Oracle教程之Oracle管理角色（一）
1、角色的功能：角色（role）是相关权限的集合，使用角色的主要目的是简化权限管理。
建立角色――给角色授权――将角色授予用户/角色
2、查看系统建立的role
09:05:09 SQL> select * from dba_roles;
ROLE PASSWORD
------------------------------ --------
CONNECT NO
RESOURCE NO
DBA NO
SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE NO
EXECUTE_CATALOG_ROLE NO
DELETE_CATALOG_ROLE NO
EXP_FULL_DATABASE NO
IMP_FULL_DATABASE NO
RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER NO
GATHER_SYSTEM_STATISTICS NO
LOGSTDBY_ADMINISTRATOR NO
AQ_ADMINISTRATOR_ROLE NO
AQ_USER_ROLE NO
GLOBAL_AQ_USER_ROLE GLOBAL
SCHEDULER_ADMIN NO
HS_ADMIN_ROLE NO
AUTHENTICATEDUSER NO
ROLE PASSWORD
------------------------------ --------
OEM_ADVISOR NO
OEM_MONITOR NO
WM_ADMIN_ROLE NO
JAVAUSERPRIV NO
JAVAIDPRIV NO
JAVASYSPRIV NO
JAVADEBUGPRIV NO
EJBCLIENT NO
JAVA_ADMIN NO
JAVA_DEPLOY NO
CTXAPP NO
XDBADMIN NO
XDBWEBSERVICES NO
OLAP_DBA NO
OLAP_USER NO
MGMT_USER NO
PLUSTRACE NO
34 rows selected.
3、建立角色（ create role）
SQL> create role pub_role;
Role created.
SQL> create role prv_role identified by oralce;【带口令的，一般非默认角色都应该加上口令，便于分配和管理】
Role created.
4、给角色授权
SQL> grant create session,create table to pub_role;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> grant select on scott.emp to prv_role;
Grant succeeded.
5、查看角色拥有的权限
――SYSTEM PRIVILEGE
SQL> select * from role_sys_privs where role='&name';
Enter value for name: DBA
old 1: select * from role_sys_privs where role='&name'
new 1: select * from role_sys_privs where role='DBA'
ROLE PRIVILEGE ADM
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- ---
DBA CREATE SESSION YES
DBA ALTER SESSION YES
DBA DROP TABLESPACE YES
DBA BECOME USER YES
DBA DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT YES
DBA SELECT ANY TABLE YES
DBA INSERT ANY TABLE YES
DBA UPDATE ANY TABLE YES
...............
DBA READ ANY FILE GROUP YES
DBA CREATE EXTERNAL JOB YES
160 rows selected.
SQL> select * from role_sys_privs where role='&name';
Enter value for name: CONNECT
old 1: select * from role_sys_privs where role='&name'
new 1: select * from role_sys_privs where role='CONNECT'
ROLE PRIVILEGE ADM
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- ---
CONNECT CREATE SESSION NO
SQL> select * from role_sys_privs where role='&name';
Enter value for name: RESOURCE
old 1: select * from role_sys_privs where role='&name'
new 1: select * from role_sys_privs where role='RESOURCE'
――隐含unlimited tablespace 权限（可以在任何一个表空间上拥有配额）
如果将该角色分配给用户，一般都会将该权限收回，在进行表空间配额的分配
ROLE PRIVILEGE ADMIN_OPT
-------------------- ------------------------------ ---------
RESOURCE CREATE SEQUENCE NO
RESOURCE CREATE TRIGGER NO
RESOURCE CREATE CLUSTER NO
RESOURCE CREATE PROCEDURE NO
RESOURCE CREATE TYPE NO
RESOURCE CREATE OPERATOR NO
RESOURCE CREATE TABLE NO
RESOURCE CREATE INDEXTYPE NO
8 rows selected.
SQL> select * from role_sys_privs where role='&name';
Enter value for name: PUB_ROLE
old 1: select * from role_sys_privs where role='&name'
new 1: select * from role_sys_privs where role='PUB_ROLE'
ROLE PRIVILEGE ADMIN_OPT
-------------------- ------------------------------ ---------
PUB_ROLE CREATE TABLE NO
PUB_ROLE CREATE SESSION NO
――OBJECT PRIVILEGE
SQL> COL PRIVILEGE FOR A20
SQL> select * from role_tab_privs where role='&name';
Enter value for name: PRV_ROLE
old 1: select * from role_tab_privs where role='&name'
new 1: select * from role_tab_privs where role='PRV_ROLE'
ROLE OWNER TABLE_NAME COLUMN_NAME PRIVILEGE GRANTABLE
-------------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- -------------------- ---------------
PRV_ROLE SCOTT EMP SELECT NO
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