Atlas+keepalived实现mysql读写分离

本文主要介绍atlas安装、mysql读写分离的配置、mysql主从配置及利用keepalived解决atlas单点故障。

 

Atlas介绍

Atlas是基于mysql-proxy做的二次开发。Atlas是一个位于应用程序与MySQL之间中间件。在后端DB看来，Atlas相当于连接它的客户端，在前端应用看来，Atlas相当于一个DB。Atlas作为服务端与应用程序通讯，它实现了MySQL的客户端和服务端协议，同时作为客户端与MySQL通讯。它对应用程序屏蔽了DB的细节，同时为了降低MySQL负担，它还维护了连接池。

keepalived工作原理及mysql工作原理参考以下文章

http://hnr520.blog.51cto.com/4484939/1694028

http://hnr520.blog.51cto.com/4484939/1660222

 

安装配置

系统环境

Centos6.6_x86_64

实验拓扑图

 

一、mysql主从配置

1.mysql安装

mysql版本：mysql-5.5.43-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

创建用户及相关目录

# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql

# useradd -r -u 306 -g mysql mysql

# mkdir -pv /data/mydata

# cd /data/mydata/

# mkdir data binlogs

# chown -R mysql.mysql *

# cd /root/soft/

# tar xf mysql-5.5.43-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

# cd /usr/local/

# ln -sv mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64 mysql

2.初始化mysql

# chown -R root.mysql  mysql/*

# cd mysql/

# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mydata/data/

# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf

# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

3.修改配置文件

# vim /etc/my.cnf

datadir = /data/mydata/data

innodb_file_per_table = ON

log-bin=/data/mydata/binlogs/master-bin

binlog_format=row

4.master服务器配置

编辑配置文件

# vim /etc/my.cnf

log-bin=/data/mydata/binlogs/master-bin

server-id=1

启动服务，连接mysql修改密码

mysql> update user set Password=PASSWORD('123456') where user='root';

mysql> flush privileges;

创建复制账号

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replication'@'192.168.1.203' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

mysql> show master status;

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| master-bin.000001 |     3621 |              |                  |

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

5.准备测试数据

mysql> CREATE DATABASE orders;

CREATE TABLE `my_orders` (

  `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '表主键',

  `pid` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '产品ID',

  `price` decimal(15,2) NOT NULL COMMENT '单价',

  `num` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '购买数量',

  `person` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '客户姓名',

  `atime` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '下单时间',

  `utime` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '修改时间',

  `isdel` tinyint(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '软删除标识',

  `year` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '年',

  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

 

INSERT INTO `my_orders`(`pid`,`price`,`num`,`person`,`atime`,`utime`,`year`) VALUES ('1', '123.54', '1', '诸葛亮', '1426335606', '1426335606','2015');

INSERT INTO `my_orders`(`pid`,`price`,`num`,`person`,`atime`,`utime`,`year`) VALUES ('3', '13.67', '4', '刘备', '1426338765', '1426338765', '2016');

INSERT INTO `my_orders`(`pid`,`price`,`num`,`person`,`atime`,`utime`,`year`) VALUES ('4', '44.44', '4', '关羽', '1426754324', '1426754324','2017');

6.slave服务器配置

编辑配置文件，注释掉二进制日志

# vim /etc/my.cnf

relay_log=/data/mydata/binlogs/relay-bin

server-id=2

启动服务，开启复制

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.204',MASTER_USER='replication',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=3621;

mysql> SLAVE START;

mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G

IO线程和SQL线程均已YES

授权root账号可在192.168.0.0网段登入

mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.%.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

 

二、Atlas安装

1.软件安装

# rpm -ivh Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

2.生成加密密码

# /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/encrypt 123456

/iZxz+0GRoA=

3.编辑配置文件

# vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/test.cnf

[mysql-proxy]

admin-username = admin

admin-password = admin

proxy-backend-addresses = 192.168.1.204:3306

proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 192.168.1.203:3306

pwds = root:/iZxz+0GRoA=

daemon = true

keepalive = true

event-threads = 8

log-level = message

log-path = /usr/local/mysql-proxy/log

proxy-address = 0.0.0.0:1234

admin-address = 0.0.0.0:2345

4.启动服务

# /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd test start

# netstat -ntpl | grep mysql-proxy

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:1234                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      4389/mysql-proxy   

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:2345                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      4389/mysql-proxy

5.测试atlas连接mysql

# mysql -h 192.168.1.201 -P 1234 -uroot -p123456

 

# mysql -h 192.168.1.201 -P 2345 -uadmin -padmin

 

三、安装keepalived

Centos6.6的keepalived已经是1.2.13版本，故这里直接采用yum方式安装

1.软件安装

# yum install keepalived

2.配置主节点201的keepalived配置文件

# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

 

global_defs {

   router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

 

vrrp_script Monitor_Atlas {

 script "/usr/local/mysql-proxy/monitor_atlas.sh"

 interval 2

 weight 2 

}

 

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state MASTER

    interface eth0

    virtual_router_id 51

        mcast_src_ip 192.168.1.201

    priority 100

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass 1111

    }

    track_script {

    Monitor_Atlas

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {

        192.168.1.200

    }

}

3.提供atlas监控脚本

# vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/monitor_atlas.sh

#!/bin/bash

if  [ $(ps -ef |grep 'mysql-proxy' |grep -v 'grep' |wc -l) -eq "0" ];then

    /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd test start

    sleep 5

    if [ $(ps -ef |grep 'mysql-proxy' |grep -v 'grep' |wc -l) -eq "0"  ];then

        service keepalived stop

        service network restart

    fi

fi

# chmod +x  /usr/local/mysql-proxy/monitor_atlas.sh

4.配置从节点202的keepalived配置文件

复制以上两个文件到从节点，并修改keepalived配置文件

state BACKUP

mcast_src_ip 192.168.1.202

priority 95

5.启动服务及测试

在主节点201上启动服务

# service keepalived start

 

在从节点202上启动服务

# service keepalived start

6.连接atlas测试

# mysql -h 192.168.1.200 -P 1234 -uroot -p123456

 

# mysql -h 192.168.1.200 -P 2345 -uadmin -padmin

 

四、mysql读写分离及atlas高可用测试

1.读写分离测试

使用navicat连接mysql

 

查询测试

读写分离测试，为了达到效果在从库上手动插入一条语句

mysql> INSERT INTO `my_orders`(`pid`,`price`,`num`,`person`,`atime`,`utime`,`year`) VALUES ('1', '123.54', '1', 'test_slave', '1426335606', '1426335606','2015');

出现两条结果说明连接的是从库

测试强制从主库查询数据

2.atlas高可用测试

停止主节点keepalived服务

# service keepalived stop

此时vip漂移到从节点上

测试mysq连接一切正常