Android Junit单元测试4部曲

Android Junit单元测试4部曲

　　我们曾经和大家探讨过全面剖析Java ME单元测试理念，其实在Android上实现JUnit单元测试也不是很困难，主要是在配置文件和测试环境上将花费很长时间，下面从四步简单讲一下在Android上实现Junit单元测试。

　　第一步：新建一个TestCase，记得要继承androidTestCase，才能有getContext()来获取当前的上下文变量，这在Android测试中很重要的，因为很多的Android api都需要context。

　　Java代码

public class TestMath extends AndroidTestCase { private int i1; private int i2; static final String LOG_TAG = "MathTest"; @Override protected void setUp() throws Exception { i1 = 2; i2 = 3; } public void testAdd() { assertTrue("testAdd failed", ((i1 + i2) == 5)); } public void testDec() { assertTrue("testDec failed", ((i2 - i1) == 1)); } @Override protected void tearDown() throws Exception { super.tearDown(); } @Override public void testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly() { super.testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly(); //Log.d( LOG_TAG, "testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly" ); } }

　　第二步：新建一个TestSuit，这个就继承Junit的TestSuite就可以了，注意这里是用的addTestSuite方法，一开始使用addTest方法就是不能成功。

　　Java代码

public class ExampleSuite extends TestSuite {                public ExampleSuite() {            addTestSuite(TestMath.class);        }        }

第三步：新建一个Activity，用来启动单元测试，并显示测试结果。系统的AndroidTestRunner竟然什么连个UI界面也没有实现，这里只是最简单的实现了一个

　　Java代码

public class TestActivity extends Activity { private TextView resultView; private TextView barView; private TextView messageView; private Thread testRunnerThread; private static final int SHOW_RESULT = 0; private static final int ERROR_FIND = 1; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); resultView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.ResultView); barView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.BarView); messageView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.MessageView); Button lunch = (Button)findViewById(R.id.LunchButton); lunch.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { startTest(); } }); } private void showMessage(String message) { hander.sendMessage(hander.obtainMessage(ERROR_FIND, message)); } private void showResult(String text) { hander.sendMessage(hander.obtainMessage(SHOW_RESULT, text)); } private synchronized void startTest() { if (testRunnerThread != null && testRunnerThread.isAlive()) { testRunnerThread = null; } if (testRunnerThread == null) { testRunnerThread = new Thread(new TestRunner(this)); testRunnerThread.start(); } else { Toast.makeText(this, "Test is still running", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } public Handler hander = new Handler() { public void handleMessage(Message msg) { switch (msg.what) { case SHOW_RESULT: resultView.setText(msg.obj.toString()); break; case ERROR_FIND: messageView.append(msg.obj.toString()); barView.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED); break; default: break; } } }; class TestRunner implements Runnable, TestListener { private Activity parentActivity; private int testCount; private int errorCount; private int failureCount; public TestRunner(Activity parentActivity) { this.parentActivity = parentActivity; } @Override public void run() { testCount = 0; errorCount = 0; failureCount = 0; ExampleSuite suite = new ExampleSuite(); AndroidTestRunner testRunner = new AndroidTestRunner(); testRunner.setTest(suite); testRunner.addTestListener(this); testRunner.setContext(parentActivity); testRunner.runTest(); } @Override public void addError(Test test, Throwable t) { errorCount++; showMessage(t.getMessage() + "\n"); } @Override public void addFailure(Test test, AssertionFailedError t) { failureCount++; showMessage(t.getMessage() + "\n"); } @Override public void endTest(Test test) { showResult(getResult());            } @Override public void startTest(Test test) { testCount++; } private String getResult() { int successCount = testCount - failureCount - errorCount; return "Test:" + testCount + " Success:" + successCount + " Failed:" + failureCount + " Error:" + errorCount; } } }

　第四步：修改AndroidManifest.xml,加入，不然会提示找不到AndroidTestRunner，这里需要注意是这句话是放在applications下面的，我一开始也不知道，放错了地方，浪费了不少时间

　　Xml代码

xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:Android=http://schemas.Android.com/apk/res/Android package="com.test.sample" Android:versionCode="1" Android:versionName="1.0"> <application Android:icon="@drawable/icon" Android:label="@string/app_name" Android:debuggable="true">              <activity Android:name=".TestActivity" Android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action Android:name="Android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category Android:name="Android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> intent-filter> activity> <uses-library Android:name="Android.test.runner" /> application> <uses-sdk Android:minSdkVersion="4" /> manifest