关于android中的ramdisk.img及uImage无法包含驱动模块（*.ko）的问题

这几天一起在整理freescale的imx53的android源码，今天在编译android kernel的时候发现make menuconfig中配置成<M>模式的驱动模块没有加入编译

之前一直是按照原厂的资料运行下面命令编译内核的：

make uImage

通过查看kernel的makefile发些了一些蛛丝马迹，现在将工作笔记记录如下：

在imx_kernel下运行终端，输入如下命令查看kernel编译相关的一些信息

make help

将会看到如下和编译相关的命令和信息

Cleaning targets:
  clean		  - Remove most generated files but keep the config and
                    enough build support to build external modules
  mrproper	  - Remove all generated files + config + various backup files
  distclean	  - mrproper + remove editor backup and patch files

Configuration targets:
  config	  - Update current config utilising a line-oriented program
  nconfig         - Update current config utilising a ncurses menu based program
  menuconfig	  - Update current config utilising a menu based program
  xconfig	  - Update current config utilising a QT based front-end
  gconfig	  - Update current config utilising a GTK based front-end
  oldconfig	  - Update current config utilising a provided .config as base
  localmodconfig  - Update current config disabling modules not loaded
  localyesconfig  - Update current config converting local mods to core
  silentoldconfig - Same as oldconfig, but quietly, additionally update deps
  randconfig	  - New config with random answer to all options
  defconfig	  - New config with default answer to all options
  allmodconfig	  - New config selecting modules when possible
  allyesconfig	  - New config where all options are accepted with yes
  allnoconfig	  - New config where all options are answered with no

Other generic targets:
  all		  - Build all targets marked with [*]
* vmlinux	  - Build the bare kernel
* modules	  - Build all modules
  modules_install - Install all modules to INSTALL_MOD_PATH (default: /)
  firmware_install- Install all firmware to INSTALL_FW_PATH
                    (default: $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH)/lib/firmware)
  dir/            - Build all files in dir and below
  dir/file.[oisS] - Build specified target only
  dir/file.lst    - Build specified mixed source/assembly target only
                    (requires a recent binutils and recent build (System.map))
  dir/file.ko     - Build module including final link
  modules_prepare - Set up for building external modules
  tags/TAGS	  - Generate tags file for editors
  cscope	  - Generate cscope index
  kernelrelease	  - Output the release version string
  kernelversion	  - Output the version stored in Makefile
  headers_install - Install sanitised kernel headers to INSTALL_HDR_PATH
                    (default: /data/EN3/freescale/i.MX536/i.MX53-QSB-Android-Release3.3/src/kernel_imx/usr)

Static analysers
  checkstack      - Generate a list of stack hogs
  namespacecheck  - Name space analysis on compiled kernel
  versioncheck    - Sanity check on version.h usage
  includecheck    - Check for duplicate included header files
  export_report   - List the usages of all exported symbols
  headers_check   - Sanity check on exported headers
  headerdep       - Detect inclusion cycles in headers

Kernel packaging:
  rpm-pkg         - Build both source and binary RPM kernel packages
  binrpm-pkg      - Build only the binary kernel package
  deb-pkg         - Build the kernel as an deb package
  tar-pkg         - Build the kernel as an uncompressed tarball
  targz-pkg       - Build the kernel as a gzip compressed tarball
  tarbz2-pkg      - Build the kernel as a bzip2 compressed tarball

Documentation targets:
 Linux kernel internal documentation in different formats:
  htmldocs        - HTML
  pdfdocs         - PDF
  psdocs          - Postscript
  xmldocs         - XML DocBook
  mandocs         - man pages
  installmandocs  - install man pages generated by mandocs
  cleandocs       - clean all generated DocBook files

Architecture specific targets (arm):
* zImage        - Compressed kernel image (arch/arm/boot/zImage)
  Image         - Uncompressed kernel image (arch/arm/boot/Image)
* xipImage      - XIP kernel image, if configured (arch/arm/boot/xipImage)
  uImage        - U-Boot wrapped zImage
  bootpImage    - Combined zImage and initial RAM disk
                  (supply initrd image via make variable INITRD=<path>)
  install       - Install uncompressed kernel
  zinstall      - Install compressed kernel
                  Install using (your) ~/bin/installkernel or
                  (distribution) /sbin/installkernel or
                  install to $(INSTALL_PATH) and run lilo

………………
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可以看到很多编译相关的命令，如：make, make all, make clean, make uImage等等

经过测试发现运行make命令之后，在make menuconfig中配置成<M>的驱动模块都可以加入编译，但是再make uImage生成uImage文件烧到板子上的时候，在目标板上的文件系统里怎么也找不到那些*.ko文件，看了一上午android filesystem相关的资料，总算是找到了解决办法，就是通过修改android生成的ramdisk.img，用脚本把这些*.ko文件导入到android的filesystem中，下面代码就是实现整个过程的脚本：

#!/bin/sh
MAKE_KERNEL=$1

#root dir
KERNEL_DIR=$(pwd)

#out dir
OUT_DIR=${KERNEL_DIR}/．．／．．/out

#modules install path
RAMDISK_DIR=ramdisk
INSTALL_MOD_PATH=${OUT_DIR}/tmp/${RAMDISK_DIR}

#echo "make kernel?(y,n)";read MAKE_KERNEL

echo    "******************************"
echo    "*        Make Kernel         *"
echo    "******************************"
if [ "$MAKE_KERNEL"x = "n"x ]; then
	echo "*** skip ***"
else
	make -j4
	make uImage -j4
	cp arch/arm/boot/uImage ${OUT_DIR}
fi


echo    "******************************"
echo    "*    Install modules         *"
echo    "******************************"
	cd ${OUT_DIR}
	[ -e "tmp" ] || { echo "mkdir tmp"; mkdir tmp; }
	cp ./ramdisk.img ./tmp
	
#上一次退出状态: 判断ramdisk.img是否存在
case "$?" in
	"0")
		cd tmp
		mv ramdisk.img ramdisk.img.gz
		cd ./${RAMDISK_DIR}
		gunzip ramdisk.img.gz
		[ -e "${RAMDISK_DIR}" ] || { echo "mkdir ${RAMDISK_DIR}"; mkdir ${RAMDISK_DIR}; }
		cd ${RAMDISK_DIR}
		cpio -i -F ../ramdisk.img
		cd ${KERNEL_DIR}
		make modules_install             #重点在这里，在kernel目录下运行此命令时，会把相关的*.ko文件install到由INSTALL_MOD_PATH指定的目录下！！
		cd ${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}
		find . | cpio -o -H newc | gzip > ../ramdisk.img
		cd ..

		echo    "******************************"
		echo    "*    Make uramdisk.img       *"
		echo    "******************************"
		mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk -C none -a 0x70308000 -n "Android Root Filesystem" -d ./ramdisk.img ./uramdisk.img	
		mv uramdisk.img ./..
		cd ..
		rm -rf ./tmp
		cd ${KERNEL_DIR}
		echo "***OKAY***"
		;;

	"1")
		echo "ramdisk.img文件不存在！！！！！！"
		rm -rf ./tmp
		cd ${KERNEL_DIR}
		;;
esac

		

经过这样的处理就可以向android源码生成的ramdisk.img中install任何我们自己的东西了，把uImage和uramdisk.img一起烧到板子上，通过串口查看，得到了我想要的东西，如下：

lrwxrwxrwx radio    radio             2011-07-06 08:58 build -> /data/EN3/freescale/i.MX536/i.MX53-QSB-Android-Release3.3/src/kernel_imx
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio          81 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.isapnpmap
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio          74 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.ofmap
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio          43 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.seriomap
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio        2908 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.dep.bin
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio        1671 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.symbols.bin
lrwxrwxrwx radio    radio             2011-07-06 08:58 source -> /data/EN3/freescale/i.MX536/i.MX53-QSB-Android-Release3.3/src/kernel_imx
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio         141 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.inputmap
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio       11595 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.builtin
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio          99 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.pcimap
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio        1072 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.symbols
drwxr-xr-x radio    radio             2011-07-06 08:58 kernel
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio       13189 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.builtin.bin
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio        3795 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.alias.bin
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio         189 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.usbmap
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio        1189 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.dep
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio        4404 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.alias
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio        1042 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.order
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio          69 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.ccwmap
-rw-r--r-- radio    radio          73 2011-07-06 08:58 modules.ieee1394map

相关的*.ko驱动模块就在kernel目录下!