静态路由

--LO1----R6---S1/2-------------S1/5------R7------LO1

192.168.6.1 192.168.67.1 192.168.67.2 192.168.7.1

R6(config)#ip route 192.168.7.0 255.255.255.0 s1/2 192.168.67.2 name san tag 5

目的地址 掩码 出口 下一跳 下一跳名称 标记该路由

R6(config)#ip route 192.168.7.0 255.255.255.0 Loopback1 name li ( 这条是无效的。)

相同目的地址,两条路由。

对于静态路由,路由器是要检测该路由的条目的有效性的,正常情况下路由器对静态路由的下一跳有效性的检查是一分钟,在12.3(10)以后增加了下面的命令可以对此时间进行调整Router(config)#ip route static adjust-time 30对静态路由打tag用于路由再发布时的区分。

这个时候在路由表中查看:

R6(config)#do show ip route static

S 192.168.7.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.67.2, Serial1/2

is directly connected, Loopback1 -----这条不正确的路由会消失的

如下:现象是到相同目的的静态路由都消失了,

R6#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 192.168.6.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1

C 192.168.67.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/2

R6#

刷新后又都重新出现。

R6#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 192.168.6.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1

C 192.168.67.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/2

S 192.168.7.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.67.2, Serial1/2

is directly connected, Loopback1

修改对静态路由下一跳有效性检测时间:

R6(config)#ip route static adjust-time ?

<1-60> Adjustment time in seconds

R6(config)#ip route static adjust-time 35

去掉上面的两条静态路由。

no ip route 192.168.7.0 255.255.255.0 s1/2 192.168.67.2 name san tag 5

no ip route 192.168.7.0 255.255.255.0 lo1 name li

R6(config)#do show ip route static

R6(config)#

现在路由表中,已经没有静态路由了。

现在我确定这个路由没问题,想省却检查静态路由下一跳有效性的步骤,提高路由器的工作效率。

ip route 192.168.7.0 255.255.255.0 s1/2 192.168.67.2 name wang tag 51 66 permanent

permanent选项可以使此条目一直存在于路由表中,而不管下一跳的可达性

R6(config)#do show ip route static

S 192.168.7.0/24 [66/0] via 192.168.67.2, Serial1/2

静态路由的基本命令,常用的写到这里吧。

监听一个接口,当接口down之后,才启动该路由

R6(config)#track 8 int lo1 line-protocol

R6(config-track)#delay down 5 up 30

R6(config-track)#exit

R6(config)#ip route 192.168.7.0 255.255.255.0 s1/2 track 8

路由表变动统计:

R6(config)#ip route profile 启动路由统计

R6#show ip route profile

IP routing table change statistics:

Frequency of changes in a 5 second sampling interval

-------------------------------------------------------------

Change/ Fwd-path Prefix Nexthop Pathcount Prefix

interval change add change change refresh

-------------------------------------------------------------

0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 0 0

2 0 0 0 0 0

3 0 0 0 0 0

4 0 0 0 0 0

5 0 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0 0

15 0 0 0 0 0

20 0 0 0 0 0

25 0 0 0 0 0

30 0 0 0 0 0

55 0 0 0 0 0

80 0 0 0 0 0

105 0 0 0 0 0

130 0 0 0 0 0

155 0 0 0 0 0

280 0 0 0 0 0

405 0 0 0 0 0

-------------------------------------------------------------

Change/ Fwd-path Prefix Nexthop Pathcount Prefix

interval change add change change refresh

-------------------------------------------------------------

530 0 0 0 0 0

655 0 0 0 0 0

780 0 0 0 0 0

1405 0 0 0 0 0

2030 0 0 0 0 0

2655 0 0 0 0 0

3280 0 0 0 0 0

3905 0 0 0 0 0

7030 0 0 0 0 0

10155 0 0 0 0 0

13280 0 0 0 0 0

Overflow 0 0 0 0 0

R6#

其实这个我看不太懂,请高手给指点下。

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