android工具详解
首先让我们看看android命令的详细参数及用法：
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root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:~# android --help
Usage:
android [global options] action [action options]
Global options:
-h --help : Help on a specificcommand.
-v--verbose : Verbose mode, shows errors, warnings and all messages.
--clear-cache: Clear the SDK Manager repository manifest cache.
-s --silent : Silent mode, shows errors only.
Valid
actions
are
composed
of a verb
and an
optional
direct
object:
- sdk : Displays the SDK Manager window.
- avd : Displays the AVD Manager window.
- list : Lists existing targets or virtual devices.
- list avd : Lists existing Android Virtual Devices.
- list target : Lists existing targets.
- list sdk : Lists remote SDK repository.
- create avd : Creates a new Android Virtual Device.
- move avd : Moves or renames an Android Virtual Device.
- delete avd : Deletes an Android Virtual Device.
- update avd : Updates an Android Virtual Device to match the folders
of a new SDK.
- create project : Creates a new Android project.
- update project : Updates an Android project (must already have an
AndroidManifest.xml).
- createtest-project : Creates a new Android projectforatestpackage.
- updatetest-project : Updates the Android projectforatestpackage (must
already have an AndroidManifest.xml).
- create lib-project : Creates a new Android library project.
- update lib-project : Updates an Android library project (must already have
an AndroidManifest.xml).
- update adb : Updates adb to support the USB devices declaredinthe
SDK add-ons.
- update sdk : Updates the SDK by suggesting new platforms toinstall
ifavailable.
- create identity : Creates an identityfile.
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android可执行程序是一个重要的工具：
(1):创建，删除以及查看虚拟设备。
(2):创建，更新Android工程
(3):更新SDK新的平台库，附件组建以及文件。
当然如果你使用的是Eclipse，并且集成了ADT，那么你可以不必直接使用这个执行程序。
//列出所有可用的系统镜像
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root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:~# android list targets
Available Android targets:
----------
id: 1 or"android-8"
Name: Android 2.2
Type: Platform
API level: 8
Revision: 3
Skins: WQVGA432, HVGA, WQVGA400, QVGA, WVGA854, WVGA800 (default)
ABIs : armeabi
----------
id: 2 or"Google Inc.:Google APIs:8"
Name: Google APIs
Type: Add-On
Vendor: Google Inc.
Revision: 2
Description: Android + Google APIs
Based on Android 2.2 (API level <img src=" http://www.ithouge.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_cool.gif"alt="8)"class="wp-smiley">
Libraries:
* com.google.android.maps (maps.jar)
APIforGoogle Maps
Skins: WVGA854, WQVGA400, HVGA, WQVGA432, WVGA800 (default), QVGA
ABIs : armeabi
----------
id: 3 or"KYOCERA Corporation:DTS Add-On:8"
Name: DTS Add-On
Type: Add-On
Vendor: KYOCERA Corporation
Revision: 1
Description: DTS Add-On
Based on Android 2.2 (API level <img src=" http://www.ithouge.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_cool.gif"alt="8)"class="wp-smiley">
Libraries:
* com.kyocera.dualscreen (dualscreen.jar)
Dual Screen optional platform library
Skins: DTS400 (default), WVGA854, WQVGA400, HVGA, DTS800, WQVGA432, WVGA800, QVGA
ABIs : armeabi
----------
id: 4 or"LGE:Real3D Add-On:8"
Name: Real3D Add-On
Type: Add-On
Vendor: LGE
Revision: 1
Description: Real3D add-on
Based on Android 2.2 (API level <img src=" http://www.ithouge.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_cool.gif"alt="8)"class="wp-smiley">
Libraries:
* com.lge.real3d (real3d.jar)
Real3D library
Skins: WVGA854, WQVGA400, Optimus3D (default), HVGA, WQVGA432, WVGA800, QVGA
ABIs : armeabi
----------
id: 5 or"Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.:GALAXY Tab Addon:8"
Name: GALAXY Tab Addon
Type: Add-On
Vendor: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
Revision: 1
Based on Android 2.2 (API level <img src=" http://www.ithouge.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_cool.gif"alt="8)"class="wp-smiley">
Skins: WVGA854, WQVGA400, GALAXY Tab (default), HVGA, WQVGA432, WVGA800, QVGA
ABIs : armeabi
----------
id: 6 or"android-9"
Name: Android 2.3.1
Type: Platform
API level: 9
Revision: 2
Skins: WQVGA432, HVGA, WQVGA400, QVGA, WVGA854, WVGA800 (default)
ABIs : armeabi
----------
id: 7 or"Google Inc.:Google APIs:9"
Name: Google APIs
Type: Add-On
Vendor: Google Inc.
Revision: 2
Description: Android + Google APIs
Based on Android 2.3.1 (API level 9)
Libraries:
* com.google.android.maps (maps.jar)
APIforGoogle Maps
Skins: WVGA854, WQVGA400, HVGA, WQVGA432, WVGA800 (default), QVGA
ABIs : armeabi
----------
id: 8 or"android-10"
Name: Android 2.3.3
Type: Platform
API level: 10
Revision: 2
Skins: WQVGA432, HVGA, WQVGA400, QVGA, WVGA854, WVGA800 (default)
ABIs : armeabi
----------
id: 9 or"Google Inc.:Google APIs:10"
Name: Google APIs
Type: Add-On
Vendor: Google Inc.
Revision: 2
Description: Android + Google APIs
Based on Android 2.3.3 (API level 10)
Libraries:
* com.android.future.usb.accessory (usb.jar)
APIforUSB Accessories
* com.google.android.maps (maps.jar)
APIforGoogle Maps
Skins: WVGA854, WQVGA400, HVGA, WQVGA432, WVGA800 (default), QVGA
ABIs : armeabi
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1:通过命令行管理虚拟设备
以下是创建AVD的一般格式，通过设置参数可以指定avd名称，系统镜像。还可以设置其他的选项，例如：SD卡待大小，模拟器皮肤以及数据存储位置。
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android create avd -n -t [-
<option> ] ... </option>
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参数-n指定模拟器的名称，-t指定系统镜像ID
如果你选择的系统镜像是标准的（不含附件组建），那么android工具会询问你是否要设置自定义的硬件配置。如果需要自定义,则输入相应的值，否则直接按回车键，选择默认。
备注：如果你选择创建的模拟器包含有附加组建，android工具则不会询问设置自定义的硬件参数，它会假定附件已经设置好了特定的参数，所以防止再次重置参数。
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root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:~# android create avd -n platform4.1 -t 20
Auto-selecting single ABI armeabi-v7a
Android 4.1 is a basic Android platform.
Do you wish to create a custom hardware profile [no]yes
Name of the AVD being run:
avd.name []:4.1
Name of the AVD being run:
avd.name []:
Cache partition support: Whether we use a/cachepartition on the device.
disk.cachePartition [yes]:yes
Cache partition: Cache partition to use on the device. Ignoredifdisk.cachePartition is not'yes'.
disk.cachePartition.path []:/tmp/4.1
Cache partition: Cache partition to use on the device. Ignoredifdisk.cachePartition is not'yes'.
disk.cachePartition.path []:
Cache partition size:
disk.cachePartition.size [66MB]:
Initial data partition: If not empty, its content will be copied to the disk.dataPartition.pathfileat boot-time.
disk.dataPartition.initPath []:
Path to data partitionfile: Path to data partitionfile. Cannot be empty. Special value means using a temporaryfile. If disk.dataPartition.initPath is not empty, its content will be copied to the disk.dataPartition.pathfileat boot-time.
disk.dataPartition.path []:
Ideal size of data partition:
disk.dataPartition.size [0]:
Path to the ramdisk image: Path to the ramdisk image.
disk.ramdisk.path []:
Path to snapshot storage: Path to a'snapshot storage'file, where all snapshots are stored.
disk.snapStorage.path []:
Initial system partition image:
disk.systemPartition.initPath []:
Path to runtime system partition image:
disk.systemPartition.path []:
Ideal size of system partition:
disk.systemPartition.size [0]:
Accelerometer: Whether there is an accelerometerinthe device.
hw.accelerometer [yes]:
Audio recording support: Whether the device can record audio
hw.audioInput [yes]:
Audio playback support: Whether the device can play audio
hw.audioOutput [yes]:
Battery support: Whether the device can run on a battery.
hw.battery [yes]:
Configures camera facing back: Must be'emulated'fora fake camera,'webcam'fora web camera, or'none'ifback camera is disabled.
hw.camera.back [emulated]:
Configures camera facing front: Must be'emulated'fora fake camera,'webcam'fora web camera, or'none'iffront camera is disabled.
hw.camera.front [none]:
CPU Architecture: The CPU Architecture to emulator
hw.cpu.arch [arm]:
CPU model: The CPU model (QEMU-specific string)
hw.cpu.model []:
DPad support: Whether the device has DPad keys
hw.dPad [yes]:
GPS support: Whether there is a GPSinthe device.
hw.gps [yes]:
GPU emulation: Enable/Disableemulated OpenGLES GPU
hw.gpu.enabled [no]:
GSM modem support: Whether there is a GSM modeminthe device.
hw.gsmModem [yes]:
Keyboard support: Whether the device has a QWERTY keyboard.
hw.keyboard [no]:
Keyboard charmap name: Name of the system keyboard charmapfile.
hw.keyboard.charmap [qwerty2]:
Keyboard lid support: Whether the QWERTY keyboard can be opened/closed.
hw.keyboard.lid [yes]:
LCD backlight: Enable/DisableLCD backlight simulation,yes-enabled,no-disabled.
hw.lcd.backlight [yes]:
Abstracted LCD density: A value used to roughly describe the density of the LCDscreenforautomatic resource/assetselection.
hw.lcd.density [160]:
LCD color depth: Color bit depth of emulated framebuffer.
hw.lcd.depth [16]:
LCD pixel height:
hw.lcd.height [640]:
LCD pixel width:
hw.lcd.width [320]:
Hardware Back/Homekeys: Whether there are hardware back/homekeys on the device.
hw.mainKeys [yes]:
Deviceramsize: The amount of physical RAM on the device,inmegabytes.
hw.ramSize [0]:
Touchscreentype: Definestypeof thescreen.
hw.screen[touch]:
SD Card support: Whether the device supports insertion/removalof virtual SD Cards.
hw.sdCard [yes]:
SD Card image path:
hw.sdCard.path []:
Magnetic field support: Provides magnetic field senosr values.
hw.sensors.magnetic_field [yes]:
Orientation support: Provides orientation sensor values.
hw.sensors.orientation [yes]:
Proximity support: Whether there is an proximityinthe device.
hw.sensors.proximity [yes]:
Temperature support: Provides temperatore sensor values.
hw.sensors.temperature [yes]:
Track-ball support: Whether there is a trackball on the device.
hw.trackBall [yes]:
kernel boot parameters string.:
kernel.parameters []:
Path to the kernel image: Path to the kernel image.
kernel.path []:
Max VM application heap size: The maximum heap size a Dalvik application might allocate before being killed by the system. Value isinmegabytes.
vm.heapSize [0]:
Created AVD'platform4.1'based on Android 4.1, ARM (armeabi-v7a) processor,
with the following hardware config:
hw.lcd.density=240
disk.cachePartition=yes
vm.heapSize=48
hw.ramSize=512
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当你创建好一个模拟器之后，android工具会为其在你电脑上创建一个专有的目录,这个目录里面包含有AVD的配置文件，数据镜像，SD卡镜像以及其他和这个虚拟设备有关的文件。这个目录里面并没有包含有系统镜像，但是在AVD配置文件中有系统镜像的路径。
同时android工具会为当前AVD创建一个名为<AVD_name>.ini的文件在.android/avd/ 根目录下。这个文件指明了AVD的目录。
默认情况下，android工具创建AVD目录在~/.android/avd/ (on Linux/Mac), C:\Documents and Settings\<user>\.android\ on Windows XP, and C:\Users\<user>\.android\ on Windows 7 and Vista。如果你想要自定义AVD的存储目录，可以指定参数-p <path>,在创建该AVD的时候。
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android create avd -n my_android1.5 -t 2 -p path/to/my/avd
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除了上面设置一些AVD基本的参数外，为了测试的需要，建议自定义AVD的分辨率和密度。
在我们测试应用程序的时候，我们应该在不同的AVD或真机上测试，应用不同的屏幕配置(不同屏幕大小与密度的混合)。另外，我们应该设定AVD的物理大小尽可能的接近真机。
1：设定AVD的皮肤
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android create avd -n -t --skin WVGA800
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选项–skin后面可以是Android事前定义好的皮肤类型，也或则我们可以自定义皮肤，例如：240×432
2：设定AVD的密度
设定这个参数，我们只需在创建AVD的时候，选择自定义AVD参数，在被问及设定屏幕虚拟密度的时候(hw.lcd.density)输入理想中的值，例如：”120″表示低密度的屏幕，”160″表示中等密度的屏幕，”240″表示高密度的屏幕。
//删除AVD
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root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:~# android delete avd -n 4.1GoogleAPIS
Deletingfile/root/.android/avd/4.1GoogleAPIS.ini
Deleting folder/root/.android/avd/4.1GoogleAPIS.avd
AVD'4.1GoogleAPIS'deleted.
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//更新或移动AVD
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android move avd -n [-
<option> ] ...
android update avd -n [-</option>
<option> ] ...
</option>
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