mysql-cluster的备份与还原
测试start backup
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//备份概念
1.备份时当前数据库的一个快照，备份包含下面三部分
A.metadata:数据库的定义和结构
B.table records:存储在表中到数据
C.transaction log: 记录数据存储的时间
2.每个备份存储在所有的节点上，备份文件由三个文件组成：
BACKUP-backup_id.node_id.ctl
BACKUP-backup_id-0.node_id.data
BACKUP-backup_id.node_id.log
3.backup_id标识每一次备份，node_id表示创建备份文件的节点
//start backup语法
START BACKUP [backup_id] [wait_option] [snapshot_option]
backup_id:大于等于1的整数，不能重复
wait_option:WAIT {STARTED | COMPLETED}
wait started:等待直到备份启动 默认
wait completed ：等待备份完成
snapshot_option:
SNAPSHOTSTART | SNAPSHOTEND
SNAPSHOTSTART:匹配备份开始时集群的状态
SNAPSHOTEND: 备份反映备份完成时集群到状态 默认
//备份操作
1.在管理节点上进行
ndb_mgm> start backup 7 wait completed snapshotstart
Waiting for completed, this may take several minutes
Node 2: Backup 7 started from node 1
Node 2: Backup 7 started from node 1 completed
StartGCP: 4696 StopGCP: 4699
#Records: 2073 #LogRecords: 0
Data: 54164 bytes Log: 0 bytes
2.在node=3上查看数据节点备份文件
/data/backup/BACKUP/BACKUP-6
shell> ll
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14056 2月 28 09:54 BACKUP-6-0.3.Data
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25616 2月 28 09:54 BACKUP-6.3.ctl
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 52 2月 28 09:54 BACKUP-6.3.log
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测试ndb_restore
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1.环境介绍
管理节点:154
四台 data/sql节点:154/155/156/157
2.cluster当前状态
[ndbd(NDB)] 4 node(s)
id=2 @10.10.54.154 (mysql-5.5.35 ndb-7.2.15, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3 @10.10.54.155 (mysql-5.5.35 ndb-7.2.15, Nodegroup: 0)
id=4 @10.10.54.156 (mysql-5.5.35 ndb-7.2.15, Nodegroup: 1)
id=5 @10.10.54.157 (mysql-5.5.35 ndb-7.2.15, Nodegroup: 1)
[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1 @10.10.54.154 (mysql-5.5.35 ndb-7.2.15)
[mysqld(API)] 8 node(s)
id=7 @10.10.54.154 (mysql-5.5.35 ndb-7.2.15)
id=9 @10.10.54.155 (mysql-5.5.35 ndb-7.2.15)
id=10 @10.10.54.156 (mysql-5.5.35 ndb-7.2.15)
id=11 @10.10.54.157 (mysql-5.5.35 ndb-7.2.15)
id=12 (not connected, accepting connect from any host)
id=13 (not connected, accepting connect from any host)
id=14 (not connected, accepting connect from any host)
id=15 (not connected, accepting connect from any host)
3.所有数据节点上数据库状态
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| employees |
| mysql |
| ndb_2_fs |
| ndbinfo |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
//管理机:先创建新数据库和表，然后执行备份命令
1.创建测试数据
mysql> create database d1;
mysql> use d1;
mysql> create table d1_t1(id int NOT NULL) engine=ndb;
mysql> create table d1_t2(id int NOT NULL) engine=ndb;
mysql> insert into d1_t1 values(1),(2);
mysql> insert into d1_t2 values(1),(2);
mysql> show tables;
+--------------+
| Tables_in_d1 |
+--------------+
| d1_t1 |
| d1_t2 |
+--------------+
2.执行备份命令
ndb_mgm> start backup 4
Waiting for completed, this may take several minutes
Node 2: Backup 4 started from node 1
Node 2: Backup 4 started from node 1 completed
StartGCP: 540 StopGCP: 543
#Records: 2070 #LogRecords: 0
Data: 53152 bytes Log: 0 bytes
//关闭并重启cluster
关闭顺序
sql节点---data节点---管理节点
启动cluster
1.启动管理节点
shell> ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
2.开启data节点
shell> ndbd --initial #--initial操作会清空所有表和数据
2014-02-28 13:19:25 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel connected to '10.10.54.154:1186'
2014-02-28 13:19:25 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel allocated nodeid: 2
3.开启sql节点
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
//再次创建新数据库和表，验证增量备份
1.创建新数据库
mysql> create database d2;
mysql> use d2;
mysql> create table d2_t1(id int NOT NULL) engine=ndb;
mysql> insert into d2_t1 values(1),(2);
mysql> show tables;
+--------------+
| Tables_in_d2 |
+--------------+
| d2_t1 |
+--------------+
//恢复数据，并查看数据库中数据
1.说明
A.之前的操作流程为:
创建d1----备份----创建d2&&删除d1----恢复数据
B.恢复数据后验证的是:
d1数据库被恢复，d2数据库仍保留
2.在四个data节点上都执行恢复操作
shell> ndb_restore -c 10.10.54.154 -n 2 -m -b 4 -r /data/backup/BACKUP/BACKUP-4/
shell> ndb_restore -c 10.10.54.154 -n 3 -b 4 -r /data/backup/BACKUP/BACKUP-4/
shell> ndb_restore -c 10.10.54.154 -n 4 -b 4 -r /data/backup/BACKUP/BACKUP-4/
shell> ndb_restore -c 10.10.54.154 -n 5 -b 4 -r /data/backup/BACKUP/BACKUP-4/
#-c:管理节点
#-n:当前恢复节点，变化
#-m:第一次恢复时需要加
#-b:执行备份时的备份id
#-r:备份文件位置
3.部分结果
shell> ndb_restore -c 10.10.54.154 -n 2 -m -b 4 -r /data/backup/BACKUP/BACKUP-4/
Nodeid = 2
Backup Id = 4
backup path = /data/backup/BACKUP/BACKUP-4/
Opening file '/data/backup/BACKUP/BACKUP-4/BACKUP-4.2.ctl'
File size 23040 bytes
Backup version in files: ndb-6.3.11 ndb version: mysql-5.5.35 ndb-7.2.15
Stop GCP of Backup: 542
Connected to ndb!!
Successfully restored table `d1/def/d1_t1`
Successfully restored table event REPL$d1/d1_t1
...
NDBT_ProgramExit: 0 - OK
4.验证d1数据库恢复，d2保留
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| d1 |
| d2 |
...
mysql> use d1;
mysql> show tables;
+--------------+
| Tables_in_d1 |
+--------------+
| d1_t2 |
| d1_t1 |
+--------------+
###d1数据库中的表成功恢复
mysql> use d2;
mysql> show tables;
+--------------+
| Tables_in_d2 |
+--------------+
| d2_t1 |
+--------------+
mysql> select * from d2_t1;
+----+
| id |
+----+
| 2 |
| 1 |
+----+
###d2数据库中的数据被保留