ArrayList的容量是ArrayList可以保存的元素数。ArrayList的默认初始容量为0.随着元素添加到ArrayList中,容量会根据需要通过重新分配自动增加。使用证书索引可以访问此集合中的元素。此集合中的索引从零开始。
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Collections; namespace 集合{ //动物类 public abstract class Animal { protected string name; //动物的名字 public string Name { get { return name; } set { name = value; } } public Animal() { name="The animal with no name"; } public Animal(string newName) { name=newName; } public void Feed() //繁殖后代 { Console.WriteLine("{0} has been fed.",name); } } //奶牛类 public class Cow : Animal { public Cow(string newName): base(newName) { } public void Milk() //产牛奶 { Console.WriteLine("{0} has been milked.", name); } } //母鸡类 public class Chicken : Animal { public Chicken(string newName):base(newName) { } public void LayEgg() //下蛋 { Console.WriteLine("{0} has laid an egg.", name); } } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //用数组的方法实现 Console.WriteLine("Create an Array type collection of Animal object and use it:"); Animal[] animalArray = new Animal[2]; Cow myCow1 = new Cow("Deirdre"); animalArray[0] = myCow1; animalArray[1] = new Chicken("Ken"); foreach (Animal myAnimal in animalArray ) { Console.WriteLine("New {0} object added to Array collection,Name={1}", myAnimal.ToString(), myAnimal.Name); } Console.WriteLine("Array collection contains {0} objects.",animalArray .Length ); animalArray[0].Feed(); ((Chicken)animalArray[1]).LayEgg(); Console.WriteLine(); //用集合的方法实现 Console.WriteLine("Create an ArrayList type collection of Animal objects and use it;"); ArrayList animalArrayList = new ArrayList(); Cow myCow2 = new Cow("HayLey"); animalArrayList.Add(myCow2); animalArrayList.Add(new Chicken("Roy")); foreach (Animal myAnimal in animalArrayList) { Console.WriteLine("New {0} object added to ArrayList collection,Name={1}", myAnimal.ToString(), myAnimal.Name); } Console.WriteLine("ArrayList collection contains {0} objects.", animalArrayList.Count); ((Animal)animalArrayList[0]).Feed(); ((Chicken)animalArrayList[1]).LayEgg(); Console.WriteLine(); } } }
集合的创建
对于简单的数组来说,只有用固定的大小来初始化数组,才能使用它。
Animal[] animalArray = new Aimal[2];
ArrayList animalArrayList = new ArrayList();这个类还有另外两个构造函数。第一个构造函数把现有的集合作为一个参数,把现有集合的内容复制到新实例中;而另一个构造函数通过一个参数设置集合的容量(capacity)。这个容量用一个int值指定,设置集合中可以包含的初始项数。但这并不是真实的容量,因为如果集合中的项数超过了这个值,容量就会自动增加一倍。
对于ArrayList集合,它没有现成的项,也没有null引用的项。我们使用ArrayList对象的Add()方法添加新项:
Cow myCow2 = new Cow("Hayley"); anmialArrayList.Add(myCow2); anmialArrayList.Add(new Chicken("Roy"));
foreach (Animal myAnimal in animalArrayList) { Console.WriteLine("New {0} object added to ArrayList collection,Name = {1}",myAnimal.Tostring(),myAnimal.Name); }
((Animal)animalArrayList[0]).Feed(); ((Chichen)animalArrayList[1]).LayEgg();
animalArrayList.RemoveAt(0); animalArrayList.Remove(myCow2);
animalArrayList.AddRange(animalArray);AddRange()方法不是ArrayList提供的任何接口的一部分。这个方法专用于ArrayList类,