基于顺序存储实现的多叉树(7):深度遍历
类型定义 在多叉树中,深度遍历迭代器有只读、读写、只读反转、读写反转4种,在mtree容器中的 定义如下:
1
typedef fd_iterator_impl
<
false
,
false
>
fd_iterator;
2 typedef fd_iterator_impl < false , true > reverse_fd_iterator;
3 typedef fd_iterator_impl < true , false > const_fd_iterator;
4 typedef fd_iterator_impl < true , true > const_reverse_fd_iterator;
2 typedef fd_iterator_impl < false , true > reverse_fd_iterator;
3 typedef fd_iterator_impl < true , false > const_fd_iterator;
4 typedef fd_iterator_impl < true , true > const_reverse_fd_iterator;
接口定义
多叉树的深度遍历是指访问某子树某同一深度上的所有结点,下面代码是深度遍历迭代器的声明:
1
template
<
bool
is_const,
bool
is_reverse
>
2 class fd_iterator_impl : public iterator_base_impl < is_const >
3 {
4 friend class mtree<T,false>;
5 typedef iterator_base_impl<is_const> base_type;
6 typedef typename base_type::node_pointer_type node_pointer_type;
7 typedef typename base_type::tree_pointer_type tree_pointer_type;
8 using base_type::tree_;
9 using base_type::off_;
10 using base_type::root_;
11 public:
12 fd_iterator_impl();
13 fd_iterator_impl(const base_type& iter,size_t depth);
14 fd_iterator_impl& operator++();
15 fd_iterator_impl& operator--();
16 fd_iterator_impl operator++(int);
17 fd_iterator_impl operator--(int);
18 fd_iterator_impl operator + (size_t off);
19 fd_iterator_impl& operator += (size_t off);
20 fd_iterator_impl operator - (size_t off);
21 fd_iterator_impl& operator -= (size_t off);
22 fd_iterator_impl begin() const;
23 fd_iterator_impl end() const;
24 protected:
25 void first(no_reverse_tag);
26 void first(reverse_tag);
27 void last(no_reverse_tag);
28 void last(reverse_tag);
29 void increment(no_reverse_tag);
30 void increment(reverse_tag);
31 void decrement(no_reverse_tag);
32 void decrement(reverse_tag);
33 private:
34 void forward_first();
35 void forward_last();
36 void forward_next();
37 void forward_prev();
38 private:
39 size_t depth_;
40 } ;
2 class fd_iterator_impl : public iterator_base_impl < is_const >
3 {
4 friend class mtree<T,false>;
5 typedef iterator_base_impl<is_const> base_type;
6 typedef typename base_type::node_pointer_type node_pointer_type;
7 typedef typename base_type::tree_pointer_type tree_pointer_type;
8 using base_type::tree_;
9 using base_type::off_;
10 using base_type::root_;
11 public:
12 fd_iterator_impl();
13 fd_iterator_impl(const base_type& iter,size_t depth);
14 fd_iterator_impl& operator++();
15 fd_iterator_impl& operator--();
16 fd_iterator_impl operator++(int);
17 fd_iterator_impl operator--(int);
18 fd_iterator_impl operator + (size_t off);
19 fd_iterator_impl& operator += (size_t off);
20 fd_iterator_impl operator - (size_t off);
21 fd_iterator_impl& operator -= (size_t off);
22 fd_iterator_impl begin() const;
23 fd_iterator_impl end() const;
24 protected:
25 void first(no_reverse_tag);
26 void first(reverse_tag);
27 void last(no_reverse_tag);
28 void last(reverse_tag);
29 void increment(no_reverse_tag);
30 void increment(reverse_tag);
31 void decrement(no_reverse_tag);
32 void decrement(reverse_tag);
33 private:
34 void forward_first();
35 void forward_last();
36 void forward_next();
37 void forward_prev();
38 private:
39 size_t depth_;
40 } ;
接口实现
下面重点讲述深度遍历中 4种定位方法的具体实现,随后列出 其它所有方法的实现代码。
(1)fo rward_first:求正向 第一 个结点,步骤如下:a) 向下遍历第一个孩子,如果存在第一个孩子则深度加1,并继续该过程直到达到某深度为止,否则转到步骤b)。b) 向右遍历兄弟结点,如果存在右兄弟且该右兄弟没有孩子结点,则继续该过程直到存在孩子结点为止,这时转向步骤a),否则转到步骤c)。c) 向上遍历父结点,深度减1,直到父结点存在右兄弟或碰到子树根结点或不存在父结点为止,如果碰到子树根结点或不存在父结点则返回end,否则转向步骤b)。 代码如下:
1
template
<
typename T
>
2 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
3 inline void mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::forward_first()
4 {
5 size_t curdepth = 0; off_ = root_;
6 node_pointer_type p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
7 while(curdepth<depth_)
8 {
9 while(!p_node->first_child_)
10 {
11 while (!p_node->next_sibling_)
12 {
13 if (off_==root_ || !p_node->parent_)
14 {
15 off_ = tree_->size();
16 return;
17 }
18 off_ -= p_node->parent_;
19 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
20 --curdepth;
21 }
22 off_ += p_node->next_sibling_;
23 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
24 }
25 off_ += p_node->first_child_;
26 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
27 ++curdepth;
28 }
29 }
2 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
3 inline void mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::forward_first()
4 {
5 size_t curdepth = 0; off_ = root_;
6 node_pointer_type p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
7 while(curdepth<depth_)
8 {
9 while(!p_node->first_child_)
10 {
11 while (!p_node->next_sibling_)
12 {
13 if (off_==root_ || !p_node->parent_)
14 {
15 off_ = tree_->size();
16 return;
17 }
18 off_ -= p_node->parent_;
19 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
20 --curdepth;
21 }
22 off_ += p_node->next_sibling_;
23 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
24 }
25 off_ += p_node->first_child_;
26 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
27 ++curdepth;
28 }
29 }
1
template
<
typename T
>
2 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
3 inline void mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::forward_last()
4 {
5 size_t curdepth = 0; off_ = root_;
6 node_pointer_type p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
7 while(curdepth<depth_)
8 {
9 while(!p_node->last_child_)
10 {
11 while (!p_node->prev_sibling_)
12 {
13 if (off_==root_ || !p_node->parent_)
14 {
15 off_ = tree_->size();
16 return;
17 }
18 off_ -= p_node->parent_;
19 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
20 --curdepth;
21 }
22 off_ -= p_node->prev_sibling_;
23 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
24 }
25 off_ += p_node->last_child_;
26 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
27 ++curdepth;
28 }
29 }
2 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
3 inline void mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::forward_last()
4 {
5 size_t curdepth = 0; off_ = root_;
6 node_pointer_type p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
7 while(curdepth<depth_)
8 {
9 while(!p_node->last_child_)
10 {
11 while (!p_node->prev_sibling_)
12 {
13 if (off_==root_ || !p_node->parent_)
14 {
15 off_ = tree_->size();
16 return;
17 }
18 off_ -= p_node->parent_;
19 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
20 --curdepth;
21 }
22 off_ -= p_node->prev_sibling_;
23 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
24 }
25 off_ += p_node->last_child_;
26 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
27 ++curdepth;
28 }
29 }
1
template
<
typename T
>
2 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
3 inline void mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::forward_next()
4 {
5 node_pointer_type p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
6 if (off_!=root_&&p_node->next_sibling_)
7 {
8 off_ += p_node->next_sibling_;
9 }
10 else
11 {
12 size_t curdepth = depth_;
13 upward:
14 while (off_!=root_&&p_node->parent_&&!p_node->next_sibling_)
15 {
16 off_ -= p_node->parent_;
17 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
18 --curdepth;
19 }
20 if (off_==root_||!p_node->parent_)
21 {
22 off_ = tree_->size();
23 return ;
24 }
25 downward:
26 off_ += p_node->next_sibling_; p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
27 while (!p_node->first_child_)
28 {
29 if (!p_node->next_sibling_)
30 goto upward;
31 off_ += p_node->next_sibling_;
32 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
33 }
34 while(curdepth<depth_&&p_node->first_child_)
35 {
36 off_ += p_node->first_child_;
37 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
38 ++curdepth;
39 }
40 if (curdepth<depth_)
41 {
42 if (p_node->next_sibling_) goto downward;
43 else goto upward;
44 }
45 }
46 }
2 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
3 inline void mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::forward_next()
4 {
5 node_pointer_type p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
6 if (off_!=root_&&p_node->next_sibling_)
7 {
8 off_ += p_node->next_sibling_;
9 }
10 else
11 {
12 size_t curdepth = depth_;
13 upward:
14 while (off_!=root_&&p_node->parent_&&!p_node->next_sibling_)
15 {
16 off_ -= p_node->parent_;
17 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
18 --curdepth;
19 }
20 if (off_==root_||!p_node->parent_)
21 {
22 off_ = tree_->size();
23 return ;
24 }
25 downward:
26 off_ += p_node->next_sibling_; p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
27 while (!p_node->first_child_)
28 {
29 if (!p_node->next_sibling_)
30 goto upward;
31 off_ += p_node->next_sibling_;
32 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
33 }
34 while(curdepth<depth_&&p_node->first_child_)
35 {
36 off_ += p_node->first_child_;
37 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
38 ++curdepth;
39 }
40 if (curdepth<depth_)
41 {
42 if (p_node->next_sibling_) goto downward;
43 else goto upward;
44 }
45 }
46 }
1
template
<
typename T
>
2 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
3 inline void mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::forward_prev()
4 {
5 node_pointer_type p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
6 if (off_!=root_&&p_node->prev_sibling_)
7 {
8 off_ -= p_node->prev_sibling_;
9 }
10 else
11 {
12 size_t curdepth = depth_;
13 upward:
14 while (off_!=root_&&p_node->parent_&&!p_node->prev_sibling_)
15 {
16 off_ -= p_node->parent_;
17 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
18 --curdepth;
19 }
20 if (off_==root_||!p_node->parent_)
21 {
22 off_ = tree_->size();
23 return;
24 }
25 downward:
26 off_ -= p_node->prev_sibling_; p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
27 while (!p_node->last_child_)
28 {
29 if (!p_node->prev_sibling_)
30 goto upward;
31 off_ -= p_node->prev_sibling_;
32 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
33 }
34 while (curdepth<depth_&&p_node->last_child_)
35 {
36 off_ += p_node->last_child_;
37 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
38 ++curdepth;
39 }
40 if (curdepth<depth_)
41 {
42 if (p_node->prev_sibling_) goto downward;
43 else goto upward;
44 }
45 }
46 }
2 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
3 inline void mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::forward_prev()
4 {
5 node_pointer_type p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
6 if (off_!=root_&&p_node->prev_sibling_)
7 {
8 off_ -= p_node->prev_sibling_;
9 }
10 else
11 {
12 size_t curdepth = depth_;
13 upward:
14 while (off_!=root_&&p_node->parent_&&!p_node->prev_sibling_)
15 {
16 off_ -= p_node->parent_;
17 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
18 --curdepth;
19 }
20 if (off_==root_||!p_node->parent_)
21 {
22 off_ = tree_->size();
23 return;
24 }
25 downward:
26 off_ -= p_node->prev_sibling_; p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
27 while (!p_node->last_child_)
28 {
29 if (!p_node->prev_sibling_)
30 goto upward;
31 off_ -= p_node->prev_sibling_;
32 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
33 }
34 while (curdepth<depth_&&p_node->last_child_)
35 {
36 off_ += p_node->last_child_;
37 p_node = &(*tree_)[off_];
38 ++curdepth;
39 }
40 if (curdepth<depth_)
41 {
42 if (p_node->prev_sibling_) goto downward;
43 else goto upward;
44 }
45 }
46 }
1
template
<
typename T
>
2 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
3 inline mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::fd_iterator_impl()
4 :base_type()
5 {
6 root_ = 0;
7 }
8 template < typename T >
9 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
10 inline mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::fd_iterator_impl( const base_type & iter,size_t depth)
11 :base_type(iter),depth_(depth)
12 {
13 root_ = off_;
14 }
2 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
3 inline mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::fd_iterator_impl()
4 :base_type()
5 {
6 root_ = 0;
7 }
8 template < typename T >
9 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
10 inline mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::fd_iterator_impl( const base_type & iter,size_t depth)
11 :base_type(iter),depth_(depth)
12 {
13 root_ = off_;
14 }
1
template
<
typename T
>
2 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
3 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >&
4 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator ++ ()
5 {
6 increment(typename reverse_trait<is_reverse>::type());
7 return *this;
8 }
9 template < typename T >
10 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
11 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >&
12 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator -- ()
13 {
14 decrement(typename reverse_trait<is_reverse>::type());
15 return *this;
16 }
17 template < typename T >
18 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
19 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >
20 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator ++ ( int )
21 {
22 fd_iterator_impl<is_const,is_reverse> iter(*this);
23 --(*this);
24 return iter;
25 }
26 template < typename T >
27 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
28 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >
29 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator -- ( int )
30 {
31 fd_iterator_impl<is_const,is_reverse> iter(*this);
32 --(*this);
33 return iter;
34 }
35 template < typename T >
36 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
37 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >
38 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator + (size_t off)
39 {
40 fd_iterator_impl<is_const,is_reverse> iter(*this);
41 iter += off;
42 return iter;
43 }
44 template < typename T >
45 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
46 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >&
47 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator += (size_t off)
48 {
49 while (off)
50 {
51 if (base_type::is_null()) break;
52 ++(*this); --off;
53 }
54 return *this;
55 }
56 template < typename T >
57 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
58 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >
59 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator - (size_t off)
60 {
61 fd_iterator_impl<is_const,is_reverse> iter(*this);
62 iter -= off;
63 return iter;
64 }
65 template < typename T >
66 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
67 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >&
68 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator -= (size_t off)
69 {
70 while (off)
71 {
72 if (base_type::is_null()) break;
73 --(*this); --off;
74 }
75 return *this;
76 }
77 template < typename T >
78 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
79 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >
80 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::begin() const
81 {
82 fd_iterator_impl<is_const,is_reverse> iter(*this);
83 iter.first(typename reverse_trait<is_reverse>::type());
84 return iter;
85 }
86 template < typename T >
87 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
88 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >
89 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::end() const
90 {
91 fd_iterator_impl<is_const,is_reverse> iter(*this);
92 if (tree_)
93 {
94 iter.off_ = tree_->size();
95 }
96 return iter;
97 }
2 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
3 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >&
4 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator ++ ()
5 {
6 increment(typename reverse_trait<is_reverse>::type());
7 return *this;
8 }
9 template < typename T >
10 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
11 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >&
12 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator -- ()
13 {
14 decrement(typename reverse_trait<is_reverse>::type());
15 return *this;
16 }
17 template < typename T >
18 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
19 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >
20 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator ++ ( int )
21 {
22 fd_iterator_impl<is_const,is_reverse> iter(*this);
23 --(*this);
24 return iter;
25 }
26 template < typename T >
27 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
28 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >
29 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator -- ( int )
30 {
31 fd_iterator_impl<is_const,is_reverse> iter(*this);
32 --(*this);
33 return iter;
34 }
35 template < typename T >
36 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
37 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >
38 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator + (size_t off)
39 {
40 fd_iterator_impl<is_const,is_reverse> iter(*this);
41 iter += off;
42 return iter;
43 }
44 template < typename T >
45 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
46 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >&
47 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator += (size_t off)
48 {
49 while (off)
50 {
51 if (base_type::is_null()) break;
52 ++(*this); --off;
53 }
54 return *this;
55 }
56 template < typename T >
57 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
58 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >
59 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator - (size_t off)
60 {
61 fd_iterator_impl<is_const,is_reverse> iter(*this);
62 iter -= off;
63 return iter;
64 }
65 template < typename T >
66 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
67 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >&
68 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > :: operator -= (size_t off)
69 {
70 while (off)
71 {
72 if (base_type::is_null()) break;
73 --(*this); --off;
74 }
75 return *this;
76 }
77 template < typename T >
78 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
79 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >
80 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::begin() const
81 {
82 fd_iterator_impl<is_const,is_reverse> iter(*this);
83 iter.first(typename reverse_trait<is_reverse>::type());
84 return iter;
85 }
86 template < typename T >
87 template < bool is_const, bool is_reverse >
88 inline typename mtree < T, false > ::template fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse >
89 mtree < T, false > ::fd_iterator_impl < is_const,is_reverse > ::end() const
90 {
91 fd_iterator_impl<is_const,is_reverse> iter(*this);
92 if (tree_)
93 {
94 iter.off_ = tree_->size();
95 }
96 return iter;
97 }
使用示例
(1) 正向遍历某子树某深度上的所有结点,代码如下:
1
mtree
<
int
,
false
>
::iterator_base root; size_t depth;
2 mtree < int , false > ::fd_iterator it(root,depth);
3 mtree < int , false > ::fd_iterator last = -- it.end();
4 for (it = it.begin();it != it.end(); ++ it)
5 {
6 cout << *it;
7 if (it!=last)
8 cout <<" ";
9 }
2 mtree < int , false > ::fd_iterator it(root,depth);
3 mtree < int , false > ::fd_iterator last = -- it.end();
4 for (it = it.begin();it != it.end(); ++ it)
5 {
6 cout << *it;
7 if (it!=last)
8 cout <<" ";
9 }
1
mtree
<
int
,
false
>
::iterator_base root; size_t depth;
2 mtree < int , false > ::reverse_fd_iterator r_it(root,depth);
3 mtree < int , false > ::reverse_fd_iterator r_last = -- r_it.end();
4 for (r_it = r_it.begin();r_it != r_it.end(); ++ r_it)
5 {
6 cout << *r_it;
7 if (r_it!=r_last)
8 cout <<" ";
9 }
2 mtree < int , false > ::reverse_fd_iterator r_it(root,depth);
3 mtree < int , false > ::reverse_fd_iterator r_last = -- r_it.end();
4 for (r_it = r_it.begin();r_it != r_it.end(); ++ r_it)
5 {
6 cout << *r_it;
7 if (r_it!=r_last)
8 cout <<" ";
9 }