C# windows 服务 数据库 读取数据 自动邮件
上次用asp.net 利用 Global.asax 定时发送邮件
自动邮件,不稳定,用windows服务比较稳定,还有一个核心点没有解决,就是写excel到指定文件夹还不能实现,不知道权限哪里出了问题,待研究.
C,C++都可以写windows服务,这里只介绍一下用C#创建一个windows服务
我用的工具是:Microsoft Visual Studio 2010
数据库是:sql server 2008
打开vs,新建->项目->创建Windows服务项目(我的项目是Service1)->在设计视图-工具箱-组件-拖拽一个Timer控件->创建完成后切换到代码视图(F5)
Service1.cs代码如下(添加自己需要引用的dll)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Text;
using jmail;
using Excel;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Timers;
using System.Threading;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
namespace WindowsService1
{
public partial class Service1 : ServiceBase
{
public Service1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
{
// TODO: 在此处添加代码以启动服务。
this.timEmail.Enabled = true;//是否执行System.Timers.Timer.Elapsed事件;
this.timEmail.AutoReset = true;//设置是执行一次（false）还是一直执行(true);
this.timEmail.Elapsed += new ElapsedEventHandler(timEmail_Elapsed);
this.timEmail.Start();
//System.Timers.Timer myTimer = new System.Timers.Timer(3600000);//1小时
//myTimer.Elapsed += new ElapsedEventHandler(timEmail_Elapsed);
//myTimer.AutoReset = true;//设置是执行一次（false）还是一直执行(true);
//myTimer.Enabled = true;//是否执行System.Timers.Timer.Elapsed事件;
//this.tSendEmail();
}
protected override void OnStop()
{
// TODO: 在此处添加代码以执行停止服务所需的关闭操作。
this.timEmail.Enabled = false;
this.timEmail.Stop();
}
private void tSendEmail()
{
Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sendEmail));
t.Start();
}
DataSet Bind()
{
string sr = "";
sr += "SELECT *";
sr += " FROM [table]";
DataSet ds1 = ExecuteDataSet(sr);
return ds1;
}
private void sendEmail()
{
//定时器
string name = System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddhhmmss");
name += "windows";
string pFilePath = null;
string receiver = "[email protected]";//收件箱（分号隔开）
string AddRecipientCC = "";// "[email protected]";//抄送箱（分号隔开）
string table = "windows服务启动定时邮件";
table += '\n';
table += "看到此信息代表发送成功！";
DataSet result = Bind();
System.Data.DataTable dt = result.Tables[0];
if (dt.Rows.Count > 0)
{
for (int j = 0; j < dt.Rows.Count; j++)
{
table += '\n';
table += dt.Rows[j][0].ToString();
}
}
//if (result != null)
//{
// WriteExcel(result, name);
// pFilePath = @"C:\" + name + ".xlsx";//附件，分号隔开
//}
sendEmail("hsf", "[email protected]", "123333444", receiver, AddRecipientCC, "windows自动邮件", table, "smtp.163.com", pFilePath);
}
private void timEmail_Elapsed(object sender, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e)
{
//定时器
this.tSendEmail();
}
public DataSet ExecuteDataSet(string sql)
{
string Cconstring = @"user id=sa;password=123123;Data Source=.;Database=HAHA";
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter();
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
da.SelectCommand = cmd;
using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(Cconstring))
{
cmd.Connection = con;
cmd.CommandText = sql;
try
{
da.Fill(ds);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
string msg = ex.Message;
}
finally
{
}
}
return ds;
}
/// <summary>
/// DataSet数据写入Excel保存自定义名称到默认文件夹内（C:\SaveFile）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ds">System.Data.DataSet数据</param>
/// <param name="filename">文件名称（不含后缀）如"hahahah"</param>
public static void WriteExcel(System.Data.DataSet ds, string filename)
{
System.Data.DataTable dt = ds.Tables[0];
//dt.Columns[0]
//Excel.Application excel = new Excel.Application();//引用Excel对象
//excel.Application.Workbooks.Add(true );//引用Excel工作簿
//excel.Cells[ 1 , 1 ] = "First Row First Column";
//excel.Cells[ 1 , 2 ] = "First Row Second Column";
//excel.Cells[ 2 , 1 ] = "Second Row First Column";
//excel.Cells[2, 2] = "Second Row Second Column";
//excel.Visible = true; //使Excel可视
//创建Application对象
Excel.Application xApp = new Excel.ApplicationClass();
xApp.Visible = false;
////得到WorkBook对象, 可以用两种方式之一: 下面的是打开已有的文件
//Excel.Workbook xBook = xApp.Workbooks._Open(@"C:\SaveFile\az.xls",
//Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value
//, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value
//, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
Excel.Workbook xBook = xApp.Workbooks.Add(Missing.Value);//新建文件的代码
//指定要操作的Sheet，两种方式：
Excel.Worksheet xSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)xBook.Sheets[1];
//Excel.Worksheet xSheet=(Excel.Worksheet)xApp.ActiveSheet;
////读取数据，通过Range对象
//Excel.Range rng1 = xSheet.get_Range("A1", Type.Missing);
//rng1.Value2 = "aaa";
////读取，通过Range对象，但使用不同的接口得到Range
////Excel.Range rng2 = (Excel.Range)xSheet.Cells[1,2];
////rng2.Value2 = "bbb";
//((Excel.Range)xSheet.Cells[1, 2]).Value="ccc";
////写入数据
//Excel.Range rng3 = xSheet.get_Range("B2", Missing.Value);
//rng3.Value2 = "Hello";
//rng3.Interior.ColorIndex = 6; //设置Range的背景色
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
((Excel.Range)xSheet.Cells[1, i + 1]).Value = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;
for (int j = 0; j < dt.Rows.Count; j++)
{
((Excel.Range)xSheet.Cells[j + 2, i + 1]).Value = dt.Rows[j][i];
}
}
string pFilePath = @"C:\" + filename ?? System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddhhmmss") + ".xlsx";
////保存方式一：保存WorkBook
if (File.Exists(pFilePath))
{
File.Delete(pFilePath);
}
xBook.SaveAs(pFilePath,
Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value,
Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value,
Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
////保存方式二：保存WorkSheet
//xSheet.SaveAs(@"../SaveFile/CData2.xls",
//Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value,
//Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
//保存方式三
//xBook.Save();
xSheet = null;
xBook = null;
xApp.Quit(); //这一句是非常重要的，否则Excel对象不能从内存中退出
xApp = null;
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送邮件方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="senderuser">发件人显示发送时的名称</param>
/// <param name="euser">发件人邮箱地址</param>
/// <param name="epwd">发件人邮箱密码</param>
/// <param name="receiver">收件人邮箱地址</param>
/// <param name="AddRecipientCC">cc抄送邮箱地址</param>
/// <param name="subject">邮件标题</param>
/// <param name="body">邮件内容</param>
/// <param name="eserver">邮件服务器smtp.harmony.com.cn</param>
/// <param name="attachment">邮件附件;隔开,附件为空可传null</param>
/// <returns>bool</returns>
public bool sendEmail(string senderuser/*发件人显示发送时的名称*/, string euser/*发件人邮箱地址*/, string epwd/*发件人邮箱密码*/
, string receiver/*收件人邮箱地址*/, string AddRecipientCC/*cc抄送邮箱地址*/, string subject/*邮件标题*/, string body/*邮件内容*/
, string eserver/*邮件服务器smtp.harmony.com.cn*/, string attachment/*邮件附件;隔开,附件为空可传null*/)//9个参数
{
jmail.MessageClass jmMessage = new jmail.MessageClass();
jmMessage.Charset = "GB2312";
jmMessage.ISOEncodeHeaders = false;
jmMessage.From = euser;
jmMessage.FromName = senderuser;
jmMessage.Subject = subject;
jmMessage.MailServerUserName = euser;
jmMessage.MailServerPassWord = epwd;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(receiver))
{
string[] recip = receiver.Replace('；', ';').Split(';');
foreach (string item in recip)
{
jmMessage.AddRecipient(item.Trim(), "", "");
}
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(AddRecipientCC))
{
string[] cc = AddRecipientCC.Replace('；', ';').Split(';');
foreach (string item in cc)
{
jmMessage.AddRecipientCC(item.Trim(), "", "");
}
}
jmMessage.Body = body;
#region 附件
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(attachment))
{
string[] attach = attachment.Split(';');
foreach (string item in attach)
{
string ContentType = "";
switch (item.Trim().Substring(item.LastIndexOf(".") + 1).ToLower())
{
case "pdf":
ContentType = "application/pdf";
break;
case "jpg":
case "jpeg":
ContentType = "image/jpeg";
break;
case "gif":
ContentType = "image/gif";
break;
case "png":
ContentType = "image/png";
break;
case "bmp":
ContentType = "image/bmp";
break;
case "zip":
ContentType = "application/zip";
break;
case "txt":
ContentType = "text/plain";
break;
case "htm":
case "html":
ContentType = "text/html";
break;
case "doc":
ContentType = "application/msword";
break;
case "xls":
ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
break;
case "ppt":
ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";
break;
default:
ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
break;
}
jmMessage.AddAttachment(item, true, ContentType);
}
}
#endregion
bool result = jmMessage.Send(eserver, false);
jmMessage = null;
return result;
}
}
}
修改Service1.Designer.cs如下
namespace WindowsService1
{
partial class Service1
{
/// <summary>
/// 必需的设计器变量。
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
/// <summary>
/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">如果应释放托管资源，为 true；否则为 false。</param>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region 组件设计器生成的代码
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要
/// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.components = new System.ComponentModel.Container();
//this.timEmail = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer(this.components);原
this.timEmail = new System.Timers.Timer();//改
//this.timEmail.Interval = 60000*60*2;//1分钟==2小时
this.timEmail.Interval = 10000;//10秒
this.ServiceName = "Service1";
}
#endregion
private System.Timers.Timer timEmail;//改
}
}
然后切换到设计视图，右键“添加安装程序”
serviceProcessInstaller1,右键属性更改属性视图中的Account属性为LocalService(本地服务)
serviceInstaller1,右键属性更改属性视图中的StartType属性为Automatic(自动)
运行程序(会报错,不过没关系只要已经生成了Service1.exe就没问题)
2.0版本找到文件C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\InstallUtil.exe
3.0版本找到文件C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v3.0\InstallUtil.exe
我用的framework 4.0
找到C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\InstallUtil.exe
另外找到项目Service1\Service1\bin\Debug\Service1.exe
把这两个文件复制到单独的文件夹比如D:\autoMail
然后去Windows服务器注册就好了
开始--运行--输入注册命令--确定
注册命令:D:/autoMail/InstallUtil.exe D:/autoMail/Service1.exe
如果想注销用:D:/autoMail/InstallUtil.exe D:/autoMail/Service1.exe -U
注册成功,在计算机右键管理-服务里就会看到已经注册好的Service1服务,右键启动即可.