我们将用到如下jar包:
引用
aopalliance-1.0.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
log4j-1.2.15.jar
spring-beans-2.5.6.jar
spring-context-2.5.6.jar
spring-context-support-2.5.6.jar
spring-core-2.5.6.jar
spring-tx-2.5.6.jar
spring-web-2.5.6.jar
spring-webmvc-2.5.6.jar
先看web.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
- xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
- id="WebApp_ID"
- version="2.5">
- <display-name>spring</display-name>
-
- <context-param>
- <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
- <param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
- </context-param>
-
- <context-param>
- <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
- </context-param>
- <context-param>
- <param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
- <param-value>60000</param-value>
- </context-param>
-
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
- </context-param>
-
- <filter>
- <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>encoding</param-name>
- <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
-
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
-
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>/WEB-INF/servlet.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
- <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
- <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
- <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- </web-app>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID"
version="2.5">
<display-name>spring</display-name>
<!-- 应用路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
<param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Log4J 配置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
<param-value>60000</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--Spring上下文 配置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 字符集 过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Spring 监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring 分发器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
有不少人问我,这段代码是什么:
-
- <context-param>
- <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
- <param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
- </context-param>
<!-- 应用路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
<param-value>spring.webapp.root</param-value>
</context-param>
这是当前应用的路径变量,也就是说你可以在其他代码中使用${spring.webapp.root}指代当前应用路径。我经常用它来设置log的输出目录。
为什么要设置参数log4jConfigLocation?
-
- <context-param>
- <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
- </context-param>
- <context-param>
- <param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
- <param-value>60000</param-value>
- </context-param>
<!-- Log4J 配置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:log4j.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
<param-value>60000</param-value>
</context-param>
这是一种基本配置,spring中很多代码使用了不同的日志接口,既有log4j也有commons-logging,这里只是强制转换为log4j!并且,log4j的配置文件只能放在classpath根路径。同时,需要通过commons-logging配置将日志控制权转交给log4j。同时commons-logging.properties必须放置在classpath根路径。
commons-logging内容:
- org.apache.commons.logging.Log=org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Log4JLogger
org.apache.commons.logging.Log=org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Log4JLogger
最后,记得配置log4j的监听器:
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
接下来,我们需要配置两套配置文件,applicationContext.xml和servlet.xml。
applicationContext.xml用于对应用层面做整体控制。按照分层思想,统领service层和dao层。servlet.xml则单纯控制controller层。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans
- xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
- <import
- resource="service.xml" />
- <import
- resource="dao.xml" />
- </beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<import
resource="service.xml" />
<import
resource="dao.xml" />
</beans>
applicationContext.xml什么都不干,它只管涉及到整体需要的配置,并且集中管理。
这里引入了两个配置文件service.xml和dao.xml分别用于业务、数据处理。
service.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans
- xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
- <context:component-scan
- base-package="org.zlex.spring.service" />
- </beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan
base-package="org.zlex.spring.service" />
</beans>
注意,这里通过<context:component-scan />标签指定了业务层的基础包路径——“org.zlex.spring.service”。也就是说,业务层相关实现均在这一层。这是有必要的分层之一。
dao.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans
- xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
- <context:component-scan
- base-package="org.zlex.spring.dao" />
- </beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<context:component-scan
base-package="org.zlex.spring.dao" />
</beans>
dao层如法炮制,包路径是"org.zlex.spring.dao"。从这个角度看,注解还是很方便的!
最后,我们看看servlet.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans
- xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
- <context:component-scan
- base-package="org.zlex.spring.controller" />
- <bean
- id="urlMapping"
- class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
- <bean
- class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
- </beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan
base-package="org.zlex.spring.controller" />
<bean
id="urlMapping"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
</beans>
包路径配置就不细说了,都是一个概念。最重要的时候后面两个配置,这将使得注解生效!
“org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping”是默认实现,可以不写,Spring容器默认会默认使用该类。
“org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter”直接关系到多动作控制器配置是否可用!
简单看一下代码结构,如图:
Account类是来存储账户信息,属于域对象,极为简单,代码如下所示:
Account.java
-
-
-
- package org.zlex.spring.domain;
-
- import java.io.Serializable;
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- public class Account implements Serializable {
-
-
-
-
- private static final long serialVersionUID = -533698031946372178L;
-
- private String username;
- private String password;
-
-
-
-
-
- public Account(String username, String password) {
- this.username = username;
- this.password = password;
- }
-
-
-
-
- public String getUsername() {
- return username;
- }
-
-
-
-
- public void setUsername(String username) {
- this.username = username;
- }
-
-
-
-
- public String getPassword() {
- return password;
- }
-
-
-
-
- public void setPassword(String password) {
- this.password = password;
- }
-
-
- }
/**
* 2010-1-23
*/
package org.zlex.spring.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
*
* @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">梁栋</a>
* @version 1.0
* @since 1.0
*/
public class Account implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -533698031946372178L;
private String username;
private String password;
/**
* @param username
* @param password
*/
public Account(String username, String password) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
/**
* @return the username
*/
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
/**
* @param username the username to set
*/
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
/**
* @return the password
*/
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
/**
* @param password the password to set
*/
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
通常,在构建域对象时,需要考虑该对象可能需要进行网络传输,本地缓存,因此建议实现序列化接口Serializable
我们再来看看控制器,这就稍微复杂了一点代码如下所示:
AccountController .java
-
-
-
- package org.zlex.spring.controller;
-
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
-
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestUtils;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
- import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- @Controller
- @RequestMapping("/account.do")
- public class AccountController {
-
- @Autowired
- private AccountService accountService;
-
- @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
- public void hello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws Exception {
-
- String username = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
- request, "username");
- String password = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
- request, "password");
- System.out.println(accountService.verify(username, password));
- }
- }
/**
* 2010-1-23
*/
package org.zlex.spring.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;
/**
*
* @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">梁栋</a>
* @version 1.0
* @since 1.0
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account.do")
public class AccountController {
@Autowired
private AccountService accountService;
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public void hello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
String username = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
request, "username");
String password = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
request, "password");
System.out.println(accountService.verify(username, password));
}
}
分段详述:
- @Controller
- @RequestMapping("/account.do")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account.do")
这两行注解,@Controller是告诉Spring容器,这是一个控制器类,@RequestMapping("/account.do")是来定义该控制器对应的请求路径(/account.do)
- @Autowired
- private AccountService accountService;
@Autowired
private AccountService accountService;
这是用来自动织入业务层实现AccountService,有了这个注解,我们就可以不用写setAccountService()方法了!
同时,JSR-250标准注解,推荐使用@Resource来代替Spring专有的@Autowired注解。
引用
Spring 不但支持自己定义的@Autowired注解,还支持几个由JSR-250规范定义的注解,它们分别是@Resource、@PostConstruct以及@PreDestroy。
@Resource的作用相当于@Autowired,只不过@Autowired按byType自动注入,而@Resource默认按 byName自动注入罢了。@Resource有两个属性是比较重要的,分别是name和type,Spring将@Resource注解的name属性解析为bean的名字,而type属性则解析为bean的类型。所以如果使用name属性,则使用byName的自动注入策略,而使用type属性时则使用byType自动注入策略。如果既不指定name也不指定type属性,这时将通过反射机制使用byName自动注入策略。
@Resource装配顺序
1. 如果同时指定了name和type,则从Spring上下文中找到唯一匹配的bean进行装配,找不到则抛出异常
2. 如果指定了name,则从上下文中查找名称(id)匹配的bean进行装配,找不到则抛出异常
3. 如果指定了type,则从上下文中找到类型匹配的唯一bean进行装配,找不到或者找到多个,都会抛出异常
4. 如果既没有指定name,又没有指定type,则自动按照byName方式进行装配(见2);如果没有匹配,则回退为一个原始类型(UserDao)进行匹配,如果匹配则自动装配;
1.6. @PostConstruct(JSR-250)
在方法上加上注解@PostConstruct,这个方法就会在Bean初始化之后被Spring容器执行(注:Bean初始化包括,实例化Bean,并装配Bean的属性(依赖注入))。
这有点像ORM最终被JPA一统天下的意思! 大家知道就可以了,具体使用何种标准由项目说了算!
最后,来看看核心方法:
- @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
- public void hello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws Exception {
-
- String username = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
- request, "username");
- String password = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
- request, "password");
- System.out.println(accountService.verify(username, password));
- }
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public void hello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
String username = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
request, "username");
String password = ServletRequestUtils.getRequiredStringParameter(
request, "password");
System.out.println(accountService.verify(username, password));
}
注解@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)指定了访问方法类型。
注意,如果没有用这个注解标识方法,Spring容器将不知道那个方法可以用于处理get请求!
对于方法名,我们可以随意定!方法中的参数,类似于“HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response”,只要你需要方法可以是有参也可以是无参!
解析来看Service层,分为接口和实现:
AccountService.java
-
-
-
- package org.zlex.spring.service;
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- public interface AccountService {
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- boolean verify(String username, String password);
-
- }
/**
* 2010-1-23
*/
package org.zlex.spring.service;
/**
*
* @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">梁栋</a>
* @version 1.0
* @since 1.0
*/
public interface AccountService {
/**
* 验证用户身份
*
* @param username
* @param password
* @return
*/
boolean verify(String username, String password);
}
接口不需要任何Spring注解相关的东西,它就是一个简单的接口!
重要的部分在于实现层,如下所示:
AccountServiceImpl.java
-
-
-
- package org.zlex.spring.service.impl;
-
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
- import org.zlex.spring.dao.AccountDao;
- import org.zlex.spring.domain.Account;
- import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- @Service
- @Transactional
- public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
-
- @Autowired
- private AccountDao accountDao;
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- @Override
- public boolean verify(String username, String password) {
-
- Account account = accountDao.read(username);
-
- if (password.equals(account.getPassword())) {
- return true;
- } else {
- return false;
- }
- }
-
- }
/**
* 2010-1-23
*/
package org.zlex.spring.service.impl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.zlex.spring.dao.AccountDao;
import org.zlex.spring.domain.Account;
import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;
/**
*
* @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">梁栋</a>
* @version 1.0
* @since 1.0
*/
@Service
@Transactional
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
@Autowired
private AccountDao accountDao;
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService#verify(java.lang.String,
* java.lang.String)
*/
@Override
public boolean verify(String username, String password) {
Account account = accountDao.read(username);
if (password.equals(account.getPassword())) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
}
注意以下内容:
@Service
@Transactional
注解@Service用于标识这是一个Service层实现,@Transactional用于控制事务,将事务定位在业务层,这是非常务实的做法!
接下来,我们来看持久层:AccountDao和AccountDaoImpl类
AccountDao.java
-
-
-
- package org.zlex.spring.dao;
-
- import org.zlex.spring.domain.Account;
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- public interface AccountDao {
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Account read(String username);
-
- }
/**
* 2010-1-23
*/
package org.zlex.spring.dao;
import org.zlex.spring.domain.Account;
/**
*
* @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">梁栋</a>
* @version 1.0
* @since 1.0
*/
public interface AccountDao {
/**
* 读取用户信息
*
* @param username
* @return
*/
Account read(String username);
}
这个接口就是简单的数据提取,无需任何Spring注解有关的东西!
再看其实现类:
AccountDaoImpl.java
-
-
-
- package org.zlex.spring.dao.impl;
-
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
- import org.zlex.spring.dao.AccountDao;
- import org.zlex.spring.domain.Account;
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- @Repository
- public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
-
-
-
-
- @Override
- public Account read(String username) {
-
- return new Account(username,"wolf");
- }
-
- }
/**
* 2010-1-23
*/
package org.zlex.spring.dao.impl;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.zlex.spring.dao.AccountDao;
import org.zlex.spring.domain.Account;
/**
*
* @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">梁栋</a>
* @version 1.0
* @since 1.0
*/
@Repository
public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see org.zlex.spring.dao.AccountDao#read(java.lang.String)
*/
@Override
public Account read(String username) {
return new Account(username,"wolf");
}
}
这里只需要注意注解:
@Repository
意为持久层,Dao实现这层我没有过于细致的介绍通过注解调用ORM或是JDBC来完成实现,这些内容后续细述!
这里我们没有提到注解@Component,共有4种“组件”式注解:
引用
@Component:可装载组件
@Repository:持久层组件
@Service:服务层组件
@Controller:控制层组件
这样spring容器就完成了控制层、业务层和持久层的构建。
启动应用,访问http://localhost:8080/spring/account.do?username=snow&password=wolf
观察控制台,如果得到包含“true”的输出,本次构建就成功了!
代码见附件!
顺便说一句:在Spring之前的XML配置中,如果你想在一个类中获得文件可以通过在xml配置这个类的某个属性。在注解的方式(Spring3.0)中,你可以使用@Value来指定这个文件。
例如,我们想要在一个类中获得一个文件,可以这样写:
- @Value("/WEB-INF/database.properties")
- private File databaseConfig;
@Value("/WEB-INF/database.properties")
private File databaseConfig;
如果这个properties文件已经正常在容器中加载,可以直接这样写:
- @Value("${jdbc.url}")
- private String url;
@Value("${jdbc.url}")
private String url;
获得这个url参数!
容器中加载这个Properties文件:
- <util:properties id="jdbc" location="/WEB-INF/database.properties"/>
<util:properties id="jdbc" location="/WEB-INF/database.properties"/>
这样,我们就能通过注解@Value获得/WEB-INF/database.properties这个文件!
如果我们想要获得注入在xml中的某个类,例如dataSource(<bean id ="dataSource">)可以在注解的类中这么写:
- @Resource(name = "dataSource")
- private BasicDataSource dataSource;
@Resource(name = "dataSource")
private BasicDataSource dataSource;
如果只有这么一个类使用该配置文件:
- @ImportResource("/WEB-INF/database.properties")
- public class AccountDaoImpl extends AccountDao {