ibatis2中的一对多和一对一映射

直接看代码。部分细节,请自行参透,你懂的。。

这里先来演示ibatis2.x中的一对多映射

首先是位于CLASSPATH中的ibatis2的全局配置文件SqlMapConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE sqlMapConfig      
    PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map Config 2.0//EN"      
    "http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-config-2.dtd">
<sqlMapConfig>
	<settings useStatementNamespaces="true"/>
	<transactionManager type="JDBC">
		<dataSource type="SIMPLE">
			<property name="JDBC.Driver" value="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver" />
			<property name="JDBC.ConnectionURL" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:jadyer" />
			<property name="JDBC.Username" value="scott" />
			<property name="JDBC.Password" value="jadyer" />
		</dataSource>
	</transactionManager>
	<sqlMap resource="com/jadyer/model/User.xml" />
	<sqlMap resource="com/jadyer/model/People.xml" />
</sqlMapConfig>

然后是演示一对多映射用到的两个实体类

package com.jadyer.model;
import java.util.List;
public class User {
	private Integer id;              //主键
	private String name;             //姓名
	private String job;              //工作
	private List<Address> addresses; //地址。一个人可能有很多的居住地
	/*--它们的setter和getter略--*/
}

/**
 * 上面是演示一对多用到的User实体类
 * 下面是演示一对多用到的Address实体类
 */

package com.jadyer.model;
public class Address {
	private Integer id;       //主键
	private Integer userId;   //对应User类的id
	private String address;   //地址
	private Integer postcode; //邮编
	/*--它们的setter和getter略--*/
}

接着是演示一对多映射用到的实体类映射文件User.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE sqlMap      
    PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map 2.0//EN"      
    "http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-2.dtd">
<sqlMap namespace="User">
	<typeAlias alias="user" type="com.jadyer.model.User"/>
	<typeAlias alias="address" type="com.jadyer.model.Address"/>
	
	<resultMap id="get-user-result" class="user">
		<result property="id" column="ID"/>
		<result property="name" column="NAME"/>
		<result property="job" column="JOB"/>
		<result property="addresses" column="id" select="User.getAddressesByUserId"/> 
	</resultMap>
	
	<select id="getAddressesByUserId" parameterClass="int" resultClass="address">
		select address, postcode from t_address where user_id = #userId#
	</select>
	<select id="getUsers" resultMap="get-user-result">
		select id, name, job from t_user
	</select>
	<select id="getUserByName" parameterClass="java.lang.String" resultMap="get-user-result">
		select id, name, job from t_user where name = #name#
	</select>
</sqlMap>
<!--
实际开发中,常常遇到关联数据的情况
如User对象拥有若干Address对象,每个Address对象描述了对应User的一个联系地址
此时通常做法是,通过Statement读取用户数据,再手工调用另一个Statement根据用户ID返回对应Address信息
不过这样未免过于繁琐。于是ibatis提供了Statement嵌套支持,通过Statement嵌套,即可实现关联数据的操作
【这里通过在<resultMap/>中定义嵌套查询getAddressByUserId,实现了关联数据的读取】
实际上,这种方式类似于前面所说的通过两条单独的Statement进行关联数据的读取
只是将关联关系在配置中加以描述,由ibatis自动完成关联数据的读取。但,这时就有一个潜在的性能问题,即N+1
所以,在实际的系统设计中,应根据具体情况,采用一些规避手段,如:使用存储过程集中处理大批量关联数据
从而避免因为N+1的问题而导致产品品质上的缺陷
-->

然后是使用了JUnit4.x的单元测试类IbatisOneToManyTest.java

package com.jadyer.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.ibatis.common.resources.Resources;
import com.ibatis.sqlmap.client.SqlMapClient;
import com.ibatis.sqlmap.client.SqlMapClientBuilder;
import com.jadyer.model.Address;
import com.jadyer.model.User;

public class IbatisOneToManyTest {
	private static SqlMapClient sqlMapClient = null;
	
	/**
	 * 读取ibatis配置文件,连接数据库,并创建SqlMapClient
	 */
	@BeforeClass
	public static void readConfig() throws IOException {
		Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("SqlMapConfig.xml");
		sqlMapClient = SqlMapClientBuilder.buildSqlMapClient(reader);
		reader.close();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取所有用户的,包含了地址的,详细资料
	 */
	@Test
	public void getUsers() throws SQLException {
		List<User> userList = sqlMapClient.queryForList("User.getUsers");
		for(User user : userList){
			System.out.println("==>" + user.getName() + ":" + user.getJob());
			for(Address address : user.getAddresses()){
				System.out.println(address.getAddress() + "---" +address.getPostcode());
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取指定用户的,包含了地址的,详细资料
	 */
	@Test
	public void getUserByName() throws SQLException {
		User user = (User)sqlMapClient.queryForObject("User.getUserByName", "王怜花");
		System.out.println("==>" + user.getName() + ":" + user.getJob());
		for(Address address : user.getAddresses()){
			System.out.println(address.getAddress() + "---" +address.getPostcode());
		}
	}
}

最后是演示一对多映射用到的数据库脚本文件

-- Oracle 11g

-- Create table
create table t_user(
  id    number,
  name  varchar2(10),
  job varchar2(20)
);

create table t_address(
  id    number,
  user_id number,
  address varchar2(20),
  postcode number
);

-- Add data
insert into t_user values(1, '沈浪', '侠客');
insert into t_user values(2, '王怜花', '军师');
insert into t_user values(3, '金不换', '财务');
insert into t_address values(1, 1, '来无影去无踪', 999999);
insert into t_address values(2, 1, '赏金侠客天君', 888888);
insert into t_address values(3, 1, '万剑山庄之主', 777777);
insert into t_address values(4, 2, '鬼魅狐影奸狭', 666666);
insert into t_address values(5, 2, '易容之术无敌', 555555);
insert into t_address values(6, 3, '鬼迷心窍恋财', 444444);
insert into t_address values(7, 3, '厚颜无耻杯具', 333333);

下面演示ibatis2.x中的一对一映射

首先是演示一对一映射用到的实体类People.java

package com.jadyer.model;

public class People {
	private Integer id;  //主键
	private String name; //姓名
	private String job;  //工作
	private String sex;  //性别。唯一
	private String card; //身份证编号。唯一
	/*--它们的setter和getter略--*/
}

然后是演示一对一映射用到的实体类映射文件People.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE sqlMap      
    PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map 2.0//EN"      
    "http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-2.dtd">
<sqlMap namespace="People">
	<typeAlias alias="people" type="com.jadyer.model.People"/>
	
	<resultMap id="get-people-result" class="people">
		<result property="id" column="ID"/>
		<result property="name" column="NAME"/>
		<result property="job" column="JOB"/>
		<result property="sex" column="SEX"/>
		<result property="card" column="CARD"/>
	</resultMap>
	
	<select id="getPeoples" resultMap="get-people-result">
		select * from t_people, t_identity where t_people.id = t_identity.people_id
	</select>
	<select id="getPeopleByName" parameterClass="java.lang.String" resultMap="get-people-result">
		select * from t_people, t_identity where name = #name# and t_people.id = t_identity.people_id
	</select>
</sqlMap>
<!--
一对一关联
一对一关联是一对多关联的一种特例。这种情况下,如果一对多的编写方式,将导致1+1条SQL的执行
此时,我们可以采用一次Select两张表的方式,避免这样的性能开销
这时,还应保证People类中包含sex和card两个属性。且此时一个People类就够了,并不需要Identity类
-->

接着是使用了JUnit4.x的单元测试类IbatisOneToOneTest.java

package com.jadyer.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.ibatis.common.resources.Resources;
import com.ibatis.sqlmap.client.SqlMapClient;
import com.ibatis.sqlmap.client.SqlMapClientBuilder;
import com.jadyer.model.People;

public class IbatisOneToOneTest {
	private static SqlMapClient sqlMapClient = null;
	
	/**
	 * 读取ibatis配置文件,连接数据库,并创建SqlMapClient
	 */
	@BeforeClass
	public static void readConfig() throws IOException {
		Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("SqlMapConfig.xml");
		sqlMapClient = SqlMapClientBuilder.buildSqlMapClient(reader);
		reader.close();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取所有用户的,包含了身份证的,详细资料
	 */
	@Test
	public void getPeoples() throws SQLException {
		List<People> peopleList = sqlMapClient.queryForList("People.getPeoples");
		for(People people : peopleList){
			System.out.println("==>" + people.getName() + ":" + people.getCard());
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取指定用户的,包含了身份证的,详细资料
	 */
	@Test
	public void getPeopleByName() throws SQLException {
		People people = (People)sqlMapClient.queryForObject("People.getPeopleByName", "陈文锦");
		System.out.println("==>" + people.getName() + ":" + people.getCard());
	}
}

最后是演示一对一映射用到的数据库脚本文件

-- Oracle 11g

-- Create table
create table t_people(
  id    number,
  name  varchar2(8),
  job varchar2(20)
);

create table t_identity(
  id    number,
  people_id number,
  sex varchar2(2),
  card number
);

-- Add data
insert into t_people values(1, '张起灵', '武器');
insert into t_people values(2, '陈文锦', '领队');
insert into t_people values(3, '吴三省', '插班');
insert into t_identity values(1, 1, '男', 777777777777);
insert into t_identity values(2, 2, '女', 666666666666);
insert into t_identity values(3, 3, '男', 555555555555);


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