ospf学习笔记-7种状态

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DOWN   状态
[r3]ospf
[r3-ospf-1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 11.0.0[1D [1D[1D [1D[1D [1D1.1.0 0.0.0.255
*0.5648030 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1     
*0.5648030 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5  Hello  Vers: 2  Len: 44
*0.5648030 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xfa9c
*0.5648031 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF
*0.5648031 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Hello Int: 10   Options: <Externals>
*0.5648031 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Pri: 1    DeadInt: 40   DR: 0.0.0.0         BDR: 0.0.0.0   hello 报文      
 
 
*0.5648031 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5648032 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5  Hello  Vers: 2  Len: 44
*0.5648032 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xfa9c
*0.5648032 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
*0.5648090 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Hello Int: 10   Options: <Externals>
*0.5648290 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Pri: 1    DeadInt: 40   DR: 0.0.0.0         BDR: 0.0.0.0       
 
以上两个报文是 Ospf 初始状态。当 R2 收到这个 hello 报文之后立即进入 one-way 状态,因为 R2 R1 hello 报文里没有看到它自己《 RID 》,所以他它向 R1 回复 hello 报文并携带自己的信息
 
 
 
*0.5648440 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5648590 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5  Hello  Vers: 2  Len: 48
*0.5648640 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xea92
*0.5648690 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000  OSPF
*0.5648790 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Hello Int: 10   Options: <Externals>
*0.5648790 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Pri: 1    DeadInt: 40   DR: 11.1.1.1        BDR: 0.0.0.0       
*0.5648890 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Attached routers:    1.1.1.1     hello 报文    
 
这个报文表示 R1 在收到 R2 hello 报文之后立即进入 two-way 状态,这个 hello 分组说明 R2 已经看见 R1 hello 分组。 R2 的路由器 ID 要大一些,所以他就选择自己做 DR
 
*0.5648890 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5649050 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.1  Database Description  Vers: 2  Len: 32
*0.5649150 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xe3c4
*0.5649200 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF
*0.5649300 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Flags <I M MS>OSPF SENT  Options: <Externals> seq:     1610         DD 报文
 
 
 
*0.5649400 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1  
*0.5649450 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.2  Database Description  Vers: 2  Len: 32
*0.5649550 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xee89
*0.5649650 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000   OSPF
*0.5649650 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Flags <I M MS>OSPF RECV  Options: <Externals> seq:      949         DD 报文
 
 
*0.5649800 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5649910 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.1  Database Description  Vers: 2  Len: 52
*0.5650010 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0x225f
*0.5650060 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000   OSPF
*0.5650160 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Flags <>OSPF SENT  Options: <Externals> seq:      949
*0.5650210 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT  Router     Id: 1.1.1.1          AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1          Age: 0
*0.5650310 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Len:  36  Seq #: 80000002  Checksum: 0x29f4
*0.5650410 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Options:(DC)    携带 LSA 头的 DD 报文
 
 
 
以上三个报文,是 OSPF exstart 状态的建立以及到 exchange 状态的过渡。在这个过程中,前两个 DD 报文不携带 LSA 头,只有序列号,在模仿了 TCP 的三次握手之后,选举出主从设备,有着最大 RID 的路由器将会成为主设备。在最后一个 DD 报文中,它携带了 LSA 头,从 exstart 状态过渡到 exchange 状态。
 
*0.5650510 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5650610 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.2  Database Description  Vers: 2  Len: 32
*0.5650660 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xee89
*0.5650770 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000   OSPF
*0.5650820 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Flags <I M MS>OSPF RECV  Options: <Externals> seq:      949     DD 报文
 
这个报文时主设备给 R1 DD 报文的一个确认。
 
*0.5650920 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5651020 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.1  Database Description  Vers: 2  Len: 52
*0.5651120 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0x225f
*0.5651220 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000   OSPF
*0.5651220 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Flags <>OSPF SENT  Options: <Externals> seq:      949
*0.5651320 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT  Router     Id: 1.1.1.1          AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1          Age: 0
*0.5651420 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Len:  36  Seq #: 80000002  Checksum: 0x29f4
*0.5651520 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Options:(DC)     携带 LSA 头的 DD 报文
 
 
*0.5651580 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5651680 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.2  Database Description  Vers: 2  Len: 52
*0.5651730 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0x6de3
*0.5651830 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000     OSPF
*0.5651930 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Flags <MS>OSPF RECV  Options: <Externals> seq:      94a
*0.5652030 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router     Id: 2.2.2.2          AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2          Age: 42
*0.5652080 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Len:  36  Seq #: 80000004  Checksum: 0xd83b
*0.5652180 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Options:(DC)       携带 LSA 头的 DD 报文
 
 
*0.5652280 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5652280 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.1  Database Description  Vers: 2  Len: 32
*0.5652390 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xf091
*0.5652490 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000   OSPF
*0.5652590 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Flags <>OSPF SENT  Options: <Externals> seq:      94a     DD 报文
 
 
 
以上的报文就是 OSPF exchange 状态的过程,在交换状态中,路由器通过 DBD 分组描述它的整个链路状态数据库,每个 DBD 序列号都被明白的确认。当 DD 报文里面的 M 比特被设置为 0 的时候,这表示设备没有更多的数据要传送了,这是所有路由器交换完数据库的一个标志。
 
 
*0.5652640 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5652740 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.1  Link State Request  Vers: 2  Len: 36
*0.5652840 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xf3cd
*0.5652940 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000   OSPF
*0.5652941 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT  Router     Id: 2.2.2.2    AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2  LSR 报文       
 
 
*0.5653043 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5653140 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.2  Link State Request  Vers: 2  Len: 36
*0.5653250 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xf5cf
*0.5653350 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000    OSPF
*0.5653400 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router     Id: 1.1.1.1   AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1    LSR 报文
 
 
*0.5653500 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1  
*0.5653600 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.1  Link State Update  Vers: 2  Len: 64
*0.5653650 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0x1f94
*0.5653750 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000
*0.5653850 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Advertisement count: 1  
*0.5653900 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT  Router     Id: 1.1.1.1          AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1          Age: 1
*0.5654000 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Len:  36  Seq #: 80000002  Checksum: 0x29f4
*0.5654110 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Options:(DC)
*0.5654160 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         StubNet   ID: 11.1.1.0         Data: 255.255.255.0   metric: 1   
 
 
*0.5654260 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5654310 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.2  Link State Update  Vers: 2  Len: 64
*0.5654410 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0x6b1a
*0.5654510 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000
*0.5654560 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Advertisement count: 1  
*0.5654660 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router     Id: 2.2.2.2          AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2          Age: 43
*0.5654760 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Len:  36  Seq #: 80000004  Checksum: 0xd83b
*0.5654810 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Options:(DC)
*0.5654920 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        StubNet   ID: 11.1.1.0         Data: 255.255.255.0   metric: 1   
 
 
*0.5654970 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5655070 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5  Link State Update  Vers: 2  Len: 96
*0.5655170 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xc7c5
*0.5655220 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000
*0.5655320 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Advertisement count: 2  
*0.5655370 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router     Id: 2.2.2.2          AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2          Age: 1
*0.5655470 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Len:  36  Seq #: 80000005  Checksum: 0x7292
*0.5655570 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Options:(DC)
*0.5655620 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        TransNet  ID: 11.1.1.1         Data: 11.1.1.1        metric: 1  
*0.5655730 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Net       Id: 11.1.1.1         AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2          Age: 1
*0.5655780 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Len:  32  Seq #: 80000001  Checksum: 0x47d2
*0.5655880 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Options:(DC)
*0.5655980 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Mask: 255.255.255.0
*0.5656030 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Attached router: 2.2.2.2
*0.5656130 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Attached router: 1.1.1.1
 
 
*0.5656230 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5656280 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5  Link State Ack  Vers: 2  Len: 64
*0.5656380 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0x8323
*0.5656480 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000
*0.5656540 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT  Net       Id: 11.1.1.1         AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2          Age: 1
*0.5656640 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Len:  32  Seq #: 80000001  Checksum: 0x47d2
*0.5656641 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Options:(DC)
*0.5656740 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT  Router     Id: 2.2.2.2          AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2          Age: 43
*0.5656741 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Len:  36  Seq #: 80000004  Checksum: 0xd83b
*0.5656890 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Options:(DC)
 
 
*0.5656940 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5657040 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5  Link State Ack  Vers: 2  Len: 44
*0.5657140 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0x2baa
*0.5657190 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000
*0.5657300 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router     Id: 1.1.1.1          AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1          Age: 1
*0.5657400 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Len:  36  Seq #: 80000002  Checksum: 0x29f4
*0.5657450 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Options:(DC)
 
 
*0.5657550 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5657650 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5  Link State Update  Vers: 2  Len: 64
*0.5657650 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0x6d46
*0.5657750 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000
*0.5657850 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Advertisement count: 1  
*0.5657900 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT  Router     Id: 1.1.1.1          AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1          Age: 1
*0.5658000 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Len:  36  Seq #: 80000003  Checksum: 0xd03d
*0.5658110 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Options:(DC)
*0.5658210 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         TransNet  ID: 11.1.1.1         Data: 11.1.1.2        metric: 1
  
*0.5658211 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5658310 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.2  Link State Update  Vers: 2  Len: 64
*0.5658410 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xc4e5
*0.5658510 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000
*0.5658560 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Advertisement count: 1  
*0.5658610 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router     Id: 2.2.2.2          AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2          Age: 6
*0.5658710 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Len:  36  Seq #: 80000005  Checksum: 0x7292
*0.5658810 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Options:(DC)
*0.5658870 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        TransNet  ID: 11.1.1.1         Data: 11.1.1.1        metric: 1  
 
 
*0.5658970 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5659020 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5  Link State Ack  Vers: 2  Len: 44
*0.5659120 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0x855f
*0.5659220 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000
*0.5659320 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router     Id: 1.1.1.1          AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1          Age: 1
*0.5659370 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Len:  36  Seq #: 80000003  Checksum: 0xd03d
*0.5659470 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV        Options:(DC)
*0.5659570 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5659620 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5  Link State Ack  Vers: 2  Len: 44
*0.5659730 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xe101
*0.5659780 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000
*0.5659880 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT  Router     Id: 2.2.2.2          AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2          Age: 6
*0.5659930 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Len:  36  Seq #: 80000005  Checksum: 0x7292
*0.5660030 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT         Options:(DC)
 
 
以上这些报文时 OSPF loading 状态,在这个状态里完成了三种 OSPF 报文类型的交互。分别是 LSR,LSU,LSAck 然而 LSR, 的报文都是通过单播发送的,LSU即有单播发送又有组播发送。只有 LSAck 的报文时通过组播发送的。在 LSU 的更新报文里面看到了两种 LSA 的类型,即一类 LSA, 和二类 LSA 。而 LOADING 状态完成的同时,也就进入了 OSPF full 状态。即全部完成了 OSPF 的七种状态。
 
 
*0.5660130 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5660230 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5  Hello  Vers: 2  Len: 48
*0.5660230 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xde8f
*0.5660330 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000
*0.5660430 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Hello Int: 10   Options: <Externals>
*0.5660540 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Pri: 1    DeadInt: 40   DR: 11.1.1.1        BDR: 11.1.1.2      
*0.5660590 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Attached routers:     2.2.2.2        
*0.5660690 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1   
*0.5660790 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5  Hello  Vers: 2  Len: 48
*0.5660790 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2  Area: 0.0.0.0  Checksum: 0xde8f
*0.5660890 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000
*0.5660990 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Hello Int: 10   Options: <Externals>
*0.5661040 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Pri: 1    DeadInt: 40   DR: 11.1.1.1        BDR: 11.1.1.2      
*0.5661140 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Attached routers:     1.1.1.1        
 
 
 
在完成七种状态之后,路由器之间只发送 HELLO 报文来维持邻居关系。
 
                                                                                                          2009.3.27 
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