本文适合所有的电子指南针校准,不仅限于 HMC5883L. 硬件的连接和树莓派的搭建以后再写。
本文仅限于固定强度和方向磁场干扰的过滤,例如机器人自身其它设备产生的磁场。但对于环境如扩音器喇叭等磁场干扰无效.
首先进行X Y 方向的校准,将芯片平放固定到一个水平面,这时大地磁场是近似平行XY平面的,绕Z轴慢速的转动XY平面,电子指南针HMC5883L会测量出圆周内大地磁场的强度+固定干扰磁场。而固定磁场的强度就是所有测量值的平均值。
#!/usr/bin/python import smbus import time import math bus = smbus.SMBus(0) address = 0x1e def read_byte(adr): return bus.read_byte_data(address, adr) def read_word(adr): high = bus.read_byte_data(address, adr) low = bus.read_byte_data(address, adr+1) val = (high << 8) + low return val def read_word_2c(adr): val = read_word(adr) if (val >= 0x8000): return -((65535 - val) + 1) else: return val def write_byte(adr, value): bus.write_byte_data(address, adr, value) write_byte(0, 0b01110000) # Set to 8 samples @ 15Hz write_byte(1, 0b00100000) # 1.3 gain LSb / Gauss 1090 (default) write_byte(2, 0b00000000) # Continuous sampling scale = 0.92 for i in range(0,500): x_out = read_word_2c(3) y_out = read_word_2c(7) z_out = read_word_2c(5) bearing = math.atan2(y_out, x_out) if (bearing < 0): bearing += 2 * math.pi print x_out, y_out, (x_out * scale), (y_out * scale) time.sleep(0.1)
运行上面的程序,在50秒内不停地旋转装有芯片的水平面,360度的缓慢旋转,一定要保证水平面稳定,否则会得到很多奇怪的干扰数据。
sudo ./compass-test.py > compass-plot.dat
将输出结果导入到compas-plot.dat文件里面。接下来我们用GNUPlot来看一下数据结果,以每对儿X Y为坐标的图形效果。
set terminal wxt persist size 800,800 background'#000000' set style line99 linecolor rgb "#ffffff" linetype 0 linewidth 2 set key topright textcolor linestyle 99 set gridlinestyle 99 set borderlinestyle 99 plot filenameusing 1:2 title "Raw compass values" linecolor rgb "green"
将上面命令文本保存到 gnuplot-compass.plg并执行下面的命令,可以看到图形:
gnuplot -e "filename='compass-plot.dat'"gnuplot-compass.plg
把上面程序的for循环内容更换成下面的代码,运行50秒不停地手动旋转水平面,
minx = 0 maxx = 0 miny = 0 maxy = 0 for i in range(0,500): x_out = read_word_2c(3) y_out = read_word_2c(7) z_out = read_word_2c(5) if x_out < minx: minx=x_out if y_out < miny: miny=y_out if x_out > maxx: maxx=x_out if y_out > maxy: maxy=y_out #print x_out, y_out, (x_out * scale), (y_out * scale) time.sleep(0.1) print "minx: ", minx print "miny: ", miny print "maxx: ", maxx print "maxy: ", maxy print "x offset: ", (maxx + minx) / 2 print "y offset: ", (maxy + miny) / 2
这一次会输出下面的值:
minx: -216 miny: -193 maxx: 197 maxy: 213 x offset: -10 y offset: 10
把输出的偏移加到程序当中,第一段程序的读取值的代码换成下面:
x_offset = -10 y_offset = 10 x_out = (read_word_2c(3) - x_offset) * scale y_out = (read_word_2c(7) - y_offset) * scale z_out = (read_word_2c(5)) * scale
版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,未经博主允许不得转载。