在xen下新建一个windows虚拟机

1.申请磁盘空间

dd if=/dev/zero of=./Win7.img bs=1M count=20480

dd if=/dev/zero of=./Windisk.img bs=1M count=10240

具体要几个硬盘根据需要新建。

2.上传ISO镜像，上传windows的安装镜像到服务器。

请确保上传的镜像是有效地，一开始我上传了一个镜像，一直不能成功安装虚拟机，后来重新制作了一个iso（物理光盘是一样的），就可以了。

3.建立虚拟机

virt-install -n win7 --file=Win7.img --file=Windisk.img --vnc -v -c /share/nfs02/309www/win7.iso
 -r 1024 --vcpus=1

virt-install 建立虚拟机的命令
-n 虚拟机的命名
--file 虚拟机的磁盘文件
--vnc 使用VNC终端连接方式
-r 虚拟机的内存容量
--vcpus 虚拟机的CPU数量
-v 可视
-c 安装镜像的路径

 

4.编写配置文件

1）拷贝一个系统的配置文件模板 #cp /etc/xen/xmexmple.hvm ./windows.hvm
2）修改windows.hvm文件以下相关项：
name = “ win7"      #自己取个名字
vif = [  'type=ioemu, bridge=br1' ]

disk = [ 'file:/share/nfs02/309www/Win7.img,ioemu:hda,w'

,'file:/share/nfs02/309www/Windisk.img,ioemu:hdb,w'#具体需要几个硬盘根据需要挂载。

, 'file:/share/nfs02/309www/win7.iso,hdc:cdrom,r']       #前面一个是虚拟硬盘的位置，后面一个是iso安装文件所在位置，根据实际位置修改

3）boot=cd                #设置默认系统启动位置 CD-ROM（d）  hard-disk（c）
4）vncconsole=1       #类似xm cr -c 中的-c功能，使系统启动之后自动通过vnc连接到虚拟机窗口
5）usbdevice='tablet'   #据说是可以去除跟随鼠标的那个悲剧的点的，不过有的时候有效，有的时候没 － －

5.启动 xm create windows.hvm

如果没有设置vncconsole=1这个项，我们也可以通过vncviewer 127.0.0.1:5900来连接我们启动的虚拟机窗口（5900是一个端口号，可能会变，可以通过xm list -l domid | grep location 获取端口号）

 也可以通过  xm vncviewer 

6.安装windows.也可以在建立镜像是完成。

7.修改启动项，从硬盘启动。

安装完后，每次启动都要到光盘项，很麻烦，修改配置文件windows.hvm，将disk项改为disk = [ 'file:/home/wq/image/pv/hvm/vmdisk.img,ioemu:hda,w' ]，boot=c

• 可以通过xm

xm vncviewer win7 启动vnc到指定虚拟机。"win7"是虚拟机的名字。

 

ps:这是我的配置文件

[html] view plaincopyprint?

#  -*- mode: python; -*-
#============================================================================
# Python configuration setup for 'xm create'.
# This script sets the parameters used when a domain is created using 'xm create'.
# You use a separate script for each domain you want to create, or
# you can set the parameters for the domain on the xm command line.
#============================================================================

import os, re
arch = os.uname()[4]
if re.search('64', arch):
    arch_libdir = 'lib64'
else:
    arch_libdir = 'lib'

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Kernel image file.
kernel = "/usr/lib/xen/boot/hvmloader"

# The domain build function. HVM domain uses 'hvm'.
builder='hvm'

# Initial memory allocation (in megabytes) for the new domain.
#
# WARNING: Creating a domain with insufficient memory may cause out of
#          memory errors. The domain needs enough memory to boot kernel
#          and modules. Allocating less than 32MBs is not recommended.
memory = 1024

# Shadow pagetable memory for the domain, in MB.
# If not explicictly set, xend will pick an appropriate value.
# Should be at least 2KB per MB of domain memory, plus a few MB per vcpu.
# shadow_memory = 8

# A name for your domain. All domains must have different names.
name = "win7"

# 128-bit UUID for the domain.  The default behavior is to generate a new UUID
# on each call to 'xm create'.
#uuid = "06ed00fe-1162-4fc4-b5d8-11993ee4a8b9"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The number of cpus guest platform has, default=1
#vcpus=1

# Enable/disable HVM guest PAE, default=1 (enabled)
#pae=1

# Enable/disable HVM guest ACPI, default=1 (enabled)
#acpi=1

# Enable/disable HVM APIC mode, default=1 (enabled)
# Note that this option is ignored if vcpus > 1
#apic=1

# List of which CPUS this domain is allowed to use, default Xen picks
#cpus = ""         # leave to Xen to pick
#cpus = "0"        # all vcpus run on CPU0
#cpus = "0-3,5,^1" # all vcpus run on cpus 0,2,3,5
#cpus = ["2", "3"] # VCPU0 runs on CPU2, VCPU1 runs on CPU3

# Optionally define mac and/or bridge for the network interfaces.
# Random MACs are assigned if not given.
#vif = [ 'type=ioemu, mac=00:16:3e:00:00:11, bridge=xenbr0, model=ne2k_pci' ]
# type=ioemu specify the NIC is an ioemu device not netfront
vif = [ 'type=ioemu,mac=00:16:3e:3f:45:8f, bridge=br0' ]

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Define the disk devices you want the domain to have access to, and
# what you want them accessible as.
# Each disk entry is of the form phy:UNAME,DEV,MODE
# where UNAME is the device, DEV is the device name the domain will see,
# and MODE is r for read-only, w for read-write.

#disk = [ 'phy:hda1,hda1,r' ]
disk = [ 'file:/share/nfs02/309www/Win7.img,hda,w',
     'file:/share/nfs02/309www/Windisk.img,hdb,w',
     'file:/share/nfs02/309www/win7.iso,hdc:cdrom,r' ]

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Configure the behaviour when a domain exits.  There are three 'reasons'
# for a domain to stop: poweroff, reboot, and crash.  For each of these you
# may specify:
#
#   "destroy",        meaning that the domain is cleaned up as normal;
#   "restart",        meaning that a new domain is started in place of the old
#                     one;
#   "preserve",       meaning that no clean-up is done until the domain is
#                     manually destroyed (using xm destroy, for example); or
#   "rename-restart", meaning that the old domain is not cleaned up, but is
#                     renamed and a new domain started in its place.
#
# In the event a domain stops due to a crash, you have the additional options:
#
#   "coredump-destroy", meaning dump the crashed domain's core and then destroy;
#   "coredump-restart', meaning dump the crashed domain's core and the restart.
#
# The default is
#
#   on_poweroff = 'destroy'
#   on_reboot   = 'restart'
#   on_crash    = 'restart'
#
# For backwards compatibility we also support the deprecated option restart
#
# restart = 'onreboot' means on_poweroff = 'destroy'
#                            on_reboot   = 'restart'
#                            on_crash    = 'destroy'
#
# restart = 'always'   means on_poweroff = 'restart'
#                            on_reboot   = 'restart'
#                            on_crash    = 'restart'
#
# restart = 'never'    means on_poweroff = 'destroy'
#                            on_reboot   = 'destroy'
#                            on_crash    = 'destroy'

#on_poweroff = 'destroy'
#on_reboot   = 'restart'
#on_crash    = 'restart'

#============================================================================

# Device Model to be used
device_model = '/usr/' + arch_libdir + '/xen/bin/qemu-dm'

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c), Network (n) or CD-ROM (d)
# default: hard disk, cd-rom, floppy
#boot="cda"
boot="dc"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#  write to temporary files instead of disk image files
#snapshot=1

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# enable SDL library for graphics, default = 0
sdl=0

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# enable OpenGL for texture rendering inside the SDL window, default = 1
# valid only if sdl is enabled.
opengl=1

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# enable VNC library for graphics, default = 1
vnc=1

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# address that should be listened on for the VNC server if vnc is set.
# default is to use 'vnc-listen' setting from /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp
#vnclisten="127.0.0.1"

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# set VNC display number, default = domid
#vncdisplay=1

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# try to find an unused port for the VNC server, default = 1
#vncunused=1

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# set password for domain's VNC console
# default is depents on vncpasswd in xend-config.sxp
vncpasswd=''

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# no graphics, use serial port
#nographic=0

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# enable stdvga, default = 0 (use cirrus logic device model)
stdvga=0

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#   serial port re-direct to pty deivce, /dev/pts/n
#   then xm console or minicom can connect
serial='pty'


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#   Qemu Monitor, default is disable
#   Use ctrl-alt-2 to connect
#monitor=1


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#   enable sound card support, [sb16|es1370|all|..,..], default none
#soundhw='sb16'


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#    set the real time clock to local time [default=0 i.e. set to utc]
#localtime=1


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#    set the real time clock offset in seconds [default=0 i.e. same as dom0]
#rtc_timeoffset=3600

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#    start in full screen
#full-screen=1


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#   Enable USB support (specific devices specified at runtime through the
#           monitor window)
#usb=1

#   Enable USB mouse support (only enable one of the following, `mouse' for
#                 PS/2 protocol relative mouse, `tablet' for
#                 absolute mouse)
#usbdevice='mouse'
#usbdevice='tablet'

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#   Set keyboard layout, default is en-us keyboard.
#keymap='ja'

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#   Configure guest CPUID responses:
#
#cpuid=[ '1:ecx=xxxxxxxxxxx00xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx,
#           eax=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx' ]
# - Unset the SSE4 features (CPUID.1[ECX][20-19])
# - Default behaviour for all other bits in ECX And EAX registers.
#
# Each successive character represent a lesser-significant bit:
#  '1' -> force the corresponding bit to 1
#  '0' -> force to 0
#  'x' -> Get a safe value (pass through and mask with the default policy)
#  'k' -> pass through the host bit value
#  's' -> as 'k' but preserve across save/restore and migration
#
#   Expose to the guest multi-core cpu instead of multiple processors
# Example for intel, expose a 8-core processor :
#cpuid=['1:edx=xxx1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx,
#          ebx=xxxxxxxx00010000xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx',
#     '4,0:eax=001111xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx']
#  - CPUID.1[EDX][HT] : Enable HT
#  - CPUID.1[EBX] : Number of vcpus * 2
#  - CPUID.4,0[EAX] : Number of vcpus * 2 - 1
#vcpus=8
#
# Example for amd, expose a 5-core processor :
# cpuid = ['1:ebx=xxxxxxxx00001010xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx,
#             edx=xxx1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx',
# '0x80000001:ecx=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx1x',
# '0x80000008:ecx=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx001001']
#   - CPUID.1[EBX] : Threads per Core * Cores per Socket (2 * #vcpus)
#   - CPUID.1[EDX][HT] : Enable HT
#   - CPUID.0x80000001[CmpLegacy] : Use legacy method
#   - CPUID.0x80000008[ECX] : #vcpus * 2 - 1
#vcpus=5
#
#  Downgrade the cpuid to make a better compatibility for migration :
# Look like a generic 686 :
# cpuid = [ '0:eax=0x3,ebx=0x0,ecx=0x0,edx=0x0',
#           '1:eax=0x06b1,
#              ecx=xxxxxxxxxx0000xx00xxx0000000xx0,
#              edx=xx00000xxxxxxx0xxxxxxxxx0xxxxxx',
#           '4:eax=0x3,ebx=0x0,ecx=0x0,edx=0x0',
#  '0x80000000:eax=0x3,ebx=0x0,ecx=0x0,edx=0x0']
#  with the highest leaf
#  - CPUID.0[EAX] : Set the highest leaf
#  - CPUID.1[EAX] : 686
#  - CPUID.1[ECX] : Mask some features
#  - CPUID.1[EDX] : Mask some features
#  - CPUID.4 : Reply like the highest leaf, in our case CPUID.3
#  - CPUID.0x80000000 : No extension we are on a Pentium III, reply like the
#  highest leaf (CPUID.3).
#
#   Configure host CPUID consistency checks, which must be satisfied for this
#   VM to be allowed to run on this host's processor type:
#cpuid_check=[ '1:ecx=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx1xxxxx' ]
# - Host must have VMX feature flag set
#
# The format is similar to the above for 'cpuid':
#  '1' -> the bit must be '1'
#  '0' -> the bit must be '0'
#  'x' -> we don't care (do not check)
#  's' -> the bit must be the same as on the host that started this VM


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#   Configure PVSCSI devices:
#
#vscsi=[ 'PDEV, VDEV' ]
#
#   PDEV   gives physical SCSI device to be attached to specified guest
#          domain by one of the following identifier format.
#          - XX:XX:XX:XX (4-tuples with decimal notation which shows
#                          "host:channel:target:lun")
#          - /dev/sdxx or sdx
#          - /dev/stxx or stx
#          - /dev/sgxx or sgx
#          - result of 'scsi_id -gu -s'.
#            ex. # scsi_id -gu -s /block/sdb
#                  36000b5d0006a0000006a0257004c0000
#
#   VDEV   gives virtual SCSI device by 4-tuples (XX:XX:XX:XX) as
#          which the specified guest domain recognize.
#

#vscsi = [ '/dev/sdx, 0:0:0:0' ]