libusb_init失败及open failed (Permission denied)

参考http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25662307/android-l-libusb-init-returns-libusb-error-other-99

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8854359/exception-open-failed-eacces-permission-denied-on-android

和http://www.freehum.com/2014/06/operate-usb-device-under-android-by-libusb-without-root.html

在将原来的程序(Android 4.x)部署到Android 5.0和6.0的时候，遇到libusb_init失败和open failed (Permission denied)的错误，Google之后，发现是权限问题。

libusb_init失败(error -99)

Android 5.0之后强制开启了Selinux:

• Android sandbox reinforced with SELinux. Android now requires SELinux in enforcing mode for all domains. SELinux is a mandatory access control (MAC) system in the Linux kernel used to augment the existing discretionary access control (DAC) security model. This new layer provides additional protection against potential security vulnerabilities.

详见https://source.android.com/security/enhancements/enhancements50.html

解决办法有2种

1. 安装SELinuxModeChanger，将模式改为permissive —— 貌似需要root

2. 修改libusb，stackoverflow上说如下2个链接已经fix了:https://github.com/martinmarinov/rtl_tcp_andro-和https://github.com/Gritzman/libusb

3. 本人使用的https://github.com/Gritzman/libusb

另外，可能需要增加libusb_open_fd，编译之后的so见http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hrzAfZ2

1) core.c 中在 libusb_open 后面增加 libusb_open_fd 函数

int API_EXPORTED libusb_open_fd(libusb_device *dev, libusb_device_handle **handle, int fd)
{
	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev);
	struct libusb_device_handle *_handle;
	size_t priv_size = usbi_backend->device_handle_priv_size;
	int r;
	usbi_dbg("open %d.%d", dev->bus_number, dev->device_address);

	_handle = malloc(sizeof(*_handle) + priv_size);
	if (!_handle)
		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;

	r = usbi_mutex_init(&_handle->lock, NULL);
	if (r) {
		free(_handle);
		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
	}

	_handle->dev = libusb_ref_device(dev);
	_handle->claimed_interfaces = 0;
	memset(&_handle->os_priv, 0, priv_size);

	r = usbi_backend->open_fd(_handle, fd);
	if (r < 0) {
		usbi_dbg("open %d.%d returns %d", dev->bus_number, dev->device_address, r);
		libusb_unref_device(dev);
		usbi_mutex_destroy(&_handle->lock);
		free(_handle);
		return r;
	}

	usbi_mutex_lock(&ctx->open_devs_lock);
	list_add(&_handle->list, &ctx->open_devs);
	usbi_mutex_unlock(&ctx->open_devs_lock);
	*handle = _handle;

/* At this point, we want to interrupt any existing event handlers so
 * that they realise the addition of the new device's poll fd. One
 * example when this is desirable is if the user is running a separate
 * dedicated libusb events handling thread, which is running with a long
 * or infinite timeout. We want to interrupt that iteration of the loop,
 * so that it picks up the new fd, and then continues. */
	usbi_fd_notification(ctx);

	return 0;
}

2) os/linux_usbfs.c 中在 op_open 后面增加 op_open_fd 函数

static int op_open_fd(struct libusb_device_handle *handle, int fd) {
	struct linux_device_handle_priv *hpriv = _device_handle_priv(handle);

	hpriv->fd = fd;

	return usbi_add_pollfd(HANDLE_CTX(handle), hpriv->fd, POLLOUT);
}

3)os/linux_usbfs.c中.open = op_open,后添加.open_fd = op_open_fd,

4) 在libusbi.h中，

int (*open)(struct libusb_device_handle *handle);

后添加

int (*open_fd)(struct libusb_device_handle *handle, int fd);

'open failed: EACCES (Permission denied)' 

API 23(6.0)之后，需要请求读写外设权限

private static final int REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = 1;
private static String[] PERMISSIONS_STORAGE = {
        Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
};
//在需要读写外设的地方
int permission = checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);

    if (permission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // We don't have permission so prompt the user
        requestPermissions(PERMISSIONS_STORAGE,REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
    }