spring mvc注解例子

弃用了struts，用spring mvc框架做了几个项目，感觉都不错，而且使用了注解方式，可以省掉一大堆配置文件。本文主要介绍使用注解方式配置的spring mvc，之前写的 spring3.0 mvc和rest小例子没有介绍到数据层的内容，现在这一篇补上。下面开始贴代码。

文中用的框架版本：spring 3,hibernate 3,没有的，自己上网下。

web.xml配置：

<? xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " UTF-8 " ?>
< web - app xmlns:xsi = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance " xmlns = " http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee " xmlns:web = " http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd " xsi:schemaLocation = " http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd " id = " WebApp_ID " version = " 2.5 " >
   < display - name > s3h3 </ display - name >
    < context - param >
      < param - name > contextConfigLocation </ param - name >
      < param - value > classpath:applicationContext * .xml </ param - value >
</ context - param >
   < listener >
      < listener - class > org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </ listener - class >
</ listener >

< servlet >
      < servlet - name > spring </ servlet - name >
      < servlet - class > org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </ servlet - class >
      < load - on - startup > 1 </ load - on - startup >
</ servlet >
< servlet - mapping >
      < servlet - name > spring </ servlet - name >    
      < url - pattern >* . do </ url - pattern >
</ servlet - mapping >
   < welcome - file - list >
     < welcome - file > index.jsp </ welcome - file >
   </ welcome - file - list >
</ web - app >

spring-servlet,主要配置controller的信息

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
   < beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" >

   < context:annotation-config />
        
       < context:component-scan base-package ="com.mvc.controller" />
   
       < bean class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />

        
        < bean class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          p:prefix ="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix =".jsp" />

        < bean id ="multipartResolver"
          class ="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"
          p:defaultEncoding ="utf-8" />
</ beans >

applicationContext.xml代码

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
< beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation ="
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd" >

< context:annotation-config />
< context:component-scan base-package ="com.mvc" />    

< context:property-placeholder location ="classpath:/hibernate.properties" />

< bean id ="sessionFactory"
  class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean" >
   < property name ="dataSource" ref ="dataSource" />
   < property name ="hibernateProperties" >
    < props >
     < prop key ="hibernate.dialect" > ${dataSource.dialect} </ prop >
     < prop key ="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" > ${dataSource.hbm2ddl.auto} </ prop >
     < prop key ="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" > update </ prop >
    </ props >
   </ property >
   < property name ="packagesToScan" >
    < list >
     < value > com.mvc.entity </ value > 
    </ list >
     </ property >
</ bean >

< bean id ="transactionManager"
  class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
   < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory" />
   < property name ="dataSource" ref ="dataSource" />
</ bean >

< bean id ="dataSource"
  class ="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" >
   < property name ="driverClassName" value ="${dataSource.driverClassName}" />
   < property name ="url" value ="${dataSource.url}" />
   < property name ="username" value ="${dataSource.username}" />
   < property name ="password" value ="${dataSource.password}" />
</ bean >

< bean id ="entityDao" class ="com.mvc.dao.EntityDaoImpl" >
   < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory" />
</ bean >
< tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager ="transactionManager" />
< tx:annotation-driven mode ="aspectj" />

     < aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
</ beans >

hibernate.properties数据库连接配置

dataSource.password=123
dataSource.username=root
dataSource.databaseName=test
dataSource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
dataSource.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
dataSource.serverName=localhost:3306
dataSource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
dataSource.properties=user=${dataSource.username};databaseName=${dataSource.databaseName};serverName=${dataSource.serverName};password=${dataSource.password}
dataSource.hbm2ddl.auto=update

配置已经完成，下面开始例子
先在数据库建表，例子用的是mysql数据库

CREATE TABLE  `test`.`student` (
  `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
  `psw` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)

建好表后，生成实体类

package com.mvc.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Basic;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "student")
public class Student implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    @Id
    @Basic(optional = false)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "id", nullable = false)
    private Integer id;
    @Column(name = "name")
    private String user;
    @Column(name = "psw")
    private String psw;
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUser() {
        return user;
    }
    public void setUser(String user) {
        this.user = user;
    }
    public String getPsw() {
        return psw;
    }
    public void setPsw(String psw) {
        this.psw = psw;
    }
}

Dao层实现

package com.mvc.dao;

import java.util.List;

public interface EntityDao

{
    public List<Object> createQuery(final String queryString);
    public Object save(final Object model);
    public void update(final Object model);
    public void delete(final Object model);
}

package com.mvc.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateCallback;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

public class EntityDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements EntityDao

{
public List<Object> createQuery(final String queryString)

{
        return (List<Object>) getHibernateTemplate().execute(
                new HibernateCallback<Object>()

{
                    public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)
                            throws org.hibernate.HibernateException

{
                        Query query = session.createQuery(queryString);
                        List<Object> rows = query.list();
                        return rows;
                    }
                });
    }
    public Object save(final Object model)

{
        return  getHibernateTemplate().execute(
                new HibernateCallback<Object>()

{
                    public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)
                            throws org.hibernate.HibernateException

{
                        session.save(model);
                        return null;
                    }
                });
    }
    public void update(final Object model)

{
getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>()

{
            public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)
                    throws org.hibernate.HibernateException

{
                session.update(model);
                return null;
            }
        });
    }
    public void delete(final Object model)

{
getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>()

{
            public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)
                    throws org.hibernate.HibernateException

{
                session.delete(model);
                return null;
            }
        });
    }
}

Dao在applicationContext.xml注入

< bean id ="entityDao" class ="com.mvc.dao.EntityDaoImpl" >
< property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory" />
</ bean >

Dao只有一个类的实现，直接供其它service层调用，如果你想更换为其它的Dao实现，也只需修改这里的配置就行了。
开始写view页面，WEB-INF/view下新建页面student.jsp，WEB-INF/view这路径是在spring-servlet.xml文件配置的，你可以配置成其它，也可以多个路径。student.jsp代码

@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<%

// --></script>
<style><!--
table

{ border-collapse:collapse; }
td

{ border:1px solid #f00; }
--></style><style mce_bogus="1">table

{ border-collapse:collapse; }
td

{ border:1px solid #f00; }</style>
<script type="text/javascript"><!--
function add()

{
    window.location.href="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do?method=add";
}

function del(id)

{
$.ajax(

{
    type : "POST",
    url : "<%=request.getContextPath()%>/student.do?method=del&id=" + id,
    dataType: "json",
    success : function(data)

{
if(data.del == "true")

{
            alert("删除成功！");
            $("#" + id).remove();
        }
        else

{
            alert("删除失败！");
        }
    },
    error :function()

{
        alert("网络连接出错！");
    }
});
}
// --></script>
</head>
<body>

<input id="add" type="button" onclick="add()" value="添加"/>
<table >
    <tr>
        <td>序号</td>
        <td>姓名</td>
        <td>密码</td>
        <td>操作</td>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach items="${list}" var="student">
    <tr id="<c:out value="$

{student.id}"/>">
        <td><c:out value="${student.id}"/></td>
        <td><c:out value="${student.user}"/></td>
        <td><c:out value="${student.psw}"/></td>
        <td>
            <input type="button" value="编辑"/>
            <input type="button" onclick="del('<c:out value="$

{student.id}"/>')" value="删除"/>
        </td>
    </tr>
    </c:forEach>

</table>
</body>
</html>

student_add.jsp

@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<%

@ include file="/include/head.jsp" %>
<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" >
< html >
< head >
< meta http-equiv ="Content-Type" content ="text/html; charset=UTF-8" >
< title > 学生添加 </ title >
< mce:script type ="text/javascript" >  </ mce:script >
</ head >
< body >
< form method ="post" action ="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do?method=save" >
< div >< c:out value ="${addstate}" ></ c:out ></ div >
< table >
     < tr >< td > 姓名 </ td >< td >< input id ="user" name ="user" type ="text" /></ td ></ tr >
     < tr >< td > 密码 </ td >< td >< input id ="psw" name ="psw"   type ="text" /></ td ></ tr >
     < tr >< td colSpan ="2" align ="center" >< input type ="submit" value ="提交" />< input type ="button" onclick ="turnback()" value ="返回" /> </ td ></ tr >
</ table >

</ form >
</ body >
</ html >

controller类实现，只需把注解写上，spring就会自动帮你找到相应的bean，相应的注解标记意义，不明白的，可以自己查下@Service，@Controller，@Entity等等的内容。

package com.mvc.controller;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.mvc.entity.Student;
import com.mvc.service.StudentService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping( " /student.do " )
public class StudentController

{
    protected final transient Log log = LogFactory
    .getLog(StudentController.class);
    @Autowired
    private StudentService studentService;
    public StudentController()

{

    }

    @RequestMapping
    public String load(ModelMap modelMap)

{
        List<Object> list = studentService.getStudentList();
        modelMap.put("list", list);
        return "student";
    }

    @RequestMapping(params = "method=add")
    public String add(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception

{
        return "student_add";
    }

    @RequestMapping(params = "method=save")
    public String save(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap modelMap)

{
        String user = request.getParameter("user");
        String psw = request.getParameter("psw");
        Student st = new Student();
        st.setUser(user);
        st.setPsw(psw);
        try

{
            studentService.save(st);
            modelMap.put("addstate", "添加成功");
        }
        catch(Exception e)

{
            log.error(e.getMessage());
            modelMap.put("addstate", "添加失败");
        }

        return "student_add";
    }

    @RequestMapping(params = "method=del")
    public void del(@RequestParam("id") String id, HttpServletResponse response)

{
try

{
            Student st = new Student();
            st.setId(Integer.valueOf(id));
            studentService.delete(st);
            response.getWriter().print("{\"del\":\"true\"}");
        }
        catch(Exception e)

{
            log.error(e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

service类实现

package com.mvc.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.mvc.dao.EntityDao;
import com.mvc.entity.Student;

@Service
public class StudentService

{
@Autowired
private EntityDao entityDao;

@Transactional
public List<Object> getStudentList()

{
  StringBuffer sff = new StringBuffer();
  sff.append("select a from ").append(Student.class.getSimpleName()).append(" a ");
  List<Object> list = entityDao.createQuery(sff.toString());
  return list;
}

public void save(Student st)

{
  entityDao.save(st);
}
public void delete(Object obj)

{
  entityDao.delete(obj);
}
}

OK，例子写完。有其它业务内容，只需直接新建view，并实现相应comtroller和service就行了，配置和dao层的内容基本不变，也就是每次只需写jsp（view），controller和service调用dao就行了。

怎样，看了这个，spring mvc是不是比ssh实现更方便灵活。

完整源码： srping mvc注解实现(在这篇文章的后面附件，这个是我另一个博客的地址）

spring mvc注解例子

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