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - disconnecting session

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Connection.ConnectionProvider [(null)] - Closing connection

2006-04-15 13:52:13,968 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - transaction completion

在其中，我们可以发现：

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=@p0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - @p0 = '1'

对了，就是这里，NHibernate替我们构造了一条sql语句，并添加一个参数，然后将我们在代码中赋的id值1来填充，这样，一条完整的可以执行的sql语句产生了。

请注意：在产生sql语句的前面，NHibernate构造了一个IDBCommand，然后在sql语句产生完全后，获取连接，通过一个DataReader来填充Persion对象给我们使用，这就是NHibernate替我们做的事，是不是很简单啊？（真的很简单吗？？看看源代码吧！！）

请仔细研究输出的日志。

如法炮制，我们添加另外3个Test，完成单个表的全部CRUD操作，如下完整代码：

[TestMethod]

public void TestCreate()

{

Personperson=newPerson();

person.Name="JackieChan";



ITransactiontrans=session.BeginTransaction();

try

{

session.Save(person);

trans.Commit();

Assert.IsTrue(person.Id>0);

}

catch(Exceptionex)

{

trans.Rollback();

Assert.Fail(ex.Message);

}

}



[TestMethod]

public void TestUpdate()

{

Personperson=(Person)session.Get(typeof(Person),1);

person.Name="JetLi";



ITransactiontrans=session.BeginTransaction();

try

{

session.Save(person);

trans.Commit();

Assert.IsTrue(person.Name=="JetLi");

}

catch(Exceptionex)

{

trans.Rollback();

Assert.Fail(ex.Message);

}

}



[TestMethod]

public void TestRead()

{

Personperson=(Person)session.Get(typeof(Person),1);

Assert.IsTrue(person.Name=="JackieChan");

}



[TestMethod]

public void TestDelete()

{

Personperson=(Person)session.Get(typeof(Person),1);



ITransactiontrans=session.BeginTransaction();

try

{

session.Delete(person);

trans.Commit();

}

catch(Exceptionex)

{

trans.Rollback();

Assert.Fail(ex.Message);

}

}

Delete的方法如下：

voidDelete(objectobj);

直接传入需要delete的对象即可。

好了，基本的操作都完成了，是不是很Easy？

好了，这一篇就讲这么多，我们下次再接着练习。

Step by Step，顾名思义，是一步一步来的意思，整个教程我将贯彻这一理念。

任何建议或者批评，请e：[email protected]