同事的一篇Blog 讲使用TDD 其实核心不在于测试，而在于测试的回馈：影响设计和后续的好处
When asked "Do you write tests?", a lot of developers these days will say "of course" as their answers. However, not everyone can admit to doing TDD (Test Driven Development) correctly. Test Driven Development says, a developer will write a test that fails first, then write code to make the test pass, and refactor when possible, and repeat. This is what most people's TDD rhythm is. For the most part this is fairly easy to do. But to reach the next level, one has to understand TDD as a tool: TDD means more than just test your own code. Here is a couple tips on what the last "D" means:
Discipline
It takes a great deal of discipline to even write a failing test before writing the actual code. Sometimes, we write a little seudo-code here, or move a method definition there, or changing code else where trying to see if more new code needs to be written after it, and sooner than you think you are writing the actual implementation of the methods you wanted to test (Test Afterwards Development anyone?). Other times you write the test, but you are too anxious to even run it and see it fails. And other times you want to jump into the actual code immediately when you see your new test fails, but failing for the unexpected reasons.
Don't fall into these traps. If anything is true,
testing is hard, but it is at the same time rewarding and fun. What's also true is,
it will pay off. Write the failing test, draw up your list of tests you will need to write, and satisfy them one by one. Having discipline is the cornerstone of becoming a better programmer.
Design
It takes too long to write a test? Tests are running too slowly? Are your tests difficult to read? Are they too brittle and fail all the time? Hang in there! You ever had the feeling you saw code in the codebase that irks the living hell out of your mind written by someone else on your team? Well, it is time for you to get some of these feedback about your own code. Yay, your code sucks! Your tests are telling you that! Let's address each of these one by one.
Slow running tests? You shouldn't be hitting a database or web service in your unit tests, because you can mock/stub them out. Difficult to mock/stub it out? There probably is a better way to design your classes your tests are hitting. Ever heard of Inversion of Control (or Dependency Injection)? Master them. True TDD masters use them extensively.
Unreadable tests? Is it because of too many mocks/stubs? Or is it the code is 500 lines long and doing high octane 720-double-backflip logic? Either way, you have to learn to like small objects. Check this blog post of mine out.
Hard to test something? Tests too brittle? Perhaps you have encapsulation issues in your class design. If your classes are referencing 15 other neighbors, of course they are hard to mock/stub. Chances are, you have to spend time to debug your tests to find out what's wrong! Heard of Law of Demeter? Even if you have, take a look at this highly entertaining yet informative post. It might change your perspective a little.
The bottom line is, TDD is a way to guide you to writing good code, but only if you know how to use it as a tool. Now that you know, hopefully you will have a new perspective next time you write a test.