Redis-Cluster实战--6.Jedis实战

  

转载请注明出处哈:http://carlosfu.iteye.com/blog/2240426

   

通过jedis来连接操作redis总体来说比较简单,按照redis单机、redis-sentinel、redis-cluster略有不同。

 

一、Jedis相关依赖

1. jedis依赖(选择最新的稳定版本,支持redis-cluster)

<jedis.version>2.7.2</jedis.version>
<dependency>
	<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
	<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
	<version>${jedis.version}</version>
</dependency>

 

2. logback和junit依赖

<logback.version>1.0.13</logback.version>
<junit.version>4.11</junit.version>
<dependency>
	<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
	<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
	<version>${logback.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
	<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
	<version>${logback.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>junit</groupId>
   <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
   <version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>

 

 

二、Jedis单机测试:

1. Jedis-简单Kv

Jedis jedis = new Jedis("127.0.0.1");
jedis.set("foo", "bar");
String value = jedis.get("foo");

 

   建议所有的jedis都放在try catch finally(jedis.close操作)中

package com.sohu.tv.test.jedis;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
/**
 * 第一个jedis测试
 * 
 * @author leifu
 * @Date 2015年8月24日
 * @Time 下午1:35:26
 */
public class JedisFirstTest {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JedisFirstTest.class);
    /**
     * redis单机host
     */
    private final static String JEDIS_HOST = "127.0.0.1";
    /**
     * redis单机port
     */
    private final static int JEDIS_PORT = 6379;
    
    /**
     * 超时时间(毫秒)
     */
    private final static int JEDIS_TIME_OUT = 300;
    @Test
    public void testJedis() {
        Jedis jedis = null;
        try {
            jedis = new Jedis(JEDIS_HOST, JEDIS_PORT, JEDIS_TIME_OUT);
            String key = "sohuKey";
            jedis.set(key, "sohuValue");
            String value = jedis.get(key);
            logger.info("get key {} from redis, value is {}", key, value);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        } finally {
            if (jedis != null) {
                jedis.close();
            }
        }
    }
}

 

2. Jedis-序列化Kv:

   我们使用protostuff(Protostuff是基于大名鼎鼎的Google protobuff技术的Java版本)作为序列化工具:

 

   (1)pom依赖:

<protostuff.version>1.0.8</protostuff.version>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.dyuproject.protostuff</groupId>
    <artifactId>protostuff-runtime</artifactId>
    <version>${protostuff.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.dyuproject.protostuff</groupId>
    <artifactId>protostuff-core</artifactId>
    <version>${protostuff.version}</version>
</dependency>

 

   (2)Club实体类:

package com.sohu.tv.bean;


import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * 俱乐部
 * 
 * @author leifu
 * @Date 2015年7月28日
 * @Time 下午1:43:53
 */
public class Club implements Serializable {
    /**
     * 俱乐部id
     */
    private int id;
    /**
     * 俱乐部名
     */
    private String clubName;
    /**
     * 俱乐部描述
     */
    private String clubInfo;
    /**
     * 创建日期
     */
    private Date createDate;
    /**
     * 排名
     */
    private int rank;

    public Club(int id, String clubName, String clubInfo, Date createDate, int rank) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.clubName = clubName;
        this.clubInfo = clubInfo;
        this.createDate = createDate;
        this.rank = rank;
    }

    public Club() {
        super();
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getClubName() {
        return clubName;
    }

    public void setClubName(String clubName) {
        this.clubName = clubName;
    }

    public String getClubInfo() {
        return clubInfo;
    }

    public void setClubInfo(String clubInfo) {
        this.clubInfo = clubInfo;
    }

    public Date getCreateDate() {
        return createDate;
    }

    public void setCreateDate(Date createDate) {
        this.createDate = createDate;
    }

    public int getRank() {
        return rank;
    }

    public void setRank(int rank) {
        this.rank = rank;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Club [id=" + id + ", clubName=" + clubName + ", clubInfo=" + clubInfo + ", createDate=" + createDate
                + ", rank=" + rank + "]";
    }
}

   

   (3)序列化工具:

package com.sohu.tv.serializer;
import com.dyuproject.protostuff.LinkedBuffer;
import com.dyuproject.protostuff.ProtostuffIOUtil;
import com.dyuproject.protostuff.Schema;
import com.dyuproject.protostuff.runtime.RuntimeSchema;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
/**
 * protostuff序列化工具
 * 
 * @author leifu
 * @Date 2015-8-22
 * @Time 上午10:05:20
 */
public class ProtostuffSerializer {
    private static ConcurrentHashMap<Class<?>, Schema<?>> cachedSchema = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class<?>, Schema<?>>();
    public <T> byte[] serialize(final T source) {
        VO<T> vo = new VO<T>(source);
        final LinkedBuffer buffer = LinkedBuffer.allocate(LinkedBuffer.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE);
        try {
            final Schema<VO> schema = getSchema(VO.class);
            return serializeInternal(vo, schema, buffer);
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e.getMessage(), e);
        } finally {
            buffer.clear();
        }
    }
    public <T> T deserialize(final byte[] bytes) {
        try {
            Schema<VO> schema = getSchema(VO.class);
            VO vo = deserializeInternal(bytes, schema.newMessage(), schema);
            if (vo != null && vo.getValue() != null) {
                return (T) vo.getValue();
            }
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
        return null;
    }
    private <T> byte[] serializeInternal(final T source, final Schema<T> schema, final LinkedBuffer buffer) {
        return ProtostuffIOUtil.toByteArray(source, schema, buffer);
    }
    private <T> T deserializeInternal(final byte[] bytes, final T result, final Schema<T> schema) {
        ProtostuffIOUtil.mergeFrom(bytes, result, schema);
        return result;
    }
    private static <T> Schema<T> getSchema(Class<T> clazz) {
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        Schema<T> schema = (Schema<T>) cachedSchema.get(clazz);
        if (schema == null) {
            schema = RuntimeSchema.createFrom(clazz);
            cachedSchema.put(clazz, schema);
        }
        return schema;
    }
}

   

package com.sohu.tv.serializer;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
 * @author leifu
 * @Date 2015-8-22
 * @Time 上午10:05:44
 * @param <T>
 */
public class VO<T> implements Serializable {
    private T value;
    public VO(T value) {
        this.value = value;
    }
    public VO() {
    }
    public T getValue() {
        return value;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "VO{" +
                "value=" + value +
                '}';
    }
}

 

    (4)测试代码:

    @Test
    public void testJedisSerializable() {
        ProtostuffSerializer protostuffSerializer = new ProtostuffSerializer();
        Jedis jedis = null;
        try {
            jedis = new Jedis(JEDIS_HOST, JEDIS_PORT, JEDIS_TIME_OUT);
            String key = "sohuKeySerializable";
            // 序列化
            Club club = new Club(1, "AC", "米兰", new Date(), 1);
            byte[] clubBtyes = protostuffSerializer.serialize(club);
            jedis.set(key.getBytes(), clubBtyes);
            // 反序列化
            byte[] resultBtyes = jedis.get(key.getBytes());
            Club resultClub = protostuffSerializer.deserialize(resultBtyes);
            logger.info("get key {} from redis, value is {}", key, resultClub);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        } finally {
            if (jedis != null) {
                jedis.close();
            }
        }
    }

   

   (5)测试结果:

09:53:18.529 [main] INFO c.sohu.tv.test.jedis.JedisFirstTest - get key sohuKeySerializable from redis, value is Club [id=1, clubName=AC, clubInfo=米兰, createDate=Tue Sep 15 09:53:18 CST 2015, rank=1]

 

3. 连接池(推荐使用方式):一般线上系统的连接资源都是通过资源池的形式进行管理的。

package com.sohu.tv.test.jedis;
import java.util.Date;
import org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPoolConfig;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import com.sohu.tv.serializer.ProtostuffSerializer;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
/**
 * 第一个jedisPool测试
 * 
 * @author leifu
 * @Date 2015年8月24日
 * @Time 下午1:35:26
 */
public class JedisPoolTest {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JedisPoolTest.class);
    private static JedisPool jedisPool;
    /**
     * redis单机host
     */
    private final static String REDIS_HOST = "127.0.0.1";
    /**
     * redis单机port
     */
    private final static int REDIS_PORT = 6379;
    /**
     * 超时时间(毫秒)
     */
    private final static int JEDIS_POOL_TIME_OUT = 1000;
    @BeforeClass
    public static void testBeforeClass() {
        GenericObjectPoolConfig poolConfig = new GenericObjectPoolConfig();
        poolConfig.setMaxTotal(GenericObjectPoolConfig.DEFAULT_MAX_TOTAL * 5);
        poolConfig.setMaxIdle(GenericObjectPoolConfig.DEFAULT_MAX_IDLE * 3);
        poolConfig.setMinIdle(GenericObjectPoolConfig.DEFAULT_MIN_IDLE * 2);
        poolConfig.setJmxEnabled(true);
        poolConfig.setMaxWaitMillis(3000);
        jedisPool = new JedisPool(poolConfig, REDIS_HOST, REDIS_PORT, JEDIS_POOL_TIME_OUT);
    }
    @AfterClass
    public static void testAfterClass() {
        if (jedisPool != null) {
            jedisPool.destroy();
        }
    }
    @Test
    public void testJedisPool() {
        Jedis jedis = null;
        try {
            jedis = jedisPool.getResource();
            String key = "sohuKeyPool";
            jedis.set(key, "sohuValue");
            String value = jedis.get(key);
            logger.info("get key {} from redis, value is {}", key, value);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        } finally {
            if (jedis != null) {
                // 如果使用JedisPool,close操作不是关闭连接,代表归还资源池
                jedis.close();
            }
        }
    }
}

 

 

(3.1) 注意:jedis.close的实现:
(1) dataSource!=null代表使用的是连接池,所以jedis.close()代表归还连接给连接池
(2) dataSource=null代表直连,jedis.close代表关闭连接
(3) jedis.close放到finally里面做

    Jedis源码中:

@Override
  public void close() {
    if (dataSource != null) {
      if (client.isBroken()) {
        this.dataSource.returnBrokenResource(this);
      } else {
        this.dataSource.returnResource(this);
      }
    } else {
      client.close();
    }
  }

 

 

(3.2) GenericObjectPoolConfig参数说明如下
  1. maxActive: 链接池中最大连接数,默认为8. (并非越大越好,具体原因可以参考GenericObjectPool的实现)
  2. maxIdle: 链接池中最大空闲的连接数,默认为8.
  3. minIdle: 连接池中最少空闲的连接数,默认为0.
  4. maxWait: 当连接池资源耗尽时,调用者最大阻塞的时间,超时将跑出异常。单位,毫秒数;默认为-1.表示永不超时.
  5. jmxEnabled: 当设置为true, 且服务开启的jmx服务时,使用jconsole, jvisualvm等工具将看到如下关于连接池的很全面的统计,这些统计结果有助于优化自己的配置。

    Redis-Cluster实战--6.Jedis实战_第1张图片

其余配置如下:

  1. minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 连接空闲的最小时间,达到此值后空闲连接将可能会被移除。负值(-1)表示不移除。默认-1
     #这个也挺重要,一般不用移除,每次makeObject()开销比较大
     2. numTestsPerEvictionRun: 对于“空闲链接”检测线程而言,每次检测的链接资源的个数。默认为3
     3. testOnBorrow: 向调用者输出“链接”资源时,是否检测是有有效,如果无效则从连接池中移除,并尝试获取继续获取。默认为false
     #借资源时候是否要验证,比如jedis对象验证是 ip:port是否发生改变,且执行一个ping命令
     4. testOnReturn:  向连接池“归还”链接时,是否检测“链接”对象的有效性。默认为false。
     #还资源时候是否要验证,同上。
     5. testWhileIdle:  向调用者输出“链接”对象时,是否检测它的空闲超时;如果“链接”空闲超时,将会被移除。默认为false
     #空闲是否是否要定时检查一遍所有的对象
     6. timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis:  “空闲链接”检测线程,检测的周期,毫秒数。如果为负值,表示不运行“检测线程”。默认为-1.
     #9-11 的配置不是绝对的,关键要看对象是否足够健壮(比如是否有重连等机制)
     7. whenExhaustedAction: 当“连接池”中active数量达到阀值时,即“链接”资源耗尽时,连接池需要采取的手段, 默认为1:
      -> 0 : 抛出异常,
      -> 1 : 阻塞,直到有可用链接资源
       -> 2 : 强制创建新的链接资源
    
   上述(1-7)通常不需要设置,使用默认值即可。

四、Redis-Sentinel

JedisSentinelPool sentinelPool = new JedisSentinelPool(masterName, sentinelSet, poolConfig, timeout);
//获取jedis的方法和JedisPool一样的,不在赘述

 

masterName: sentinel配置中,监控主服务器的名称
sentinelSet: sentinel实例列表
poolConfig: common-pool包中的GenericObjectPoolConfig
timeout: 超时

 

   有一点需要注意的是:sentinelSet: sentinel实例列表,而不是具体的redis实例列表,这是因为为了实现高可用,jedis屏蔽了redis实例信息,所有实例信息(主从信息)都是通过sentinel获取。

五、Redis-Cluster

Set<HostAndPort> jedisClusterNodes = new HashSet<HostAndPort>();
jedisClusterNodes.add(new HostAndPort("127.0.0.1", 7379));
....
PipelineCluster pipelineCluster = new PipelineCluster(jedisPoolConfig, nodeList, timeout);

//获取jedis的方法和JedisPool一样的,不在赘述

 

nodeList: redis实例列表
jedisPoolConfig: common-pool包中的GenericObjectPoolConfig
timeout: 超时时间

 

    有一点需要注意的是:nodeList尽可能写入所有的redis实例信息(虽然jedis可以从任一redis实例获取到集群的信息。)

 

   有兴趣的可以一下jedis源码中JedisClusterConnectionHandler这个类的initializeSlotsCache方法:

   

private void initializeSlotsCache(Set<HostAndPort> startNodes, GenericObjectPoolConfig poolConfig) {
    for (HostAndPort hostAndPort : startNodes) {
      Jedis jedis = new Jedis(hostAndPort.getHost(), hostAndPort.getPort());
      try {
        cache.discoverClusterNodesAndSlots(jedis);
        break;
      } catch (JedisConnectionException e) {
        // try next nodes
      } finally {
        if (jedis != null) {
          jedis.close();
        }
      }
    }

    for (HostAndPort node : startNodes) {
      cache.setNodeIfNotExist(node);
    }
  }
    附一个redis-cluster工厂类:
package com.sohu.tv.common;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPoolConfig;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import redis.clients.jedis.HostAndPort;
import redis.clients.jedis.PipelineCluster;
/**
 * redis-cluster java客户端工具类(单例)
 * 
 * @author leifu
 * @Date 2015-8-30
 * @Time 上午10:08:12
 */
public class RedisClusterComponent {
    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
    private static RedisClusterComponent redisClusterComponent = new RedisClusterComponent();
    private static final String HOST = "127.0.0.1";
    /**
     * redisCluster客户端
     */
    private PipelineCluster redisCluster;
    /**
     * 客户端超时时间
     */
    private final static int TIME_OUT = 5;
    private RedisClusterComponent() {
        // common-pool配置
        GenericObjectPoolConfig poolConfig = getCommonPoolConfig();
        try {
            // redis节点信息
            Set<HostAndPort> nodeList = new HashSet<HostAndPort>();
            nodeList.add(new HostAndPort(HOST, 8000));
            nodeList.add(new HostAndPort(HOST, 8001));
            nodeList.add(new HostAndPort(HOST, 8002));
            nodeList.add(new HostAndPort(HOST, 8003));
            nodeList.add(new HostAndPort(HOST, 8004));
            nodeList.add(new HostAndPort(HOST, 8005));
            redisCluster = new PipelineCluster(poolConfig, nodeList, TIME_OUT);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
    }
    /**
     * 生成默认的common-pool配置
     * 
     * @return
     */
    public static GenericObjectPoolConfig getCommonPoolConfig() {
        GenericObjectPoolConfig poolConfig = new GenericObjectPoolConfig();
        poolConfig.setMaxTotal(GenericObjectPoolConfig.DEFAULT_MAX_TOTAL * 10);
        poolConfig.setMaxIdle(GenericObjectPoolConfig.DEFAULT_MAX_IDLE * 5);
        poolConfig.setMinIdle(GenericObjectPoolConfig.DEFAULT_MAX_IDLE * 2);
        // JedisPool.borrowObject最大等待时间
        poolConfig.setMaxWaitMillis(1000L);
        // 开启jmx
        poolConfig.setJmxEnabled(true);
        return poolConfig;
    }
    public static RedisClusterComponent getInstance() {
        return redisClusterComponent;
    }
    public void destroy() {
        if (redisCluster != null) {
            redisCluster.close();
        }
    }
    public PipelineCluster getRedisCluster() {
        return redisCluster;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(RedisClusterComponent.getInstance().getRedisCluster().set("testa", "b"));
    }
}
 

    

六、总结和经验:

 

总体来说,通过jedis来连接操作redis是比较简单,只是按照redis单机、redis-sentinel、redis-cluster略有不同,但是有几点还是共通和需要注意的:

(1) 无论哪种类型的redis最终获取数据都是通过jedis从一个redis实例获取的。

(2) try catch finally操作是有必要的。(做异常梳理,关闭资源的)

(3) jedis.close()的实现方式针对不同类型的redis有很大不同(上面已经提过了)

(4) jedis依赖了common-pool,有关common-pool的参数需要根据不同的使用场景,各不相同,需要具体问题具体分析。

(5) jedis没有提供序列化功能(xmemcached, ehcache都有), 开发者可以根据自己的需求选取合适的序列化方式(附赠一篇序列化不错的文章:http://www.infoq.com/cn/articles/serialization-and-deserialization)

 

 

 

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