1：查看挂载好的硬盘
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
#-------------- 第一块硬盘 /dev/xvda --------------------------
Disk /dev/xvda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000af342
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/xvda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/xvda2 64 26109 209202176 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/xvdd: 118 MB, 118593536 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 2113 MB, 2113929216 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 257 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home: 158.4 GB, 158418862080 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19259 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
#-------------- 第二块硬盘 /dev/xvdb --------------------------
Disk /dev/xvdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
#-------------- 第三块硬盘 /dev/xvdc --------------------------
Disk /dev/xvdc: 63.4 GB, 63350767616 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7701 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
2：硬盘分区
上面很清楚，是三块硬盘。
第一块已经在使用了，第二，第三块还为分区。那我们下面来格式化（格式化命令： fdisk 挂载盘）
#fdisk /dev/xvdb 格式化这块硬盘
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/xvdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x40a24247.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
# fdisk 如果你不熟悉的话，就输入m，就是menu的意思。所有的fdisk命令尽收眼底
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
#对照上面 我是想新增一个分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
#主分区我已经有了，这里我就做逻辑分区吧。
e
#这里没有什么意思，就是分几个区，每个区大小事多少。我这里就一个区，大小全部。具体操作见下面
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-6527, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-6527, default 6527):
Using default value 6527
#其实到这里，分区并没完成。 需要写入。 这里w 对照上面的菜单看
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
# 不用说了，到此已经创建完成了。
比较一下分区前后的硬盘信息 还是用fdisk -l
#这里是分区前的信息 Disk /dev/xvdc: 63.4 GB, 63350767616 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7701 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000
# 这里是分区后的信息
Disk /dev/xvdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x40a24247
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/xvdb1 1 6527 52428096 5 Extended
3：格式化分区
输入fdisk -l 查看以前的新创建的分区。 然后用mkfs -t ext3 -c [新分区] 进行格式化。
#查询硬盘上的分区
Disk /dev/xvdc: 63.4 GB, 63350767616 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7701 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x210fa633
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/xvdc1 1 7701 61858251 83 Linux
格式化/dev/xvdc1
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext3 -c /dev/xvdc1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
3866624 inodes, 15464562 blocks
773228 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
472 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424
Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 25 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
4：挂载
我们现在来看一下硬盘的目录信息 df -h
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
50G 1.1G 46G 3% /
tmpfs 497M 0 497M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/xvda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home
146G 3.4G 135G 3% /home
挂载：
将/dev/xvdc1 挂载到 /disk2 下 [root@localhost /]# mkdir /disk2 [root@localhost /]# mount /dev/xvdc1 /disk2
我们现在再来看一下硬盘的目录信息
[root@localhost /]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
50G 1.1G 46G 3% /
tmpfs 497M 0 497M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/xvda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home
146G 3.4G 135G 3% /home
/dev/xvdc1 59G 180M 55G 1% /disk2
到此挂载就完成了。如果你重启机器以后，你会发现。disk2的目录又没了。不得重新挂载一次；当然这个肯定不是长久的解决方法
[root@localhost /]# vi /etc/fstab 增加一行： /dev/xvdc1 /disk2 ext3 defaults 0 0
现在才真正的完成了。