ORACLE 控制文件丢失、损坏 修复方法 二种 ERIKXUE 薛忠权

恢复方法:

1.将镜像的文件恢复

2.使用老的控制文件恢复

3.建立新的 (日志是好的)

4.建立新的 resetlogs (没有日志)

控制文件的备份

1.文本格式

alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/u01/oracle/ctl.sql';

2.二进制格式

alter database backup controlfile to '/u01/oracle/ctl.ctl'

一、noresetlogs 建立控制文件  

两种备份方式

1.trace

追踪文件位置在 udump 下,也可以加 as子句 自定义存储位置

alter database backup controlfile to trace [as '/PATH/file.sql'];

udump内的文件名

SQL> select value||'/'||instance_name||'_ora_'||spid||'.trc' from v$process p,v$session s,v$parameter,v$instance where p.addr=s.paddr and sid=(select sid from v$mystat where rownum=1) and name='user_dump_dest';

VALUE||'/'||INSTANCE_NAME||'_ORA_'||SPID||'.TRC'

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/u01/oracle/admin/ora10g/udump/s254_ora_2774.trc

SQL>

重建控制文件

SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;

Database altered.

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------

/erikxue/control01.ctl

/erikxue/control02.ctl

/erikxue/control03.ctl

SQL> ! cp /u01/oracle/admin/ora10g/udump/s254_ora_2774.trc /erikxue/control01.ctl

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

ERROR:

ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE

alter system switch logfile

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel

SQL> conn / as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes

Fixed Size    1218992 bytes

Variable Size   79693392 bytes

Database Buffers  201326592 bytes

Redo Buffers    2973696 bytes

ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA10G" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG

   MAXLOGFILES 16

   MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

   MAXDATAFILES 100

   MAXINSTANCES 8

   MAXLOGHISTORY 292

LOGFILE

 GROUP 1 '/erikxue/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M,

 GROUP 2 '/erikxue/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M,

 GROUP 3 '/erikxue/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M

-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE

 '/erikxue/system01.dbf',

 '/erikxue/undotbs01.dbf',

 '/erikxue/sysaux01.dbf',

 '/erikxue/users01.dbf',

 '/erikxue/mytbs01.dbf'

CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

;

Control file created.

SQL> alter database open;

alter database open

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/erikxue/system01.dbf'

SQL> recover database;

Media recovery complete.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/erikxue/temp01.dbf'

 2       SIZE 20971520  REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF;

Tablespace altered.

SQL>

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第二种 resetlogs 建立控制文件

情景描述:

控制文件有文本备份

数据文件一致

控制文件和redo文件丢失

控制文件可以使用备份信息新建

没有redo 所以要resetlogs建立控制文件

resetlogs会使数据库重新建立redo文件

resetlogs后一定要重新备份数据库

先备份控制文件 文本格式

SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/u01/oracle/ctl.sql';

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$controlfile;

STATUS   NAME      IS_ BLOCK_SIZE FILE_SIZE_BLKS

---------- -------------------------------------------------- --- ---------- --------------

  /erikxue/control01.ctl      NO       16384450

  /erikxue/control02.ctl      NO       16384450

  /erikxue/control03.ctl      NO       16384450

SQL> select * from v$logfile;

   GROUP# STATUS     TYPE    MEMBER    IS_

---------- ---------- ------- --------------------------------------------- ---

3      ONLINE  /erikxue/redo03.log    NO

2      ONLINE  /erikxue/redo02.log    NO

1      ONLINE  /erikxue/redo01.log    NO

一致停库

SQL> shut immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL>

删除redo和control文件

SQL> ! rm /erikxue/redo*

SQL> ! rm /erikxue/contro*

SQL>

启动数据库 没有控制文件 只能到nomount 报205

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes

Fixed Size    1218992 bytes

Variable Size   83887696 bytes

Database Buffers  197132288 bytes

Redo Buffers    2973696 bytes

ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

SQL>

拿备份的文本中 使用resetlog模式创建控制文件  resetlog会在open时重建redo

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA10G" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG

   MAXLOGFILES 16

   MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

   MAXDATAFILES 100

   MAXINSTANCES 8

   MAXLOGHISTORY 292

LOGFILE

 GROUP 1 '/erikxue/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M,

 GROUP 2 '/erikxue/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M,

 GROUP 3 '/erikxue/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M

DATAFILE

 '/erikxue/system01.dbf',

 '/erikxue/undotbs01.dbf',

 '/erikxue/sysaux01.dbf',

 '/erikxue/users01.dbf',

 '/erikxue/mytbs01.dbf',

 '/erikxue/ind_tbs01.dbf',

 '/erikxue/wb.dbf'

CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

;

Control file created.

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS

----------

MOUNTED

SQL> 控制文件已建好 日志文件会在open时重新创建

SQL> ! ls /erikxue/control*

/erikxue/control01.ctl  /erikxue/control02.ctl  /erikxue/control03.ctl

SQL> ! ls /erikxue/redo*

ls: /erikxue/redo*: 没有那个文件或目录

SQL>

因为数据文件是一致的.所以不需要恢复

SQL> select name,FUZZY,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,CHECKPOINT_COUNT from  v$datafile_header;

NAME   FUZ CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_COUNT

-------------------------------------------------- --- ------------------ ----------------

/erikxue/system01.dbf   NO  1079164       247

/erikxue/undotbs01.dbf   NO  1079164       207

/erikxue/sysaux01.dbf   NO  1079164       244

/erikxue/users01.dbf   NO  1079164       257

/erikxue/mytbs01.dbf   NO  1079164       120

/erikxue/ind_tbs01.dbf   NO  107916454

/erikxue/wb.dbf   NO  107916411

7 rows selected.

SQL>

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL>

SQL> ! ls /erikxue/redo*

/erikxue/redo01.log  /erikxue/redo02.log  /erikxue/redo03.log

SQL>  

ERIKXUE 薛忠权