在系统中生成业务ID的几种方法

在系统中,除了使用数据库表本身的Id,如何生成各种业务Id?一下记录几种生成Id的方式:

  1. 使用数据库表记录生成的Id,以MySQL为例:

1) 首先创建一个数据库表,来记录当前的业务Id

CREATE TABLE `global_auto_number` (
  `id` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
  `version_optimized_lock` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `business_key` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'Can use full business class name as business key',
  `current_num` bigint(22) NOT NULL COMMENT 'current number',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `UK_AUTO_NUMBER` (`business_key`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 

 2) 获取Id的方法:

int currentCount = jdbcTemplate.update("update global_auto_number set current_num = LAST_INSERT_ID(current_num + 1) where business_key = ?", new Object[] {businessKey});

if(currentCount == 0) {
     jdbcTemplate.update("insert into global_auto_number (id, version_optimized_lock, business_key, current_num) values (?, 1, ?, 0)", new Object[] {UUIDGenerator.generateUUID(),businessKey});
     jdbcTemplate.update("update global_auto_number set current_num = LAST_INSERT_ID(current_num + 1) where business_key = ?", new Object[] {businessKey});
}
return jdbcTemplate.queryForLong("select LAST_INSERT_ID()");

 3) 按照业务逻辑格式化获取的Id。例如:

String.format("SEQ%09d", 123)

 4) 注意事务需要用REQUIRES_NEW,否则在并发环境下会出现大量乐观锁问题。

 

2. 使用随机数来生成随机的Id,例如使用同一个Id来追踪后台响应用户操作的各种log

   public static String generateRandomId() {
      byte[] bytes = new byte[10];
      try {
         SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG").nextBytes(bytes);
      }
      catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
         throw new RuntimeException(e);
      }
      return toHexString(bytes);
   }
   
   final protected static char[] hexArray = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray();
   public static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
       char[] hexChars = new char[bytes.length * 2];
       for ( int j = 0; j < bytes.length; j++ ) {
           int v = bytes[j] & 0xFF;
           hexChars[j * 2] = hexArray[v >>> 4];
           hexChars[j * 2 + 1] = hexArray[v & 0x0F];
       }
       return new String(hexChars);
   }

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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