图片处理工具类

package com.my;

import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.Transparency;
import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.AffineTransformOp;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.ColorConvertOp;
import java.awt.image.ColorModel;
import java.awt.image.ComponentColorModel;
import java.awt.image.CropImageFilter;
import java.awt.image.DataBuffer;
import java.awt.image.FilteredImageSource;
import java.awt.image.ImageFilter;
import java.awt.image.IndexColorModel;
import java.awt.image.RenderedImage;
import java.awt.image.WritableRaster;
import java.awt.image.renderable.ParameterBlock;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Hashtable;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.media.jai.ColorCube;
import javax.media.jai.Histogram;
import javax.media.jai.ImageLayout;
import javax.media.jai.JAI;
import javax.media.jai.KernelJAI;
import javax.media.jai.LookupTableJAI;
import javax.media.jai.RenderedOp;

/**
 * 图片处理工具类：<br>
 * 功能：缩放图像、切割图像、图像类型转换、彩色转黑白、文字水印、图片水印等
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class ImageUtils {

	/**
	 * 几种常见的图片格式
	 */
	public static String IMAGE_TYPE_GIF = "gif";// 图形交换格式
	public static String IMAGE_TYPE_JPG = "jpg";// 联合照片专家组
	public static String IMAGE_TYPE_JPEG = "jpeg";// 联合照片专家组
	public static String IMAGE_TYPE_BMP = "bmp";// 英文Bitmap（位图）的简写，它是Windows操作系统中的标准图像文件格式
	public static String IMAGE_TYPE_PNG = "png";// 可移植网络图形
	public static String IMAGE_TYPE_PSD = "psd";// Photoshop的专用格式Photoshop

	/**
	 * 程序入口：用于测试
	 * 
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		/*
		 * // 1-缩放图像： // 方法一：按比例缩放 ImageUtils.scale("e:/abc.jpg",
		 * "e:/abc_scale.jpg", 2, true);//测试OK // 方法二：按高度和宽度缩放
		 * ImageUtils.scale2("e:/abc.jpg", "e:/abc_scale2.jpg", 500, 300,
		 * true);//测试OK
		 * 
		 * // 2-切割图像： // 方法一：按指定起点坐标和宽高切割 ImageUtils.cut("e:/abc.jpg",
		 * "e:/abc_cut.jpg", 0, 0, 400, 400 );//测试OK // 方法二：指定切片的行数和列数
		 * ImageUtils.cut2("e:/abc.jpg", "e:/", 2, 2 );//测试OK // 方法三：指定切片的宽度和高度
		 * ImageUtils.cut3("e:/abc.jpg", "e:/", 300, 300 );//测试OK
		 * 
		 * // 3-图像类型转换： ImageUtils.convert("e:/abc.jpg", "GIF",
		 * "e:/abc_convert.gif");//测试OK
		 */
		/*
		 * String src =
		 * "E:/work/source/yunos.taobao.com/server/single_color_e6de09d8c5c95fe355e5a7348a4a36b6.jpg"
		 * ; String dest =
		 * "E:/work/source/yunos.taobao.com/server/single_cut_color_e6de09d8c5c95fe355e5a7348a4a36b6.jpg"
		 * ; ImageUtils.cut(src, dest, 267, 68, 500, 640 );
		 */
		// 4-彩色转黑白：
//		String[] picList = new String[3];
//		picList[0] = "D:/yunos/Spring-AOP-Advice-Examples/test1";
//		picList[1] = "D:/yunos/Spring-AOP-Advice-Examples/test2";
//		picList[2] = "D:/yunos/Spring-AOP-Advice-Examples/test3";
//		
//		for(int i=0; i<picList.length; i++){
//			String src=picList[i]+".jpg";
//			String gray=src+"_gray.jpg";
//			String black = src+"_black.jpg";
//			String white = src+"_white.jpg";
//			convert(src, gray, black, white);
//		}

		// 5-给图片添加文字水印：
		// 方法一：

		// Color color = new Color(0xeb, 0xe0, 0xd0);

		// 方法二：
		// ImageUtils.pressText2("我也是水印文字",
		// "e:/abc.jpg","e:/abc_pressText2.jpg", "黑体", 36, Color.white, 80, 0,
		// 0, 0.5f);//测试OK

		// 6-给图片添加图片水印：
		 ImageUtils.pressImage("D:/yunos/Spring-AOP-Advice-Examples/test2.jpg",
		 "D:/yunos/Spring-AOP-Advice-Examples/test1.jpg","D:/yunos/Spring-AOP-Advice-Examples/test_desc.jpg", 0, 0, 0.5f);//测试OK
	}
	
	public static void convert(String src, String gray, String black, String white){
		ImageUtils.gray(src, gray);// 测试OK
		try {
			BufferedImage grayImage = ImageIO.read(new File(gray));
			RenderedImage blackImage = ImageUtils
					.applyBinarize(grayImage, 0.33);
			ImageIO.write(blackImage, "jpg", new File(black));
			
			BufferedImage blackBufferedImage = ImageIO.read(new File(black));
			// 转为白底
			ImageUtils.turnColor(blackBufferedImage);
			ImageIO.write(blackBufferedImage, "jpg", new File(white));

		} catch (IOException e) {

			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	

	public static BufferedImage convertRenderedImage(RenderedImage img) {
		if (img instanceof BufferedImage) {
			return (BufferedImage) img;
		}
		ColorModel cm = img.getColorModel();
		int width = img.getWidth();
		int height = img.getHeight();
		WritableRaster raster = cm
				.createCompatibleWritableRaster(width, height);
		boolean isAlphaPremultiplied = cm.isAlphaPremultiplied();
		Hashtable properties = new Hashtable();
		String[] keys = img.getPropertyNames();
		if (keys != null) {
			for (int i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
				properties.put(keys[i], img.getProperty(keys[i]));
			}
		}
		BufferedImage result = new BufferedImage(cm, raster,
				isAlphaPremultiplied, properties);
		img.copyData(raster);
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 缩放图像（按比例缩放）
	 * 
	 * @param srcImageFile
	 *            源图像文件地址
	 * @param result
	 *            缩放后的图像地址
	 * @param scale
	 *            缩放比例
	 * @param flag
	 *            缩放选择:true 放大; false 缩小;
	 */
	public final static void scale(String srcImageFile, String result,
			int scale, boolean flag) {
		try {
			BufferedImage src = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile)); // 读入文件
			int width = src.getWidth(); // 得到源图宽
			int height = src.getHeight(); // 得到源图长
			if (flag) {// 放大
				width = width * scale;
				height = height * scale;
			} else {// 缩小
				width = width / scale;
				height = height / scale;
			}
			Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height,
					Image.SCALE_DEFAULT);
			BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height,
					BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
			Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
			g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
			g.dispose();
			ImageIO.write(tag, "JPEG", new File(result));// 输出到文件流
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 缩放图像（按高度和宽度缩放）
	 * 
	 * @param srcImageFile
	 *            源图像文件地址
	 * @param result
	 *            缩放后的图像地址
	 * @param height
	 *            缩放后的高度
	 * @param width
	 *            缩放后的宽度
	 * @param bb
	 *            比例不对时是否需要补白：true为补白; false为不补白;
	 */
	public final static void scale2(String srcImageFile, String result,
			int height, int width, boolean bb) {
		try {
			double ratio = 0.0; // 缩放比例
			File f = new File(srcImageFile);
			BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(f);
			Image itemp = bi.getScaledInstance(width, height, bi.SCALE_SMOOTH);
			// 计算比例
			if ((bi.getHeight() > height) || (bi.getWidth() > width)) {
				if (bi.getHeight() > bi.getWidth()) {
					ratio = (new Integer(height)).doubleValue()
							/ bi.getHeight();
				} else {
					ratio = (new Integer(width)).doubleValue() / bi.getWidth();
				}
				AffineTransformOp op = new AffineTransformOp(
						AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(ratio, ratio), null);
				itemp = op.filter(bi, null);
			}
			if (bb) {// 补白
				BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
						BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
				Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
				g.setColor(Color.white);
				g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
				if (width == itemp.getWidth(null))
					g.drawImage(itemp, 0, (height - itemp.getHeight(null)) / 2,
							itemp.getWidth(null), itemp.getHeight(null),
							Color.white, null);
				else
					g.drawImage(itemp, (width - itemp.getWidth(null)) / 2, 0,
							itemp.getWidth(null), itemp.getHeight(null),
							Color.white, null);
				g.dispose();
				itemp = image;
			}
			ImageIO.write((BufferedImage) itemp, "JPEG", new File(result));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 图像切割(按指定起点坐标和宽高切割)
	 * 
	 * @param srcImageFile
	 *            源图像地址
	 * @param result
	 *            切片后的图像地址
	 * @param x
	 *            目标切片起点坐标X
	 * @param y
	 *            目标切片起点坐标Y
	 * @param width
	 *            目标切片宽度
	 * @param height
	 *            目标切片高度
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public final static void cut(String sourcePath, String targetPath, int x,
			int y, int width, int height) {
		File file = new File(sourcePath);

		BufferedImage image;
		try {
			image = ImageIO.read(file);
			if (x >= image.getWidth()) {
				x = 0;
			}
			if ((x + width) > image.getWidth()) {
				width = image.getWidth() - x;
			}
			if (y >= image.getHeight()) {
				y = 0;
			}
			if ((y + height) > image.getHeight()) {
				height = image.getHeight() - y;
			}
			image = image.getSubimage(x, y, width, height);
			ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", new File(targetPath));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	/**
	 * 图像切割（指定切片的行数和列数）
	 * 
	 * @param srcImageFile
	 *            源图像地址
	 * @param descDir
	 *            切片目标文件夹
	 * @param rows
	 *            目标切片行数。默认2，必须是范围 [1, 20] 之内
	 * @param cols
	 *            目标切片列数。默认2，必须是范围 [1, 20] 之内
	 */
	public final static void cut2(String srcImageFile, String descDir,
			int rows, int cols) {
		try {
			if (rows <= 0 || rows > 20)
				rows = 2; // 切片行数
			if (cols <= 0 || cols > 20)
				cols = 2; // 切片列数
			// 读取源图像
			BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile));
			int srcWidth = bi.getHeight(); // 源图宽度
			int srcHeight = bi.getWidth(); // 源图高度
			if (srcWidth > 0 && srcHeight > 0) {
				Image img;
				ImageFilter cropFilter;
				Image image = bi.getScaledInstance(srcWidth, srcHeight,
						Image.SCALE_DEFAULT);
				int destWidth = srcWidth; // 每张切片的宽度
				int destHeight = srcHeight; // 每张切片的高度
				// 计算切片的宽度和高度
				if (srcWidth % cols == 0) {
					destWidth = srcWidth / cols;
				} else {
					destWidth = (int) Math.floor(srcWidth / cols) + 1;
				}
				if (srcHeight % rows == 0) {
					destHeight = srcHeight / rows;
				} else {
					destHeight = (int) Math.floor(srcWidth / rows) + 1;
				}
				// 循环建立切片
				// 改进的想法:是否可用多线程加快切割速度
				for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
					for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
						// 四个参数分别为图像起点坐标和宽高
						// 即: CropImageFilter(int x,int y,int width,int height)
						cropFilter = new CropImageFilter(j * destWidth, i
								* destHeight, destWidth, destHeight);
						img = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().createImage(
								new FilteredImageSource(image.getSource(),
										cropFilter));
						BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(destWidth,
								destHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
						Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
						g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
						g.dispose();
						// 输出为文件
						ImageIO.write(tag, "JPEG", new File(descDir + "_r" + i
								+ "_c" + j + ".jpg"));
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 图像切割（指定切片的宽度和高度）
	 * 
	 * @param srcImageFile
	 *            源图像地址
	 * @param descDir
	 *            切片目标文件夹
	 * @param destWidth
	 *            目标切片宽度。默认200
	 * @param destHeight
	 *            目标切片高度。默认150
	 */
	public final static void cut3(String srcImageFile, String descDir,
			int destWidth, int destHeight) {
		try {
			if (destWidth <= 0)
				destWidth = 200; // 切片宽度
			if (destHeight <= 0)
				destHeight = 150; // 切片高度
			// 读取源图像
			BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile));
			int srcWidth = bi.getHeight(); // 源图宽度
			int srcHeight = bi.getWidth(); // 源图高度
			if (srcWidth > destWidth && srcHeight > destHeight) {
				Image img;
				ImageFilter cropFilter;
				Image image = bi.getScaledInstance(srcWidth, srcHeight,
						Image.SCALE_DEFAULT);
				int cols = 0; // 切片横向数量
				int rows = 0; // 切片纵向数量
				// 计算切片的横向和纵向数量
				if (srcWidth % destWidth == 0) {
					cols = srcWidth / destWidth;
				} else {
					cols = (int) Math.floor(srcWidth / destWidth) + 1;
				}
				if (srcHeight % destHeight == 0) {
					rows = srcHeight / destHeight;
				} else {
					rows = (int) Math.floor(srcHeight / destHeight) + 1;
				}
				// 循环建立切片
				// 改进的想法:是否可用多线程加快切割速度
				for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
					for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
						// 四个参数分别为图像起点坐标和宽高
						// 即: CropImageFilter(int x,int y,int width,int height)
						cropFilter = new CropImageFilter(j * destWidth, i
								* destHeight, destWidth, destHeight);
						img = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().createImage(
								new FilteredImageSource(image.getSource(),
										cropFilter));
						BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(destWidth,
								destHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
						Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
						g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
						g.dispose();
						// 输出为文件
						ImageIO.write(tag, "JPEG", new File(descDir + "_r" + i
								+ "_c" + j + ".jpg"));
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 图像类型转换：GIF->JPG、GIF->PNG、PNG->JPG、PNG->GIF(X)、BMP->PNG
	 * 
	 * @param srcImageFile
	 *            源图像地址
	 * @param formatName
	 *            包含格式非正式名称的 String：如JPG、JPEG、GIF等
	 * @param destImageFile
	 *            目标图像地址
	 */
	public final static void convert(String srcImageFile, String formatName,
			String destImageFile) {
		try {
			File f = new File(srcImageFile);
			f.canRead();
			f.canWrite();
			BufferedImage src = ImageIO.read(f);
			ImageIO.write(src, formatName, new File(destImageFile));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 彩色转为黑白
	 * 
	 * @param srcImageFile
	 *            源图像地址
	 * @param destImageFile
	 *            目标图像地址
	 */
	public final static void gray(String srcImageFile, String destImageFile) {
		try {
			BufferedImage src = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile));
			ColorSpace cs = ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_GRAY);
			ColorConvertOp op = new ColorConvertOp(cs, null);
			src = op.filter(src, null);
			ImageIO.write(src, "JPEG", new File(destImageFile));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	// 先转成8bit的
	public final static RenderedImage convertTo8BitGray(RenderedImage colorImage) {
		ParameterBlock pb = new ParameterBlock();
		pb.addSource(colorImage);
		ColorModel cm = new ComponentColorModel(
				ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_GRAY), new int[] { 8 },
				false, false, Transparency.OPAQUE, DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE);
		pb.add(cm);
		RenderedImage grayImage = JAI.create("ColorConvert", pb);
		return grayImage;
	}

	// 一级1位
	public static RenderedImage applyDithering(RenderedImage grayImage,
			boolean isErrorDiffusion) {
		// Load the ParameterBlock for the dithering operation
		// and set the operation name.
		ParameterBlock pb = new ParameterBlock();
		pb.addSource(grayImage);
		String opName = null;
		if (isErrorDiffusion) {
			opName = "errordiffusion";
			LookupTableJAI lut = new LookupTableJAI(new byte[] { (byte) 0x00,
					(byte) 0xff });
			pb.add(lut);
			pb.add(KernelJAI.ERROR_FILTER_FLOYD_STEINBERG);
		} else {
			opName = "ordereddither";
			ColorCube cube = ColorCube.createColorCube(DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE, 0,
					new int[] { 2 }); // 尝试改变2为其它值，可以得到不同效果
			pb.add(cube);
			pb.add(KernelJAI.DITHER_MASK_441);
		}
		// Create a layout containing an IndexColorModel which maps
		// zero to zero and unity to 255.
		ImageLayout layout = new ImageLayout();
		byte[] map = new byte[] { (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0xff };
		ColorModel cm = new IndexColorModel(1, 2, map, map, map);
		layout.setColorModel(cm);
		// Create a hint containing the layout.
		RenderingHints hints = new RenderingHints(JAI.KEY_IMAGE_LAYOUT, layout);
		// Dither the image.
		RenderedOp bwImage = JAI.create(opName, pb, hints);
		return bwImage;
	}

	// 然后转成1位的
	/***
	 * Binarize image (convert image to 1 bit black and white)
	 * 输入图片必须为灰度图片，否则会出错。
	 */
	public static RenderedImage applyBinarize(RenderedImage grayImage,
			double thresholdValue) {
		// Generate a histogram.
		Histogram histogram = (Histogram) JAI.create("histogram", grayImage)
				.getProperty("histogram");
		// Get a threshold equal to the median.
		double[] threshold = histogram.getPTileThreshold(thresholdValue); // 改变域值可以得到不同效果
		// Binarize the image.
		RenderedImage bwImage = JAI.create("binarize", grayImage, new Double(
				threshold[0]));
		return bwImage;
	}// function applyBinarize

	public static void turnColor(BufferedImage srcImage) {
		int w = srcImage.getWidth();
		int h = srcImage.getHeight();
		for (int i = 0; i < w; i++) {
			for (int j = 0; j < h; j++) {
				int _rgb1 = srcImage.getRGB(i, j);
				int _rgb2 = ~_rgb1;
				srcImage.setRGB(i, j, _rgb2);
			}

		}
	}

	/**
	 * 给图片添加文字水印
	 * 
	 * @param pressText
	 *            水印文字
	 * @param srcImageFile
	 *            源图像地址
	 * @param destImageFile
	 *            目标图像地址
	 * @param font
	 *            水印的字体名称
	 * @param color
	 *            水印的字体颜色
	 * @param x
	 *            修正值
	 * @param y
	 *            修正值
	 * @param alpha
	 *            透明度：alpha 必须是范围 [0.0, 1.0] 之内（包含边界值）的一个浮点数字
	 * @return
	 */
	public final static BufferedImage pressText(String text,
			String srcImageFile, String destImageFile, Font font, Color color,
			int x, int y, float alpha) {
		try {

			URL templetImage = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader()
					.getResource(srcImageFile);
			Image src = ImageIO.read(templetImage);
			int width = src.getWidth(null);
			int height = src.getHeight(null);
			BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
					BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
			Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
			g.drawImage(src, 0, 0, width, height, null);
			g.setColor(color);
			g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING,
					RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON);
			g.setFont(font);
			g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP,
					alpha));
			// 在指定坐标绘制水印文字
			g.drawString(text, x, y);
			g.dispose();
			ImageIO.write((BufferedImage) image, "png", new File(destImageFile));// 输出到文件流
			return ImageIO.read(new File(destImageFile));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * 给图片添加图片水印
	 * 
	 * @param pressImg
	 *            水印图片
	 * @param srcImageFile
	 *            源图像地址
	 * @param destImageFile
	 *            目标图像地址
	 * @param x
	 *            修正值。 默认在中间
	 * @param y
	 *            修正值。 默认在中间
	 * @param alpha
	 *            透明度：alpha 必须是范围 [0.0, 1.0] 之内（包含边界值）的一个浮点数字
	 */
	public final static void pressImage(String pressImg, String srcImageFile,
			String destImageFile, int x, int y, float alpha) {
		try {
			File img = new File(srcImageFile);
			Image src = ImageIO.read(img);
			int wideth = src.getWidth(null);
			int height = src.getHeight(null);
			BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(wideth, height,
					BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
			Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
			g.drawImage(src, 0, 0, wideth, height, null);
			// 水印文件
			Image src_biao = ImageIO.read(new File(pressImg));
			int wideth_biao = src_biao.getWidth(null);
			int height_biao = src_biao.getHeight(null);
			g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP,
					alpha));
			g.drawImage(src_biao, (wideth - wideth_biao) / 2,
					(height - height_biao) / 2, wideth_biao, height_biao, null);
			// 水印文件结束
			g.dispose();
			ImageIO.write((BufferedImage) image, "JPEG",
					new File(destImageFile));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 计算text的长度（一个中文算两个字符）
	 * 
	 * @param text
	 * @return
	 */
	public final static int getLength(String text) {
		int length = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i < text.length(); i++) {
			if (new String(text.charAt(i) + "").getBytes().length > 1) {
				length += 2;
			} else {
				length += 1;
			}
		}
		return length / 2;
	}
}