在linux中进行编译链接的一些选项

gcc编译：

 

-L ：

   -Ldir
           Add directory dir to the list of directories to be searched for -l.

-I ：

-I dir
           Add the directory dir to the list of directories to be searched for header
           files.  Directories named by -I are searched before the standard system
           include directories.  If the directory dir is a standard system include
           directory, the option is ignored to ensure that the default search order for
           system directories and the special treatment of system headers are not
           defeated .

 

-c ：生成cpp文件对应的*.o文件。

-D：

           TEST_FLAG = -Dprotected=public -Dprivate=public -U__inner

在test目录的makefile中，和源代码的test目录中，添加此项，可将保护、私有的编译为公有的。

 

ar打包：

            ar -rv libmovie.a $(OBJECTS)

 

ld链接：

 

-l：

 -larchive
       --library=archive
           Add  archive  file archive to the list of files to link .  This option may be
           used any number of times.  ld will search its path-list for  occurrences  of
           "libarchive.a" for every archive specified.

           On  systems which support shared libraries, ld may also search for libraries
           with extensions other than ".a".  Specifically, on ELF and SunOS systems, ld
           will  search  a  directory  for  a library with an extension of ".so" before
           searching for one with an extension of ".a".  By convention, a ".so"  exten-
           sion indicates a shared library.

 

可以参考下面的btest中的makefile：

 

CXXFLAGS=-fPIC -g -finline-functions -Wall -W -Winline -pipe -Wreturn-type -Wtrigr
        aphs -Wformat -Wparentheses -Wpointer-arith -Werror -Wno-unused-parameter -D_GNU_S
        OURCE  -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -D_REENTRANT -D__VERSION_ID__=
        "/"1.0.0.0/""
     14 CFLAGS=$(CXXFLAGS)
     15 INCPATH= -I../include -I.. -I$(LOCAL_CVS_ROOT)/com/btest/gtest/output/include -I.
     16 DEP_LDFLAGS= -L$(LOCAL_CVS_ROOT)/../btestUse/movie/src -L$(LOCAL_CVS_ROOT)/com/bte
        st/gtest/output/lib -L. -L../lib
     17 DEP_LDLIBS= -lpthread -lstdc++ -lgtest -lgtest_main -lmovie
     18 CXX=g++
     19 CC = gcc
     20
     21 PATTERN=test*.cpp
     22 TESTFILES=$(wildcard $(PATTERN))
     23 EXE=$(basename $(TESTFILES))
     24 all : $(EXE)
     25 $(EXE) : % : %.cpp
     26     $(CXX) $^ -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(INCPATH) $(DEP_LDFLAGS) $(DEP_LDLIBS)
     27 .PHONY: list clean
     28 list:
     29     @echo $(EXE)
     30 clean:
     31     rm $(EXE)