Silverlight AutoCompleteBox(自动完成输入框控件)使用方法

    
     在微软的Silverlight 开源控件项目“ Silverlight Toolkit”中,提供了一个自动完成输入框控件:AutoCompleteBox。 
     
     该控件的功能就是完成类似于google,或baidu中的搜索输入框的提示(选项)等功能,如下图所示:
     
    
     
     
     下面是AutoCompleteBox的运行效果图:
     
    
     
     
     好的,下面就简要介绍一下这个控件的使用方法:
     
     首先,我们要新创建一个Silverlight的Application项目,然后要准备一个数据源,也就是当我们输入内容时,弹出的下拉列表框(这里就暂且这么说吧)中显示的相似的提示信息,这里为了方便起见,我直接用其源码示例中的硬编码类来表示数据源,当然后面还会介绍如何使用WCF来加载数据源信息,这里先创建一个Employee(雇员信息)类,如下:

Code
public sealed partial class Employee
{
    
public string FirstName getset; }

    
public string LastName getset; }

    
public string DisplayName
    
{
        
get
        
{
            
return FirstName + " " + LastName;
        }

    }


    
public Employee()
    
{
    }

        
    
internal Employee(string firstName, string lastName)
    
{
        FirstName 
= firstName;
        LastName 
= lastName;
    }


    
public override string ToString()
    
{
        
return DisplayName;
    }


    
Sample data#region Sample data

    
public static IEnumerable<Employee> AllExecutives
    
{
        
get
        
{
            
yield return new Employee("Walid""Abu-Hadba");
            
yield return new Employee("J""Allard");
            
yield return new Employee("Klaus""Holse Andersen");
            
yield return new Employee("Nancy""Anderson");
            
yield return new Employee("Brian""Arbogast");
            
yield return new Employee("Orlando""Ayala");
            
yield return new Employee("Robert J.""Bach");
            
yield return new Employee("Martha""Béjar");
            
yield return new Employee("Joe""Belfiore");
            
yield return new Employee("Sue""Bevington");
            
yield return new Employee("Frank H.""Brod");
            
yield return new Employee("Brad""Brooks");
            
yield return new Employee("Lisa""Brummel");
            
yield return new Employee("Tom""Burt");
            
yield return new Employee("Chris""Capossela");
            
yield return new Employee("Scott""Charney");
            
yield return new Employee("Debra""Chrapaty");
            
yield return new Employee("Jean-Philippe""Courtois");
            
yield return new Employee("Alain""Crozier");
            
yield return new Employee("Kurt""DelBene");
            
yield return new Employee("Michael""Delman");
            
yield return new Employee("Joe""DeVaan");
            
yield return new Employee("Gerri""Elliott");
            
yield return new Employee("Stephen""Elop");
            
yield return new Employee("Ben""Fathi");
            
yield return new Employee("Grant""George");
            
yield return new Employee("Tom""Gibbons");
            
yield return new Employee("L. Michael""Golden");
            
yield return new Employee("Alexander""Gounares");
            
yield return new Employee("Steve""Guggenheimer");
            
yield return new Employee("Anoop""Gupta");
            
yield return new Employee("Tony""Hey");
            
yield return new Employee("Yasuyuki""Higuchi");
            
yield return new Employee("Roz""Ho");
            
yield return new Employee("Kathleen""Hogan");
            
yield return new Employee("Frank""Holland");
            
yield return new Employee("Todd""Holmdahl");
            
yield return new Employee("Darren""Huston");
            
yield return new Employee("Rajesh""Jha");
            
yield return new Employee("Chris""Jones");
            
yield return new Employee("Erik""Jorgensen");
            
yield return new Employee("Rich""Kaplan");
            
yield return new Employee("Bob""Kelly");
            
yield return new Employee("Jawad""Khaki");
            
yield return new Employee("Shane""Kim");
            
yield return new Employee("Peter""Klein");
            
yield return new Employee("Mitchell L.""Koch");
            
yield return new Employee("Ted""Kummert");
            
yield return new Employee("Julie""Larson-Green");
            
yield return new Employee("Antoine""Leblond");
            
yield return new Employee("Andrew""Lees");
            
yield return new Employee("John M.""Lervik");
            
yield return new Employee("Lewis""Levin");
            
yield return new Employee("Dan'l""Lewin");
            
yield return new Employee("Moshe""Lichtman");
            
yield return new Employee("Christopher""Liddell");
            
yield return new Employee("Steve""Liffick");
            
yield return new Employee("Brian""MacDonald");
            
yield return new Employee("Ron""Markezich");
            
yield return new Employee("Maria""Martinez");
            
yield return new Employee("Mich""Mathews");
            
yield return new Employee("Don A.""Mattrick");
            
yield return new Employee("Joe""Matz");
            
yield return new Employee("Brian""McAndrews");
            
yield return new Employee("Richard""McAniff");
            
yield return new Employee("Yusuf""Mehdi");
            
yield return new Employee("Jim""Minervino");
            
yield return new Employee("William H.""Mitchell");
            
yield return new Employee("Jens Winther""Moberg");
            
yield return new Employee("Mindy""Mount");
            
yield return new Employee("Bob""Muglia");
            
yield return new Employee("Craig""Mundie");
            
yield return new Employee("Terry""Myerson");
            
yield return new Employee("Satya""Nadella");
            
yield return new Employee("Mike""Nash");
            
yield return new Employee("Peter""Neupert");
            
yield return new Employee("Ray""Ozzie");
            
yield return new Employee("Gurdeep""Singh Pall");
            
yield return new Employee("Michael""Park");
            
yield return new Employee("Umberto""Paolucci");
            
yield return new Employee("Sanjay""Parthasarathy");
            
yield return new Employee("Pamela""Passman");
            
yield return new Employee("Alain""Peracca");
            
yield return new Employee("Todd""Peters");
            
yield return new Employee("Joe""Peterson");
            
yield return new Employee("Marshall C.""Phelps, Jr.");
            
yield return new Employee("Scott""Pitasky");
            
yield return new Employee("Will""Poole");
            
yield return new Employee("Rick""Rashid");
            
yield return new Employee("Tami""Reller");
            
yield return new Employee("J.""Ritchie");
            
yield return new Employee("Enrique""Rodriguez");
            
yield return new Employee("Eduardo""Rosini");
            
yield return new Employee("Jon""Roskill");
            
yield return new Employee("Eric""Rudder");
            
yield return new Employee("John""Schappert");
            
yield return new Employee("Tony""Scott");
            
yield return new Employee("Jeanne""Sheldon");
            
yield return new Employee("Harry""Shum");
            
yield return new Employee("Steven""Sinofsky");
            
yield return new Employee("Brad""Smith");
            
yield return new Employee("Mary E.""Snapp");
            
yield return new Employee("Amitabh""Srivastava");
            
yield return new Employee("Kirill""Tatarinov");
            
yield return new Employee("Jeff""Teper");
            
yield return new Employee("David""Thompson");
            
yield return new Employee("Rick""Thompson");
            
yield return new Employee("Brian""Tobey");
            
yield return new Employee("David""Treadwell");
            
yield return new Employee("B. Kevin""Turner");
            
yield return new Employee("David""Vaskevitch");
            
yield return new Employee("Bill""Veghte");
            
yield return new Employee("Henry P.""Vigil");
            
yield return new Employee("Robert""Wahbe");
            
yield return new Employee("Todd""Warren");
            
yield return new Employee("Allison""Watson");
            
yield return new Employee("Blair""Westlake");
            
yield return new Employee("Simon""Witts");
            
yield return new Employee("Robert""Youngjohns");
            
yield return new Employee("Ya-Qin""Zhang");
            
yield return new Employee("George""Zinn");
        }

    }

    
#endregion

}


public class SampleEmployeeCollection : ObjectCollection
{
    
public SampleEmployeeCollection() : base(Employee.AllExecutives)
    
{}
}



      我们从代码中看到,Employee类的静态属性“AllExecutives”最终被绑定在SampleEmployeeCollection构造方法中。
接着为了能够在XAML文件中使用AutoCompleteBox控件,还需要添加相应的DLL引用(请从下载源码包中获取相应的DLL文件并引用到项目中来),如下图所示:      


    完成了这一步之后,就是将相应的NameSpace添加到XAML的头部,以便于在XAML文件中进行控件定义,如下:
       
xmlns:controls="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Windows.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Windows.Controls"
      
      
    接下来就是引用相应的数据源信息了,如下(SampleEmployeeCollection就是上面CS代码中的雇员信息类):   
  
< UserControl.Resources >
        
< samples:SampleEmployeeCollection  x:Key ="SampleEmployees"   />
</ UserControl.Resources >
    
    这时该轮到AutoCompleteBox“闪亮登场”了:
    
< controls:AutoCompleteBox  x:Name ="autoComplete1"  IsTextCompletionEnabled ="True"  Width ="200"  Height ="25"  Grid.Row ="0"
      Grid.Column
="1"  Margin ="0+0,8+8"  HorizontalAlignment ="Left"   ItemsSource =" {StaticResource SampleEmployees} " />

      
      
    我们运行一下,看看效果怎么样:
    
   
    
    代码很简单,不是吗?下面接着介绍一下上面有关该控件的两个属性:
   
    IsTextCompletionEnabled:该属性为True时,用于将当前被查询到的第一条记录的信息暂时放在控件的输入框中(text属性),上图中已看到。

    ItemsSource:用于绑定相应的数据源信息({StaticResource SampleEmployees})
    
    
    当然如果将该属性设置为False时,则该控件在显示下拉列表时将不在输入框中设置第一条记录信息。这里为了提高一下难度,我们将会自定义一下“提示框”的样式,代码如下(注意其中的AutoCompleteBox.ItemTemplate部分代码):

< controls:AutoCompleteBox  x:Name ="autoComplete2"  IsTextCompletionEnabled ="False"  Width ="200"  Height ="25"  Grid.Row ="1"
   Grid.Column
="1"  Margin ="0+0,8+8"  HorizontalAlignment ="Left"   ItemsSource =" {StaticResource SampleEmployees} " >
   
< controls:AutoCompleteBox.ItemTemplate >
     
< DataTemplate >
         
< Grid  Width ="200" >
             
< Grid.ColumnDefinitions >
                 
< ColumnDefinition  Width ="100"   />
                 
< ColumnDefinition  Width ="100"   />
             
</ Grid.ColumnDefinitions >
             
< TextBlock   HorizontalAlignment ="Left"   Foreground ="Gray"   Text =" {Binding FirstName} "   Grid.Column ="0"    />
             
< TextBlock   HorizontalAlignment ="Left"   Foreground ="Gray"   Text =" {Binding LastName} "   Grid.Column ="1"    />
         
</ Grid >
     
</ DataTemplate >
   
</ controls:AutoCompleteBox.ItemTemplate >
</ controls:AutoCompleteBox >

    该控件的运行效果如下图所示:
    
   
    
    
      当然,该控件的模版方式还支持外部声明定义,并在控件内部进行引用(通过属性ItemTemplate绑定),下面首先是样式模版的定义:    
    
< StackPanel.Resources >
    
< DataTemplate  x:Key ="EmployeeDataTemplate" >
        
< Grid  Width ="200" >
            
< Grid.Background >
                
< SolidColorBrush  Color ="Blue"   />
            
</ Grid.Background >
            
< TextBlock  Foreground ="#22ffffff"   Margin ="0+0,8+8"  FontSize ="14"  Text =" {Binding DisplayName} "   />
            
< StackPanel  HorizontalAlignment ="Right"  Margin ="0+0,8+8" >
                
< TextBlock  HorizontalAlignment ="Right"  Foreground ="White"
                   Text
=" {Binding FirstName} "  Padding ="2"   />
                
< TextBlock  HorizontalAlignment ="Right"  Foreground ="White"
                   FontSize
="12"  Text =" {Binding LastName} "  Padding ="2"   />
            
</ StackPanel >
        
</ Grid >
    
</ DataTemplate >
</ StackPanel.Resources >

    
    下面是将上述模版绑定到当前AutoCompleteBox挖件的声明代码(注意相应的ItemTemplate属性):
      < controls:AutoCompleteBox  x:Name ="ArrivalAirport"
                        MinimumPrefixLength
="1"    SearchMode ="StartsWithCaseSensitive"
                        IsTextCompletionEnabled
="False"
                        Width
="228"  Height ="25"
                        HorizontalAlignment
="Left"  Margin ="0+0,8+8"
                        ItemsSource
=" {StaticResource SampleEmployees} "
                        ItemTemplate
=" {StaticResource EmployeeDataTemplate} "   />

                        
    其运行的效果如下图所示:
    
   
    
    
    当然上面的控件声明代码中又引入了两个重要的属性,即:
    
    SearchMode:查询方式,其提供了对当前已输入字符的查询方式,有如下几种枚举值:
    
           StartsWithCaseSensitive:以大写已输入字符方式开始。
           StartsWith:以已输入字符开始(不区别大小写)。
           Contains:是否包含已输入字符
           ContainsCaseSensitive:是否包含已输入大写字符.
           Equals:是否字符相等
           EqualsCaseSensitive:是否大写字符相等
           .
           
    MinimumPrefixLength:用于当输入的字符串达到该属性值时,才显示下拉列表框。

    
    
    上面所演示的三种情况基本上就可以满足我们的日常开发需要了。当然该控件还提供了不少事件,方法属性,来提供更高级的使用方式:

    1.对已输入的数据信息进行下拉列表数据自定义的事件。比如该控件提供了Populating来进行相应处理,比如我们在XAML中定义如下代码:

< controls:AutoCompleteBox  x:Name ="NowAutoComplete"  SearchMode ="None"  Width ="200"  Height ="25"  Grid.Column ="1"
       IsTextCompletionEnabled
="True"  Grid.Row ="3"  HorizontalAlignment ="Left"  Margin ="0+0,0+12"   />

       
    然后在后台的CS代码中进行下面的事件绑定:   
     
    NowAutoComplete.Populating  +=  OnPopulatingSynchronous;
     
    其相应的事件处理代码如下:
    
      private   void  OnPopulatingSynchronous( object  sender, PopulatingEventArgs e)
        {
            AutoCompleteBox source 
=  (AutoCompleteBox)sender;

            source.ItemsSource 
=   new   string []
            {
                e.Parameter 
+   " 后续内容1 " ,
                e.Parameter 
+   " 后续内容2 " ,
                e.Parameter 
+   " 后续内容3 " ,
            };           
        }

        
     这时我们运行一下看看效果:
    
  

   2.在其它控件(Datagrid)中嵌入该控件,代码如下(注意controls:AutoCompleteBox部分):
   
< data:DataGrid  x:Name ="MyDataGrid"  AutoGenerateColumns ="False"  Grid.Column ="1"  Width ="290"  Grid.Row ="5"
    Margin
="0+0,0+8"  ItemsSource =" {StaticResource SampleEmployees} " >
    
< data:DataGrid.Columns >
        
< data:DataGridTemplateColumn  Header ="DisplayName" >
            
< data:DataGridTemplateColumn.CellEditingTemplate >
                
< DataTemplate >
                    
< controls:AutoCompleteBox  HorizontalAlignment ="Left"  Width ="180"  IsTabStop ="True"
                            ItemsSource
=" {StaticResource SampleEmployees} "
                            Text
=" {Binding DisplayName, Mode=TwoWay} " />
                
</ DataTemplate >
            
</ data:DataGridTemplateColumn.CellEditingTemplate >
        
</ data:DataGridTemplateColumn >
        
< data:DataGridTextColumn  Binding =" {Binding FirstName} "  Header ="FirstName"   />
    
</ data:DataGrid.Columns >
</ data:DataGrid >

    
    
    其运行如下图所示:
    
   
    
    
    
    最后,我们将话题深入一下,看看如何使用wcf来获取相应的下拉列表数据项。当然这里还是用到了之前讲过的事件“Populating”,不过之前我们还要先创建一个silverlight wcf,如下:

  
    
    当然,我们在WCF端还是用到了之前创建的Employee类文件(当然为了避免冲突改名为:EmployeeInfo)。另外在服务方法上使用下面代码来实现数据访问:

[ServiceContract(Namespace  =   "" )]
 [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode 
=  AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)]
 
public   class  AutoCompletedService
 {
     [OperationContract]
     
public  List < EmployeeInfo >  GetEmployeeCollection( string  name)
     {
         List
< EmployeeInfo >  EmpolyeeList  =   new  List < EmployeeInfo > ();
         
foreach  (EmployeeInfo ei  in  (from employeeinfo  in  EmployeeInfo.AllExecutives
                                      
where  employeeinfo.DisplayName.StartsWith(name)
                                      select employeeinfo))
         {
             EmpolyeeList.Add(ei);
         }
         
return  EmpolyeeList;
     }
 }   

    
    
    通过添加WEB服务引用的方式,系统会为我们创建相应的代码类文件,这里就不多说了。下面是Silverlight端的程序代码:

void  Page_Loaded( object  sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    WCFAutoComplete.IsTextCompletionEnabled 
=   false ;

    WCFAutoComplete.SearchMode 
=  AutoCompleteSearchMode.None;
    WCFAutoComplete.Populating 
+=  (s, args)  =>
    {
        args.Cancel 
=   true ;
        AutoCompletedServiceClient acsc 
=   new  AutoCompletedServiceClient();
        acsc.GetEmployeeCollectionCompleted 
+=   new  EventHandler < GetEmployeeCollectionCompletedEventArgs >
                                                    (acsc_GetEmployeeCollectionCompleted);
        acsc.GetEmployeeCollectionAsync(args.Parameter, s);
    };
}


    相应的返回数据事件处理代码如下:
    
void  acsc_GetEmployeeCollectionCompleted( object  sender, GetEmployeeCollectionCompletedEventArgs e)
{
    AutoCompleteBox acb 
=  e.UserState  as  AutoCompleteBox;
    
if  (acb  !=   null   &&  e.Error  ==   null   &&   ! e.Cancelled)
    {      
        
if  (e.Result.Count  >   0 )
        {
            List
< string >  employeeStrList  =   new  List < string > ();
            
foreach (EmployeeInfo employeeinfo  in  e.Result)
            {
                employeeStrList.Add(employeeinfo.FirstName 
+   "   "   +  employeeinfo.LastName);
            }
            acb.ItemsSource 
=  employeeStrList;
            acb.PopulateComplete();
        }
    }
}



    运行时的效果如下图所示:
   

    当然这里会有一个问题,就是当我对上面的代码“acb.ItemsSource = employeeStrList;”换成:
“acb.ItemsSource = e.Result;”之后,会出现在下面列表中显示的数据是该类的类型type信息,我想这可能是该控件的一个BUG,即在异步情况下进行数据(源)绑定时信息类型不正确。当然如果您知道是什么问题并有解决方案的话,不妨通过我,这里表示感谢了。


    好了,今天的内容就先到这里了,源码下载,请 点击这里。
    
    原文链接: [url]http://www.cnblogs.com/daizhj/archive/2008/12/15/1355469.html[/url]

    作者: daizhj, 代震军

    Tags: silverlight,autocompletebox,自动完成输入框

    网址: [url]http://daizhj.cnblogs.com/[/url]
    
    
    参考文档: AutoCompleteBox control: The missing guide   

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