linux驱动笔记——环境搭建1
1， 安装 Module-Init-Tools
Module-Init-Tools 的内容
简要描述
| depmod | 创建一个可加载内核模块的依赖关系文件，modprobe 用它来自动加载模块。 |
| insmod | 向正在运行的内核加载模块 |
| insmod.static | insmod 的静态编译版本 |
| lsmod | 显示当前已加载的内核模块信息 |
| modinfo | 检查与内核模块相关联的目标文件，并打印出所有能得到的信息。 |
| modprobe | 利用 depmod 创建的依赖关系文件来自动加载相关的模块 |
| rmmod | 从当前运行的内核中卸载模块 |
2，需要升级modutils
#rpm -e --nodeps modutils （强行卸载原有的modutilsRPM包）
#rpm -ivh modutils-2.4.21-23.src.rpm （把源代码包安装到了/usr/src/redflag/目录下［我电脑系统是红旗Linux］）
1:modutils warning: user kaos does not exist - using root
warning: group ocs does not exist - using root
########################################### [100%]
warning: user kaos does not exist - using root
warning: group ocs does not exist - using root
#cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS （进入规范文件目录下）
到这里为止，一切都顺利！
#rpmbuild --bb modutils.spec （生成二进制的RPM包）
执行完这命令后，问题就开始了... ...
报错：
error: Legacy syntax is unsupported: copyright
error: line 5: Unknown tag: Copyright: GPL
上网查了一下资料，把modutils.spec里边的第5行
Copyright: GPL 改成 License:GPL
OK , RPM文件开始编译了，可没有多久就报错了
In file included from obj_kallsyms.c:26:
./../include/util.h:42: warning: built-in function ‘log’ declared as non-function
obj_kallsyms.c: In function ‘obj32_kallsyms’:
obj_kallsyms.c:204: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
obj_kallsyms.c:279: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
make[1]: *** [obj_kallsyms.o] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/redflag/BUILD/modutils-2.4.27/obj'
make: *** [all] 错误 2
将obj_kallsyms.c文件修改如下
将204行的
a_hdr = (struct kallsyms_header *) osec->contents =
xmalloc(osec->header.sh_size);
改成
osec->contents = xmalloc(osec->header.sh_size);
a_hdr = (struct kallsyms_header *) osec->contents;
将279行的
a_hdr = (struct kallsyms_header *) osec->contents =
xrealloc(a_hdr, a_hdr->total_size);
改成
osec->contents = xrealloc(a_hdr, a_hdr->total_size);
a_hdr = (struct kallsyms_header *) osec->contents;
然后将改动压缩回../SOURCES/modutils-2.4.27.tar.gz,在压缩包里
边直接改动，是不允许保存的，所以要先解压缩，改动后，压缩回去进行覆盖，
以下都是如此做法，不再重复。然后继续。
报错：
In file included from insmod.c:79:
./../include/util.h:42: warning: built-in function ‘log’ declared as non-function
insmod.c: In function ‘add_symbols_from’:
insmod.c:278: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
make[1]: *** [insmod.o] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/redflag/BUILD/modutils-2.4.27/insmod'
make: *** [all] 错误 2
error: Bad exit status from /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.36012 (%build)
将insmod.c文件的第278行
((char *)s->name) += 8;
改成
s->name = (void *)((long)(s->name)+8);
再继续编译，
继续报错：
In file included from genksyms.c:32:
./../include/util.h:42: warning: built-in function ‘log’ declared as non-function
genksyms.c:48: error: static declaration of ‘errors’ follows non-static declaration
./../include/util.h:43: error: previous declaration of ‘errors’ was here
make[1]: *** [genksyms.o] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/redflag/BUILD/modutils-2.4.27/genksyms'
make: *** [all] 错误 2
error: Bad exit status from /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.97956 (%build)
将genksyms.c第48行的语句
static int errors;
static去掉，
继续报错：
In file included from depmod.c:44:
./../include/util.h:42: warning: built-in function ‘log’ declared as non-function
depmod.c: In function ‘addksyms’:
depmod.c:1136: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
make[1]: *** [depmod.o] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/redflag/BUILD/modutils-2.4.27/depmod'
make: *** [all] 错误 2
error: Bad exit status from /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.36319 (%build)
将depmod.c的第1136行
((char *)ksym->name) += 8;
改成
ksym->name = (void *)((long)(ksym->name)+8);
继续... ...
Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1
Requires: /bin/sh libc.so.6 libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.0) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.1) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.1.3) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3)
Checking for unpackaged file(s): /usr/lib/rpm/check-files /var/tmp/modutils-root
warning: Installed (but unpackaged) file(s) found:
/sbin/kallsyms.static
/sbin/ksyms.static
/sbin/lsmod.static
/sbin/modprobe.static
/sbin/rmmod.static
Wrote: /usr/src/redflag/RPMS/i386/modutils-2.4.27-1.i386.rpm
Executing(%clean): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.85202
+ umask 022
+ cd /usr/src/redflag/BUILD
+ cd modutils-2.4.27
+ rm -rf /var/tmp/modutils-root
+ exit 0
OK,终于编过去了，好累！！！
#cd ../RPMS/i386 （转入刚生成的二进制的RPM包所在位置）
#rpm -ivh modutils*.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
file /usr/share/man/man2/delete_module.2.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package man-pages-2.21-4
file /usr/share/man/man2/init_module.2.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package man-pages-2.21-4
file /sbin/depmod from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
file /sbin/insmod from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
file /sbin/insmod.static from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
file /sbin/lsmod from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
file /sbin/modinfo from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
file /sbin/modprobe from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
file /sbin/rmmod from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
file /usr/share/man/man8/depmod.8.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
file /usr/share/man/man8/insmod.8.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
file /usr/share/man/man8/lsmod.8.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
file /usr/share/man/man8/modinfo.8.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
file /usr/share/man/man8/modprobe.8.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
file /usr/share/man/man8/rmmod.8.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
安装之前生成的RPM，从上边提示来看，我电脑上已有的设置跟RPM包有一些冲突，可能是因为电脑本身的内核版本就很高，跟modultils-2.4有不一致的地方。不知道对后面编译内核有没有影响，这个放到后面再说吧。本来想找 modultils-2.6，哪知连www,kernel.org网站都找不着，之好用所看到最新的modultils-2.4.27了
3，终于可以使用 /sbin/insmod 和 /sbin/rmmod 向内核加载卸载驱动了
[root@localhost simple]# ll /sbin/insmod /sbin/rmmod
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4924 2007-09-05 /sbin/insmod
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8264 2007-09-05 /sbin/rmmod
把insmod和rmmod分别当成一个单独的可执行文件来看待