实验人:张浩 QQ:672128305
一:实验背景:
飞龙公司的规模越来越大,网络也越来越复杂,公司吞并了一个小公司,但是和这个公司网络合并时,却无法直接接入OSPF的骨干区域,网络条目也越来越多.
为了减少路由条目的数目,要求对路由条目进行汇总.
二:实验目的:
1:通过虚链路实现Area 3与骨干区域的相连
2:分别实现路由汇总(区域内路由汇总和外部路由汇总),实现路由汇总后查看路由条目.
3:实现全网络的路由.
三:实验拓扑
一:实验背景:
飞龙公司的规模越来越大,网络也越来越复杂,公司吞并了一个小公司,但是和这个公司网络合并时,却无法直接接入OSPF的骨干区域,网络条目也越来越多.
为了减少路由条目的数目,要求对路由条目进行汇总.
二:实验目的:
1:通过虚链路实现Area 3与骨干区域的相连
2:分别实现路由汇总(区域内路由汇总和外部路由汇总),实现路由汇总后查看路由条目.
3:实现全网络的路由.
三:实验拓扑
三:实验步骤:
1:先配置多区域的OSPF,打通全网路由,注意,发布环回接口.
2:区域3无法与骨干区域直接相连,所以先用虚链路连接到骨干区域。
3:将外部路由重新发布到ospf.
4: 配置NSSA和Totally Stubby区域.
5: 在ASBR和ABR上分别做路由汇总.(在R3和R2上用环回接口模拟几个网段,做汇总)
说明实验现象.
实验步骤:
1、基本配置,配置接口IP及环回接口IP
R1(config)#inter loo 0
R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
R1(config-if)#interface f0/0
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#interface f1/0
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config)#interface loo 0
R2(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
R2(config-if)#interface f0/0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#interface f1/0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#ip add 20.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config)#interface loo 0
R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
R3(config-if)#interface f0/0
R3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#ip add 21.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#interface f1/0
R3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#ip add 20.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R4(config)#interface loo 0
R4(config-if)#ip add 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
R4(config-if)#interface f0/0
R4(config-if)#no shut
R4(config-if)#ip add 30.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#interface f1/0
R4(config-if)#no shut
R4(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R5(config)#interface loo 0
R5(config-if)#ip add 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255
R5(config-if)#interface f0/0
R5(config-if)#no shut
R5(config-if)#ip add 30.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R5(config-if)#interface f1/0
R5(config-if)#no shut
R5(config-if)#ip add 31.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R6(config-if)#interface loo 0
R6(config-if)#ip add 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255
R6(config-if)#interface f1/0
R6(config-if)#ip add 31.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R6(config-if)#no shut
R7(config)#interface loo 0
R7(config-if)#ip add 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255
R7(config-if)#interface f0/0
R7(config-if)#no shut
R7(config-if)#ip add 21.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R4#ping 30.1.1.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 30.1.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
//现在相邻的设备之间已经可以Ping 通了
2、打通全网路由
R1(config)#router os 110
R1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 0
R1(config-router)#network 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 0
R2(config)#router os 110
R2(config-router)#network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 ar 0
R2(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 0
R2(config-router)#network 20.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar
R2(config-router)#network 20.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 1
R3(config)#router os 110
R3(config-router)#network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 ar 1
R3(config-router)#network 20.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 1
R3(config-router)#exit
R3(config)#router rip //R3为ASBR,连接两个不同的自治系统。
R3(config-router)#version 2
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3(config-router)#network 21.1.1.0
R4(config)#router os 110
R4(config-router)#network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 ar 0
R4(config-router)#network 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 0
R4(config-router)#network 30.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 2
R5(config)#router os 110
R5(config-router)#network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0 ar 2
R5(config-router)#network 30.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 2
R5(config-router)#network 31.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 3
R6(config)#router os 110
R6(config-router)#network 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0 ar 3
R6(config-router)#network 31.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 ar 3
R7(config)#router rip
R7(config-router)#version 2
R7(config-router)#no auto-summary
R7(config-router)#network 7.7.7.7
R7(config-router)#network 21.1.1.0
R4#show ip route
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 11.1.1.1, 00:04:41, FastEthernet1/0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.2 [110/3] via 11.1.1.1, 00:04:41, FastEthernet1/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/4] via 11.1.1.1, 00:03:25, FastEthernet1/0
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0
20.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 20.1.1.0 [110/3] via 11.1.1.1, 00:03:25, FastEthernet1/0
5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 5.5.5.5 [110/2] via 30.1.1.2, 00:03:25, FastEthernet0/0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 10.1.1.0 [110/2] via 11.1.1.1, 00:04:43, FastEthernet1/0
11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 11.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
30.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 30.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
//查看R4的路由表可以看出R4学到了本区域的及其它OSPF区域的路由信息,但是没有Area 3 以及RIP自治系统的路由信息,这是因为Area 3 没有和骨干区域直连,RIP和OSPF属于不同的自治系统,不能直接学习路由信息。
3、配置虚链路
R4(config)#router os 110
R4(config-router)#area 2 virtual-link 5.5.5.5
R5(config)#router os 110
R5(config-router)#area 2 virtual-link 4.4.4.4
再次查看R4的路由表
R4#show ip route
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.2 [110/3] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/4] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/0
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0
20.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 20.1.1.0 [110/3] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/0
5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 5.5.5.5 [110/2] via 30.1.1.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/0
6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 6.6.6.6 [110/3] via 30.1.1.2, 00:00:27, FastEthernet0/0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 10.1.1.0 [110/2] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/0
11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 11.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
31.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 31.1.1.0 [110/2] via 30.1.1.2, 00:00:27, FastEthernet0/0
30.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 30.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
//可以看到,添加完虚链路之后,就可以学习到Area 3的链路信息了,但是还是没有RIP路由协议的路由信息.
4、重分发
R3(config-router)#router os 110
R3(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 100 subnets
R3(config-router)#router rip
R3(config-router)#redistribute os 110 metric 1
//再次查看R4的路由表
R4#show ip route
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 11.1.1.1, 00:14:37, FastEthernet1/0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.2 [110/3] via 11.1.1.1, 00:14:37, FastEthernet1/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/4] via 11.1.1.1, 00:14:37, FastEthernet1/0
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0
21.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 21.1.1.0 [110/100] via 11.1.1.1, 00:06:11, FastEthernet1/0
20.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 20.1.1.0 [110/3] via 11.1.1.1, 00:14:37, FastEthernet1/0
5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 5.5.5.5 [110/2] via 30.1.1.2, 00:14:38, FastEthernet0/0
6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 6.6.6.6 [110/3] via 30.1.1.2, 00:14:38, FastEthernet0/0
7.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 7.7.7.7 [110/100] via 11.1.1.1, 00:06:13, FastEthernet1/0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 10.1.1.0 [110/2] via 11.1.1.1, 00:14:38, FastEthernet1/0
11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 11.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
31.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 31.1.1.0 [110/2] via 30.1.1.2, 00:14:38, FastEthernet0/0
30.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 30.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
//可以看到现在R4上已经有了RIP路由协议的路由信息。
查看R7的路由表
R7(config-router)#do show ip route
1.0.0.0/32 is submitted, 1 subnets
R 1.1.1.1 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 2.2.2.2 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 3.3.3.3 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 4.4.4.4 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0
21.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 21.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
20.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 20.1.1.0 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0
5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 5.5.5.5 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 6.6.6.6 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
7.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 7.7.7.7 is directly connected, Loopback0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 10.1.1.0 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 11.1.1.0 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
31.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 31.1.1.0 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
30.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 30.1.1.0 [120/1] via 21.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
//可以看到R7也学到了OSPF自治系统的路由信息。
实验为配置完成,转连载2