LVM2

 管理LVM

 
2.1  LVM增大分区空间
 
添加新的物理卷到卷组中
 
当系统安装了新的磁盘并创建了新的物理卷,而要将其添加到已有卷组时,就需要使用vgextend命令:
 
[root@lvm ~]# fdisk -l
 
 
 
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
 
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
 
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 
Disk identifier: 0x000824a8
 
 
 
Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
 
/dev/sda1   *           1          26      204800   83  Linux
 
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
 
/dev/sda2              26        1046     8192000   83  Linux
 
/dev/sda3            1046        1683     5120000   8e  Linux LVM
 
/dev/sda4            1683        2611     7453696    5  Extended
 
/dev/sda5            1684        1811     1024000   82  Linux swap / Solaris
 
/dev/sda6            1811        2611     6427648   8e  Linux LVM
 
 
 
Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
 
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
 
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
 
 
 
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
 
 
 
[root@lvm ~]# vgdisplay
 
--- Volume group ---
 
VG Name               vg01
 
System ID
 
Format                lvm2
 
Metadata Areas        2
 
Metadata Sequence No  1
 
VG Access             read/write
 
VG Status             resizable
 
MAX LV                0
 
Cur LV                0
 
Open LV               0
 
Max PV                0
 
Cur PV                2
 
Act PV                2
 
VG Size               11.01 GiB
 
PE Size               4.00 MiB
 
Total PE              2818
 
Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0
 
Free  PE / Size       2818 / 11.01 GiB
 
VG UUID               obrLAB-73Ka-ExbE-EyCh-0fAU-TyhO-uwKD2m
 
 
 
[root@lvm ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
 
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
 
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x966e398b.
 
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
 
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
 
 
 
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
 
 
 
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
 
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
 
sectors (command 'u').
 
 
 
Command (m for help): n
 
Command action
 
e   extended
 
p   primary partition (1-4)
 
p
 
Partition number (1-4): 1
 
First cylinder (1-652, default 1):
 
Using default value 1
 
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-652, default 652): 652
 
 
 
Command (m for help): t
 
Selected partition 1
 
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
 
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
 
 
 
Command (m for help): w
 
The partition table has been altered!
 
 
 
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
 
Syncing disks.
 
 
 
[root@lvm ~]# partprobe  /dev/sdb
 
[root@lvm ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb[1]
 
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
 
[root@lvm ~]# pvdisplay
 
--- Physical volume ---
 
PV Name               /dev/sda3
 
VG Name               vg01
 
PV Size               4.88 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
 
Allocatable           yes
 
PE Size               4.00 MiB
 
Total PE              1249
 
Free PE               1249
 
Allocated PE          0
 
PV UUID               jEvjAQ-0N9Z-Ro5V-RBrH-E6rb-BN56-nBNJek
 
 
 
--- Physical volume ---
 
PV Name               /dev/sda6
 
VG Name               vg01
 
PV Size               6.13 GiB / not usable 0
 
Allocatable           yes
 
PE Size               4.00 MiB
 
Total PE              1569
 
Free PE               1569
 
Allocated PE          0
 
PV UUID               PfFgDG-A5i9-GOO7-EUvA-qYvs-eu5M-o4O8TJ
 
 
 
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "4.99 GiB"
 
--- NEW Physical volume ---
 
PV Name               /dev/sdb1
 
VG Name
 
PV Size               4.99 GiB
 
Allocatable           NO
 
PE Size               0
 
Total PE              0
 
Free PE               0
 
Allocated PE          0
 
PV UUID               PnXF0c-VXM2-M42z-G1IU-FXX3-tij2-iRMdS7
 
 
 
 
 
[root@lvm ~]# vgdisplay
 
--- Volume group ---
 
VG Name               vg01
 
System ID
 
Format                lm2
 
Metadata Areas        2
 
Metadata Sequence No  1
 
VG Access             read/write
 
VG Status             resizable
 
MAX LV                0
 
Cur LV                0
 
Open LV               0
 
Max PV                0
 
Cur PV                2
 
Act PV                2
 
VG Size               11.01 GiB
 
PE Size               4.00 MiB
 
Total PE              2818
 
Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0
 
Free  PE / Size       2818 / 11.01 GiB
 
VG UUID               obrLAB-73Ka-ExbE-EyCh-0fAU-TyhO-uwKD2m
 
 
 
[root@lvm ~]# pvscan
 
PV /dev/sda3   VG vg01            lvm2 [4.88 GiB / 4.88 GiB free]
 
PV /dev/sda6   VG vg01            lvm2 [6.13 GiB / 6.13 GiB free]
 
PV /dev/sdb1                      lvm2 [4.99 GiB]
 
Total: 3 [16.00 GiB] / in use: 2 [11.01 GiB] / in no VG: 1 [4.99 GiB]
 
2.2  Vg增加容量
 
[root@lvm ~]# vgextend vg01 /dev/sdb
 
No physical volume label read from /dev/sdb
 
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created
 
Volume group "vg01" successfully extended
 
[root@lvm ~]# vgdisplay
 
--- Volume group ---
 
VG Name               vg01
 
System ID
 
Format                lvm2
 
Metadata Areas        3
 
Metadata Sequence No  2
 
VG Access             read/write
 
VG Status             resizable
 
MAX LV                0
 
Cur LV                0
 
Open LV               0
 
Max PV                0
 
Cur PV                3
 
Act PV                3
 
VG Size               16.00 GiB    //vg容量已经增加了
 
PE Size               4.00 MiB
 
Total PE              4097
 
Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0
 
Free  PE / Size       4097 / 16.00 GiB
 
VG UUID               obrLAB-73Ka-ExbE-EyCh-0fAU-TyhO-uwKD2m
 
2.3  Lv增加容量
 
[root@lvm dev]# lvscan
 
ACTIVE            '/dev/vg01/lv01' [7.81 GiB] inherit
 
[root@lvm dev]# lvdisplay
 
--- Logical volume ---
 
LV Name                /dev/vg01/lv01
 
VG Name                vg01
 
LV UUID                SHbq4A-MFlQ-N1pR-l8ui-aT20-xyEq-mAG3bp
 
LV Write Access        read/write
 
LV Status              available
 
# open                 0
 
LV Size                7.81 GiB
 
Current LE             2000
 
Segments               2
 
Allocation             inherit
 
Read ahead sectors     auto
 
- currently set to     256
 
Block device           253:0
 
 
 
[root@lvm dev]# lvresize -l +2000 /dev/vg
 
vg01/        vga_arbiter
 
[root@lvm dev]# lvresize -l +2000 /dev/vg01/lv01
 
Extending logical volume lv01 to 15.62 GiB
 
Logical volume lv01 successfully resized
 
[root@lvm dev]# lvscan
 
ACTIVE            '/dev/vg01/lv01' [15.62 GiB] inherit
 
若要增加则使用+ ,若要减少则使用-
 
 
 
2.4  回收闲置硬盘
 
如果lv01闲置空间大就将sdb硬盘取下,用作别的地方,比如做快照备份
 
[root@lvm dev]# vgreduce vg01 /dev/sdb
 
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" still in use
 
[root@lvm dev]# lvresize -l -2000 /dev/vg01/lv01
 
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 7.81 GiB
 
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
 
Do you really want to reduce lv01? [y/n]: y
 
Reducing logical volume lv01 to 7.81 GiB
 
Logical volume lv01 successfully resized
 
[root@lvm dev]# pvmove /dev/sdb /dev/sda3  //如果sdb内有PE就移动到sda3中,这里没
 
No data to move for vg01
 
[root@lvm dev]# vgreduce vg01 /dev/sdb
 
Removed "/dev/sdb" from volume group "vg01"
 
[root@lvm dev]# pvremove /dev/sdb
 
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully wipe3. 快照备份还原
 
3.1 挂载一块硬盘
 
[root@lvm ~]# pvcreate /dev/hdb2
 
Physical volume "/dev/hdb2" successfully created
 
[root@lvm ~]# vgextend vg02 /dev/hdb2
 
Volume group "vg02" successfully extended
 
[root@lvm ~]# vgdisplay
 
--- Volume group ---
 
VG Name vg02
 
VG Size 8.36 GB
 
PE Size 16.00 MB
 
Total PE 535
 
Alloc PE / Size 446 / 6.97 GB
 
Free PE / Size 89 / 1.39 GB   
 
3.2  建立系统快照区snap02
 
[root@lvm ~]# lvcreate -l 60 -s -n snap02 /dev/vg02/lv02
 
Logical volume "snap02" created
 
[root@lvm ~]# lvdisplay
 
--- Logical volume ---
 
LV Name /dev/vg02/snap02
 
VG Name vg02
 
LV UUID K2tJ5E-e9mI-89Gw-hKFd-4tRU-tRKF-oeB03a
 
LV Write Access read/write
 
LV snapmntstatus active destination for /dev/vg02/lv02
 
LV Status available
 
# open 0
 
LV Size 6.97 GB     
 
Current LE 446
 
COW-table size 960.00 MB  
 
COW-table LE 60         
 
Allocated to snapmnt0.00%
 
Snapmntchunk size 4.00 KB
 
Segments 1
 
Allocation inherit
 
Read ahead sectors auto
 
3.2  变更一下内容
 
[root@lvm ~]# rm -r /mnt/lvm/log
 
[root@lvm ~]# cp -a /boot /lib /sbin /mnt/lvm
 
[root@lvm ~]# ll /mnt/lvm
 
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Dec 15 16:28 boot
 
drwxr-xr-x 105 root root 12288 Mar 11 16:59 etc
 
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Sep 5 2008 lib
 
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Mar 11 16:59 lost+found
 
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12288 Sep 5 2008 sbin
 
[root@lvm ~]# lvdisplay /dev/vg02/snap02
 
--- Logical volume ---
 
LV Name /dev/vg02/snap02
 
VG Name vg02
 
Allocated to snapmnt12.22%
 
 

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