gcc中定义了两个修改数据结构对齐方式的语句
1. #pragma pack()
2. __attribute__((packed))
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
// calculate the offset of t in S
#define offsetof(S,t) (size_t)&(((S *)0)->t)
typedef struct _S1{
char a;
char b;
double c;
}S1;
//__attribute__((packed)) means no alignment optimization
typedef struct _S2{
char a;
char b;
double c;
}__attribute__((packed)) S2;
typedef struct _Y
{
int a;
int b;
char c;
char content[0];
} Y;
#pragma pack(push, 4)
struct a_4
{
short v1;
int v2;
};
#pragma pack(pop)
#pragma pack(push, 1)
struct a_1
{
short v1;
int v2;
};
#pragma pack(pop)
int main()
{
//the effect of __attribute__((packed)),使用了__attribute__((packed))后,没有padding了。
printf("/nsizeof(S1)=%u, offsetof(S1,c)=%u/n", sizeof(S1),offsetof(S1,c));
printf("sizeof(S2)=%u, offsetof(S2,c)=%u/n", sizeof(S2),offsetof(S2,c));
//这个结构很有趣,这个结构Y是没有优化的,所以编译器给这个结构的最后增加了部分的padding 。
//所以这个结构体的大小为12,但是content的偏移却是9
printf("sizeof(Y)=%u, offsetof(Y, content)=%u, offsetof(Y, c)=%u/n", sizeof(Y), offsetof(Y, content), offsetof(Y, c));
// one example of #pragma pack() directives
printf("sizeof(a_1)=%u /n", sizeof(struct a_1));
printf("sizeof(a_4)=%u /n", sizeof(struct a_4));
getchar();
return 0;
}