本文目的为对比mysql递归树两种查询方式效率。
工具/原料
--创建表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_areainfo`;
CREATE TABLE `t_areainfo` (
`id` int(11) NOT '0' AUTO_INCREMENT,
`level` int(11) DEFAULT '0',
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT '0',
`parentId` int(11) DEFAULT '0',
`status` int(11) DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=65 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
--初始数据
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('1', '0', '中国', '0', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('2', '0', '华北区', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('3', '0', '华南区', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('4', '0', '北京', '2', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('5', '0', '海淀区', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('6', '0', '丰台区', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('7', '0', '朝阳区', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('8', '0', '北京XX区1', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('9', '0', '北京XX区2', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('10', '0', '北京XX区3', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('11', '0', '北京XX区4', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('12', '0', '北京XX区5', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('13', '0', '北京XX区6', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('14', '0', '北京XX区7', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('15', '0', '北京XX区8', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('16', '0', '北京XX区9', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('17', '0', '北京XX区10', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('18', '0', '北京XX区11', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('19', '0', '北京XX区12', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('20', '0', '北京XX区13', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('21', '0', '北京XX区14', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('22', '0', '北京XX区15', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('23', '0', '北京XX区16', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('24', '0', '北京XX区17', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('25', '0', '北京XX区18', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('26', '0', '北京XX区19', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('27', '0', '北京XX区1', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('28', '0', '北京XX区2', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('29', '0', '北京XX区3', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('30', '0', '北京XX区4', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('31', '0', '北京XX区5', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('32', '0', '北京XX区6', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('33', '0', '北京XX区7', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('34', '0', '北京XX区8', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('35', '0', '北京XX区9', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('36', '0', '北京XX区10', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('37', '0', '北京XX区11', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('38', '0', '北京XX区12', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('39', '0', '北京XX区13', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('40', '0', '北京XX区14', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('41', '0', '北京XX区15', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('42', '0', '北京XX区16', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('43', '0', '北京XX区17', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('44', '0', '北京XX区18', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('45', '0', '北京XX区19', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('46', '0', 'xx省1', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('47', '0', 'xx省2', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('48', '0', 'xx省3', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('49', '0', 'xx省4', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('50', '0', 'xx省5', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('51', '0', 'xx省6', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('52', '0', 'xx省7', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('53', '0', 'xx省8', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('54', '0', 'xx省9', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('55', '0', 'xx省10', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('56', '0', 'xx省11', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('57', '0', 'xx省12', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('58', '0', 'xx省13', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('59', '0', 'xx省14', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('60', '0', 'xx省15', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('61', '0', 'xx省16', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('62', '0', 'xx省17', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('63', '0', 'xx省18', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `t_areainfo` VALUES ('64', '0', 'xx省19', '1', '0');
方式一：采用function获取所有子节点的id
--查询传入areaId及其以下所有子节点
DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS queryChildrenAreaInfo;
CREATE FUNCTION `queryChildrenAreaInfo` (areaId INT)
RETURNS VARCHAR(4000)
BEGIN
DECLARE sTemp VARCHAR(4000);
DECLARE sTempChd VARCHAR(4000);
SET sTemp = '$';
SET sTempChd = cast(areaId as char);
WHILE sTempChd is not NULL DO
SET sTemp = CONCAT(sTemp,',',sTempChd);
SELECT group_concat(id) INTO sTempChd FROM t_areainfo where FIND_IN_SET(parentId,sTempChd)>0;
END WHILE;
return sTemp;
END;
--调用方式
select queryChildrenAreaInfo(1);
select * from t_areainfo where FIND_IN_SET(id, queryChildrenAreaInfo(1));
方式二：采用临时表和存储过程完成
-- 创建存储过程
drop PROCEDURE showChildList;
CREATE PROCEDURE showChildList (IN rootId INT)
BEGIN
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE
IF NOT EXISTS tmpList (
sno INT PRIMARY KEY auto_increment,
id INT,
depth INT
);
DELETE FROM tmpList;
CALL createChildList (rootId, 0);
SELECT tmpList.*, t_areainfo.* FROM tmpList, t_areainfo
WHERE
tmpList.id = t_areainfo.id
ORDER BY
tmpList.sno;
END;
drop PROCEDURE createChildList;
CREATE PROCEDURE createChildList (IN rootId INT, IN nDepth INT)
BEGIN
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;
DECLARE b INT;
DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR SELECT id FROM t_areainfo WHERE parentId = rootId;
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND
SET done = 1;
INSERT INTO tmpList VALUES (NULL, rootId, nDepth);
OPEN cur1;
FETCH cur1 INTO b;
WHILE done = 0 DO
CALL createChildList (b, nDepth + 1);
FETCH cur1 INTO b;
END WHILE;
CLOSE cur1;
END;
-- 调用方式
call showChildList(1);
两种方式对比：
--简易程度
首先我们可以通过sql语句就可以看的出，方式二的代码量差不多是方式一的两倍，而且又是临时表又是游标的，极易出错。
--效率对比
可以通过图片可以看到，同样的查询结果，方式一仅仅需要0.044s既可以完成查询，而方式二则需要1.525s,效率远远低于方式一。
注意事项
执行方式二是系统出报错，错误原因是因为没有指定控制递归调用层数上线，可以通过利用系统参数 max_sp_recursion_depth 来控制递归调用的层数上限。