获取spring容器applicationContext的几种方式

 

一、定义web.xml,由web容器自动加载配置文件初始化ApplicationContext实例,用WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext()得到ApplicationContext的引用。

方法1(web.xml) 
<web-app> 
   <context-param> 
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> 
   </context-param> 
<listener> 
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> 
</listener> 
</web-app> 
方法2 (web.xml) 
<web-app> 
   <context-param> 
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> 
   </context-param> 
   <servlet> 
      <servlet-name>SpringContextServlet</servlet-name> 
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet</servlet-class> 
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
   </servlet> 
</web-app> 
方法3 在(struts-config.xml)中加载 
<plug-in className="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn"> 
        <set-property property="contextConfigLocation" 
            value="/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml, 
                   /WEB-INF/action-servlet.xml"/> 
</plug-in>

注:对于方法1,2如果xml配置文件比较多,可进行拆分,然后在applicationContext.xml配置文件加载被拆分的配置文件,通过<import resource=""/>加载被拆分的配置文件,如下:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
 xmlns="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd">
 
 <!-- 加载被拆分的Spring配置文件 -->
    <import resource="applicationContext-dao.xml"/>   
    <import resource="applicationContext-service.xml"/>

 

</beans>

 

通过web.xml配置,web容器会自动加载context-param中的配置文件初始化ApplicationContext实例,然后就可以在web应用中通过WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext方法获取ApplicationContext的引用

如:

    ApplicationContext ctx=WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(request.getSession().getServletContext()); 
    LoginAction action=(LoginAction)ctx.getBean("action");

 

编写SpringUtil.java,在构造方法中如下:

二、利用ClassPathXmlApplicationContext加载配置文件实例化applicationContext

     如下:

         ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/WEB-    INF/applicationContext.xml"); 

     或者

        String[] locations = {"bean1.xml", "bean2.xml", "bean3.xml"};   

       ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(locations);
     A a = (A)ac.getBean("a");

三、利用FileSystemXmlApplicationContext加载配置文件实例化applicationContext

    ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml");

    或者

    String[] locations = {"bean1.xml", "bean2.xml", "bean3.xml"};            

    ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(locations );

    A a =(A)ctx.getBean("a");

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