Python+pyGame 拼图游戏

欲学习基本的Python编程。

思编程语言学习与人类语言的学习类似，人类语言终究是要说的，编程语言终究也是要说的。人类语言说给人听，编程语言却是说给计算机听的。

人类学习说话，从牙牙学语，到流利交流，靠的是整天模仿与练习。编程语言也一样。

我觉得学习编程语言不是去死抠语法。就像汉语学习中除了语文考试要考病句外，我们平时说话不在乎语法一样。

所以这次学Python--一门新的编程语言，我决定尝试直接学着用，而不是去从头开始学语法。

花了一个小时浏览了一下Python语言的基本构成、关键字等，我决定开始写了--确切地说是开始抄。

抄程序的过程就像学汉语时跟着大人学学说话一样。

或抄或拷，我尝试运行了一本讲游戏的Python书。但里面的游戏多数是字符界面的，只有最后三两章用了PyGame包开发图形界面的游戏。

在大体上知道了Python和pyGame的用法后，我决定自己写个拼图游戏试试。

1.画图

 import pygame, sys, random
 from pygame.locals import *


 WINDOWWIDTH = 500
 WINDOWHEIGHT = 500
 BACKGROUNDCOLOR = (0, 0, 0)
 FPS = 40


 def terminate():
     pygame.quit()
     sys.exit()


 pygame.init()
 mainClock = pygame.time.Clock()
 windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWWIDTH, WINDOWHEIGHT))
 pygame.display.set_caption('拼图')


 gameImage = pygame.image.load('pic.bmp')
 gameRect = gameImage.get_rect()


 timeUsed = 0
 moveUsed = 0
 while True:
     for event in pygame.event.get():
         if event.type == QUIT:
             terminate()
     windowSurface.fill(BACKGROUNDCOLOR)
     windowSurface.blit(gameImage, gameRect)

     pygame.display.update()
     mainClock.tick(FPS)

发现窗口大小不太合适。

解决办法：

先加载图片，然后根据图片的大小设置窗口大小：

 import pygame, sys, random
 from pygame.locals import *

 # 一些常量
 WINDOWWIDTH = 500
 WINDOWHEIGHT = 500
 BACKGROUNDCOLOR = (0, 0, 0)
 FPS = 40

 # 退出
 def terminate():
     pygame.quit()
     sys.exit()

 # 初始化
 pygame.init()
 mainClock = pygame.time.Clock()

 # 加载图片
 gameImage = pygame.image.load('pic.bmp')
 gameRect = gameImage.get_rect()

 # 设置窗口
 windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((gameRect.width, gameRect.height))
 pygame.display.set_caption('拼图')

 # 游戏主循环
 while True:
     for event in pygame.event.get():
         if event.type == QUIT:
             terminate()
     windowSurface.fill(BACKGROUNDCOLOR)
     windowSurface.blit(gameImage, gameRect)

     pygame.display.update()
     mainClock.tick(FPS)

2.图像的分割

 import pygame, sys, random
 from pygame.locals import *

 # 一些常量
 WINDOWWIDTH = 500
 WINDOWHEIGHT = 500
 BACKGROUNDCOLOR = (0, 0, 0)
 FPS = 40

 VHNUMS = 3
 CELLNUMS = VHNUMS*VHNUMS

 # 随机生成游戏盘面
 def newGameBoard():
     board = []
     for i in range(CELLNUMS):
         board.append(i)

     print(board)
     random.shuffle(board)
     print(board)
     return board



 # 退出
 def terminate():
     pygame.quit()
     sys.exit()

 # 初始化
 pygame.init()
 mainClock = pygame.time.Clock()

 # 加载图片
 gameImage = pygame.image.load('pic.bmp')
 gameRect = gameImage.get_rect()


 # 设置窗口
 windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((gameRect.width, gameRect.height))
 pygame.display.set_caption('拼图')

 cellWidth = int(gameRect.width / VHNUMS)
 cellHeight = int(gameRect.height / VHNUMS)


 gameBoard = newGameBoard()


 cellImage = pygame.transform.chop(gameImage, (100, 100, 200, 200))


 # 游戏主循环
 while True:
     for event in pygame.event.get():
         if event.type == QUIT:
             terminate()
     windowSurface.fill(BACKGROUNDCOLOR)
     windowSurface.blit(gameImage, pygame.Rect(0, 0, cellWidth, cellHeight), pygame.Rect(100, 100, cellWidth, cellHeight))
     for i in range(CELLNUMS):
         rowDst = int(i / VHNUMS)
         colDst = int(i % VHNUMS)
         rectDst = pygame.Rect(colDst*cellWidth, rowDst*cellHeight, cellWidth, cellHeight)

         rowArea = int(gameBoard[i] / VHNUMS)
         colArea = int(gameBoard[i] % VHNUMS)
         rectArea = pygame.Rect(colArea*cellWidth, rowArea*cellHeight, cellWidth, cellHeight)
         windowSurface.blit(gameImage, rectDst, rectArea)

     pygame.display.update()
     mainClock.tick(FPS)

然后实现空白图像块，及保证能拼起来的随机打乱图像块算法。

随机打乱算法为实现左、右、上、下移动的算法后，随机移动若干步，则可以保证用这若干步的逆步骤使图像重新拼起来：

 # 随机生成游戏盘面
 def newGameBoard():
     board = []
     for i in range(CELLNUMS):
         board.append(i)
     blackCell = CELLNUMS-1
     board[blackCell] = -1

     for i in range(MAXRANDTIME):
         direction = random.randint(0, 3)
         if (direction == 0):
             blackCell = moveLeft(board, blackCell)
         elif (direction == 1):
             blackCell = moveRight(board, blackCell)
         elif (direction == 2):
             blackCell = moveUp(board, blackCell)
         elif (direction == 3):
             blackCell = moveDown(board, blackCell)
     return board, blackCell

 # 若空白图像块不在最左边，则将空白块左边的块移动到空白块位置
 def moveRight(board, blackCell):
     if blackCell % VHNUMS == 0:
         return blackCell
     board[blackCell-1], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell-1]
     return blackCell-1

 # 若空白图像块不在最右边，则将空白块右边的块移动到空白块位置
 def moveLeft(board, blackCell):
     if blackCell % VHNUMS == VHNUMS-1:
         return blackCell
     board[blackCell+1], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell+1]
     return blackCell+1

 # 若空白图像块不在最上边，则将空白块上边的块移动到空白块位置
 def moveDown(board, blackCell):
     if blackCell < VHNUMS:
         return blackCell
     board[blackCell-VHNUMS], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell-VHNUMS]
     return blackCell-VHNUMS

 # 若空白图像块不在最下边，则将空白块下边的块移动到空白块位置
 def moveUp(board, blackCell):
     if blackCell >= CELLNUMS-VHNUMS:
         return blackCell
     board[blackCell+VHNUMS], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell+VHNUMS]
     return blackCell+VHNUMS

绘制分割线：

 for i in range(VHNUMS+1):
         pygame.draw.line(windowSurface, BLACK, (i*cellWidth, 0), (i*cellWidth, gameRect.height))
     for i in range(VHNUMS+1):
         pygame.draw.line(windowSurface, BLACK, (0, i*cellHeight), (gameRect.width, i*cellHeight))

3.实现鼠标键盘事件

 if event.type == KEYDOWN:
             if event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'):
                 blackCell = moveLeft(gameBoard, blackCell)
             if event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'):
                 blackCell = moveRight(gameBoard, blackCell)
             if event.key == K_UP or event.key == ord('w'):
                 blackCell = moveUp(gameBoard, blackCell)
             if event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == ord('s'):
                 blackCell = moveDown(gameBoard, blackCell)
         if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and event.button == 1:
             x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
             col = int(x / cellWidth)
             row = int(y / cellHeight)
             index = col + row*VHNUMS
             if (index == blackCell-1 or index == blackCell+1 or index == blackCell-VHNUMS or index == blackCell+VHNUMS):
                 gameBoard[blackCell], gameBoard[index] = gameBoard[index], gameBoard[blackCell]
                 blackCell = index

4.判断胜利

 # 是否完成
 def isFinished(board, blackCell):
     for i in range(CELLNUMS-1):
         if board[i] != i:
             return False
     return True

5.完整代码

 import pygame, sys, random
 from pygame.locals import *

 # 一些常量
 WINDOWWIDTH = 500
 WINDOWHEIGHT = 500
 BACKGROUNDCOLOR = (255, 255, 255)
 BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
 BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
 FPS = 40

 VHNUMS = 3
 CELLNUMS = VHNUMS*VHNUMS
 MAXRANDTIME = 100

 # 退出
 def terminate():
     pygame.quit()
     sys.exit()

 # 随机生成游戏盘面
 def newGameBoard():
     board = []
     for i in range(CELLNUMS):
         board.append(i)
     blackCell = CELLNUMS-1
     board[blackCell] = -1

     for i in range(MAXRANDTIME):
         direction = random.randint(0, 3)
         if (direction == 0):
             blackCell = moveLeft(board, blackCell)
         elif (direction == 1):
             blackCell = moveRight(board, blackCell)
         elif (direction == 2):
             blackCell = moveUp(board, blackCell)
         elif (direction == 3):
             blackCell = moveDown(board, blackCell)
     return board, blackCell

 # 若空白图像块不在最左边，则将空白块左边的块移动到空白块位置
 def moveRight(board, blackCell):
     if blackCell % VHNUMS == 0:
         return blackCell
     board[blackCell-1], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell-1]
     return blackCell-1

 # 若空白图像块不在最右边，则将空白块右边的块移动到空白块位置
 def moveLeft(board, blackCell):
     if blackCell % VHNUMS == VHNUMS-1:
         return blackCell
     board[blackCell+1], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell+1]
     return blackCell+1

 # 若空白图像块不在最上边，则将空白块上边的块移动到空白块位置
 def moveDown(board, blackCell):
     if blackCell < VHNUMS:
         return blackCell
     board[blackCell-VHNUMS], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell-VHNUMS]
     return blackCell-VHNUMS

 # 若空白图像块不在最下边，则将空白块下边的块移动到空白块位置
 def moveUp(board, blackCell):
     if blackCell >= CELLNUMS-VHNUMS:
         return blackCell
     board[blackCell+VHNUMS], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell+VHNUMS]
     return blackCell+VHNUMS

 # 是否完成
 def isFinished(board, blackCell):
     for i in range(CELLNUMS-1):
         if board[i] != i:
             return False
     return True

 # 初始化
 pygame.init()
 mainClock = pygame.time.Clock()

 # 加载图片
 gameImage = pygame.image.load('pic.bmp')
 gameRect = gameImage.get_rect()


 # 设置窗口
 windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((gameRect.width, gameRect.height))
 pygame.display.set_caption('拼图')

 cellWidth = int(gameRect.width / VHNUMS)
 cellHeight = int(gameRect.height / VHNUMS)

 finish = False

 gameBoard, blackCell = newGameBoard()


 # 游戏主循环
 while True:
     for event in pygame.event.get():
         if event.type == QUIT:
             terminate()
         if finish:
             continue
         if event.type == KEYDOWN:
             if event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'):
                 blackCell = moveLeft(gameBoard, blackCell)
             if event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'):
                 blackCell = moveRight(gameBoard, blackCell)
             if event.key == K_UP or event.key == ord('w'):
                 blackCell = moveUp(gameBoard, blackCell)
             if event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == ord('s'):
                 blackCell = moveDown(gameBoard, blackCell)
         if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and event.button == 1:
             x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
             col = int(x / cellWidth)
             row = int(y / cellHeight)
             index = col + row*VHNUMS
             if (index == blackCell-1 or index == blackCell+1 or index == blackCell-VHNUMS or index == blackCell+VHNUMS):
                 gameBoard[blackCell], gameBoard[index] = gameBoard[index], gameBoard[blackCell]
                 blackCell = index

     if (isFinished(gameBoard, blackCell)):
         gameBoard[blackCell] = CELLNUMS-1
         finish = True

     windowSurface.fill(BACKGROUNDCOLOR)

     for i in range(CELLNUMS):
         rowDst = int(i / VHNUMS)
         colDst = int(i % VHNUMS)
         rectDst = pygame.Rect(colDst*cellWidth, rowDst*cellHeight, cellWidth, cellHeight)

         if gameBoard[i] == -1:
             continue

         rowArea = int(gameBoard[i] / VHNUMS)
         colArea = int(gameBoard[i] % VHNUMS)
         rectArea = pygame.Rect(colArea*cellWidth, rowArea*cellHeight, cellWidth, cellHeight)
         windowSurface.blit(gameImage, rectDst, rectArea)

     for i in range(VHNUMS+1):
         pygame.draw.line(windowSurface, BLACK, (i*cellWidth, 0), (i*cellWidth, gameRect.height))
     for i in range(VHNUMS+1):
         pygame.draw.line(windowSurface, BLACK, (0, i*cellHeight), (gameRect.width, i*cellHeight))

     pygame.display.update()
     mainClock.tick(FPS)

本文转载自：http://blog.csdn.net/guzhou_diaoke/article/details/8197186