sybase 导出DDL语句以及ddlgen的描述
工具路径：
%sybase%/ASEP/bin
注：%sybase%为客户端安装目录
语法：
ddlgen -Uusername -Ppassword -Sserver –Ddbname –Tobject_type –Nobject_name
-T 数据库对象类型
-N 对象名称 （必须同-T 一起使用,缺省 –N%）
例：
导出test库中所有对象的ddl语句
ddlgen -Uusername -Ppassword -Sserver –Dtest
导出test库中test用户下所有以t开头的用户表的ddl语句
ddlgen -Utest -Ppassword –Sapp77 -Dtest -TU -Nt%
ddlgen
Description
A Java-based tool that generates definitions for server- and database-level objects in AdaptiveServer. ddlgen supports Adaptive Server version 11.9.2 and later.
The command-line version of ddlgen is located in $SYBASE/ASEP/bin (%SYBASE%\ASEP\bin in Windows).
Syntax
ddlgen
-Ulogin
-Ppassword
-S[server | host_name : port_number]
[-I interfaces_file]
[-Tobject_type]
[-Nobject_name]
[-Ddbname]
[-Xextended_object_type]
[-Ooutput_file]
[-Eerror_file]
[-Lprogress_log_file]
[-Jclient_charset]
-F[ % | SGM | GRP | USR | R | D | UDD | U | V |
P | XP | I | RI | KC | TR | PC ]
Or
ddlgen -v
Parameters
-U login
specifies a login name, and is case-sensitive.
-P password
specifies your password.
-S [server | host_name : port_number]
specifies the name of the Adaptive Server. ddlgen looks this name up in the interfaces fileor LDAP configuration file. If you specify:
·
-S [host_name:port_number] –
ddlgen uses the host_name and port_number provided, and neither interfaces nor LDAP configuration files are read or parsed.
·
-S[server] -I – ddlgen parses the interfaces file specified at the user location for the servername (see the -I parameter description for more information).
·
-S[server] – without specifying an interfaces file, ddlgen does the following:
a.
ddlgen first tries to read the LDAP configuration file from the standard location
b.
If the LDAP file does not exist, or exists but does not contain an Adaptive Serverentry, then the interfaces file is parsed at its standard location for theserver name
c.
If the LDAP file exists, then ddlgen uses it to search the server name. The interfaces file is not parsed, andthe LDAP configuration file is parsed.
You must use the -S option because ddlgen does not connect to a default server.
-I
specifies the interfaces file name, and corresponds to $SYBASE/interfaces for UNIX, and %SYBASE%\ini\sql.ini for Windows. Use thisoptional parameter with -S.
-Tobject_type
specifies the type of object you are creating. If you do not use -T, ddlgen generates DDL for the default database of login. The object types for -T are:
| Object type |
Description |
| C |
cache |
| D |
default |
| DB |
database |
| DBD |
database device |
| DPD |
dump device |
| EC |
execution class |
| EG |
engine group |
| EK |
encrypted keys |
| GRP |
group |
| I |
index |
| KC |
key constraints |
| L |
login |
| LK |
logical key |
| P |
stored procedure |
| R |
rule |
| RI |
referential integrity |
| RO |
role |
| RS |
remote server |
| SGM |
segment |
| TR |
trigger |
| U |
table |
| UDD |
user-defined datatype |
| USR |
user |
| V |
view |
| WS |
user-defined Web service |
| WSC |
Web service consumer |
| XP |
extended stored procedure |
-Nobject_name
specifies the fully qualified name of the object you are creating, such as -Ndb_name.owner_name.table_name.object_name. The -N option:
·
is required if you specify any object_type other than DB (database) in the -T parameter.
·
accepts wildcards with the use of %.
·
generates DDL for all items of a specific object type on your server.
·
enforces strict order in which it parses the names in the -Ndb_name.owner_name.table_name.object_name format. If you only provide three arguments,ddlgen assumes they are owner_name, table_name, and object_name, in that order. Alternatively, you can alsouse -Nowner_name.table_name -Ddb_name. ddlgen does not impose this restriction if object_name is an index (I).
-Ddbname
specifies the name of the database for the object you specify in the -N option. The default is the user’s defaultdatabase.
-Xextended_object_type
differentiates the following:
·
user tables (OU) from proxy tables (OD) when you specify atable as your object type (-TU)
·
temporary databases (OD) from nontemporary databases (OU)when you specify database as your object type (-TDB)
·
SQLJ procedures (OD) from stored procedures (OU) when you specifyprocedure as your object type (-TP).
If object_type (-T) is U (table) and -X is not specified, ddlgen generates DDL for both user tables and proxy tables. To generate DDL onlyfor:
·
user tables – use the OU extended object type with the -X option.
·
proxy tables – use the OD extended object type with the -X option.
ddlgen does not support schema generation for system tables.
-Ooutput_file
specifies an output file for the generated DDL. If you do not specify -O, the DDL you create appears in a consolewindow.
-Eerror_file
specifies a log file for recording errors. If you do not specify -E, the generated errors appear in a consolewindow.
-Lprogress_log_file
specifies a log file for recording the progress of ddlgen. If you do not specify -L, the progress is not recorded.
-Jclient_charset
specifies the character set to use on the client. -Jclient_charset requests thatAdaptive Server convert to and from client_charset, the character set used on the client. Afilter converts input between client_charset and the Adaptive Server character set.
Omitting -J sets the character set to a default for the platform. The default may notnecessarily be the character set that the client is using.
HP platforms – You must use -Jiso_1 to specify the correct character set.
-F
filters out indexes, triggers, and constraints out of table and database definitions in the DDL of table- anddatabase-level objects. The valid filters are:
·
For tables – [ % | I | RI | KC | TR | PC ]
·
For databases – [ % | SGM | GRP | USR | R | D |UDD | U | V | P | XP | I | RI | KC | TR]
The filter options are:
| Filter option |
Filters out: |
| % |
Everything, and retrieves the schema-only definition of a database or table. |
| SGM |
Segments |
| GRP |
Groups |
| USR |
Users |
| R |
Rules |
| D |
Defaults |
| UDD |
Uer-defined datatypes |
| U |
User tables |
| V |
Views |
| P |
Stored procedures |
| PC |
Partition condition |
| XP |
Extended stored procedures |
| I |
Indexes |
| RI |
Referential integrity constraints |
| KC |
Primary- and unique-key constraints |
| TR |
Triggers |
-v
displays the version and copyright message of ddlgen and returns to the operating system.
Examples
Example 1
Caches – Generates DDL for a cache called default data cache on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen -Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TC-N"default data cache"
To generate DDL for all caches:
ddlgen -Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TC-N%
Example 2
Defaults – Generates DDL for a default called “phondflt” owned by jones in the pubs2 database on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen -Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TD-Njones.phonedflt -Dpubs2
Alternatively, because ddlgen allows you to use a fully qualified name in the -N flag, you can omit the -Ddbname and include the database name in the -Noption:
ddlgen -Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TD-Ndbname.owner.defaultname
To generate DDL for all defaults in a database owned by “owner”:
ddlgen -Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TD-Nowner.% -Ddbname
Example 3
Databases – Generates DDL for a database called pubs2 on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen -Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TDB-Npubs2
If you do not specify a dbname, ddlgen generates DDL for the default database of login:
ddlgen -Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port
If you do not use the -T parameter, ddlgen generates DDL for a default-type database:
ddlgen -Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -Ndbname
To generate DDL for all databases:
ddlgen -Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TDB-N%
Example 4
Database device – Generates DDL for a database device called master running on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen -Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TDBD-Nmaster
To generate DDL for all database devices:
ddlgen -Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TDBD-N%
Example 5
Temporarydatabases – Generates DDL for all databases, including tempdb:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TDB -N%
To generate DDL for alltemporary databases, use the OD extended database type:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TDB -XOD -N%
Although you can use the OD extendedtype in Adaptive Server versions 12.5.0.3 and later, versions earlier than12.5.0.3 issue warning messages. You can safely ignore this message; ddlgen continues processing the command.
To generate DDL for alldatabases except temporary databases, use the OU extended type:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TDB -XOU -N%
The following generatesDDL for a temporary database named tempdb1:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TDB -Ntempdb1
The output includes thefollowing:
·
A createtemporary database statement
·
create temporary database tempdb1on master = 4,
·
asdas = 2
·
go
·
An sp_tempdb bind statement where the isql applicationis bound to tempdb1:
·
sp_tempdb 'bind','ap', 'isql','DB', 'tempdb1'
·
go
DDL for objects such asviews, stored procedures, and tables is not generated along with DDL for atemporary database because these objects are temporary, and are re-created whenthe server restarts.
When you use the -F parameterto filter a table while generating DDL for a database object, then indexes,referential integrity, key constraints and triggers automatically get filtered,as they are a subset of the table object.
Example 6
Dumpdevice – generates DDL for a dump device called tapedump1 running on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TDPD -Ntapedump1
To generate DDL for alldump devices:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TDPD -N%
Example 7
Executionclass – generates DDL for an execution class called EC2 running on a machinenamed HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TEC -NEC2
To generate DDL for allexecution classes:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TEC -N%
Example 8
Enginegroups – generates DDL for an engine group called LASTONLINE running on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TEG -NLASTONLINE
To generate DDL for allengine groups:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TEG -N%
Example 9
Extendedstored procedures – generates DDL for the xp_cmdshell extended stored procedure in the pubs2 database, owned by Jones and runningon a machine named HARBOR using port 1955, by using the fullyqualified dbname.owner.extendedstoredprocedure format with the -N option:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TXP -Npubs2.jones.xp_cmdshell
Alternatively, you canuse the -D option instead of using the fullyqualified name:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TXP
-Nowner.extendedstoredprocedure -Ddbname
To generate DDL for allextended stored procedures:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TXP -Ndbname.owner.%
Example 10
Filters –Generates DDL for the authors table in the pubs2 database, filtering for all indexes (I),and referential integrity constraints (RI), primary and unique key constraints(KC), triggers (TR), and partition condition (PC)from the DDL of a table:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -TU -Nauthors -Dpubs2 -F%
Alternatively, you canspecify each of the filters individually:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -TU -Ndbname.owner.table
-FI,RI,KC,TR
The following generatesthe definition of table_name while filtering out foreign keys andprimary-unique keys:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -TU -Ntable_name -Ddbname
-FRI,KC
Both of these generateforeign keys for a specified user in the entire database:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -TRI -N%.%.% -Ddbname
Or:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -TRI -Ndbname%.%.%
Both of these generateDDL for the primary and unique keys of all the tables in a database that beginwith “PK”:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -TKC -Ndbname.%.%.PK%
Or:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -TKC -N%.%.PK% -Ddbname
The following generatesschema-only definition of a database:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TF -Ndbname -F%
Alternatively, you canspecify each of the filters individually:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TDB -Ndbname
-FSGM,GRP,USR,R,D,UDD,V,P,XP,I,RI,KC,TR
The following generatesthe database DDL skipping the compiled object:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TDB -Ndbname -FTR,D,XP,V,R
The following generatesdatabase definition without a table definition:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TDB -Ndbname
-FU
Example 11
Groups –Generates DDL for a group called “public” in the pubs2 database, running on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955, by using the fullyqualifieddbname.groupname format in the -N option:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TGRP -Npubs2.public
Alternatively, you canuse the -D option to specify the dbname:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TGRP -Ngroupname -Ddbname
To generate DDL for allgroups:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TGRP -Ndbname.%
Example 12
Indexes –Generates DDL for an index called au_lname for the table authors owned by dbo, in the pubs2 database:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TI -Ndbo.authors.au_lname -Dpubs2
Alternatively, because ddlgen allows you to use a fully qualifiedname in the -N flag, you can omit the -Ddbname and include the database name in the -Noption:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port
-TI -Ndbname.owner.tablename.indexname
If you use a fullyqualified name, you may omit the -D option.
To generate DDL for allindexes for a single table:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TI
-Ndbname.owner.tablename.%
To generate DDL for allindexes of all tables in a database:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TI
-Ndbname.%.%.%
For example, thisgenerates DDL for all indexes for all tables in the pubs2 database:
ddlgen-Usa -P -SHARBOR:1955 -TI -Npubs2.%.%.%
ddlgen-Usa -P -SHARBOR:1955 -TI -Npubs2.%.%.%
Example 13
Keys – Bothof these generate DDL for the primary and unique keys of all the tables in adatabase that begin with “PK”:
ddlgen-Usa -P -TKC -Ndbname.%.%.PK%
Or:
ddlgen-Usa -P -TKC -N%.%.PK% -Ddbname
Example 14
Logicalkeys – LK generates logical keys of tabledefined by sp_primarykey, sp_commonkey, sp_foreignkey statements. Since these keys do nothave a name, the name of the object in this case would be the name of thetable. This example generate a DDL for logical keys of table authors indatabase pubs2 running on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TLK -Npubs2.dbo.authors
To generate DDL for alllogical keys in database pub2 use:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TLK -Npubs2.%.%
To filter out logicalkeys definition from DDL of table authors use LK in -F argument, use:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TLK -Npubs2.dbo.authors -FLK
Example 15
Logins –Generates DDL for all logins on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TL -N%
The password in the DDLgenerated for all logins is “password”.
Alternatively, you canspecify an individual login by using -Nusername instead of -N%:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TL -Nusername
Example 16
Remote Servers –Generates DDL for a remote server called ORANGE on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TRS -NORANGE
To generate DDL for allremote servers:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TRS -N%
Example 17
Roles –Generates DDL for the sa_role on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TRO -Nsa_role
To generate DDL for allroles:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TRO -N%
The password in the DDLgenerated for all roles is “password”.
Example 18
Rules –Generates DDL for all rules associated with authors on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TR -Nauthors.dbo.%
The % symboltells ddlgen to create DDLs forall rules that exist on the server.
You can also give thefully qualified name of the rule:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TR -Ndbname.owner.rulename
Alternatively, you canalso use the -D parameter:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TR -Nowner.rulename -Ddbname
Example 19
Segments –Generates DDL using the fully qualified dbname.segmentname format in the -N optionfor a segment called logsegment for the pubs2 database, on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TSGM -Npubs2.logsegment
Alternatively, you canuse specify the dbname using the -D option:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TSGM -Nsegmentname -Ddbname
To generate DDL for allsegments:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TSGM -Ndbname.%
Example 20
SQLJ functions –Generates DDL for a SQLJ function named region_of owned by dbo in database master:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TF –Nmaster.dbo.region_of
Alternatively you canalso use the -D parameter:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TF –Ndbo.region_of –Dmaster
To generate DDL for all SQLJ functionsin a database, use object type F:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TF –Ndbname.owner.%
Example 21
SQLJ procedures – are akind of stored procedure. You generate DDL for SQL proceduresalong with DDL for stored procedures. The following generates DDL for allstored procedures—including SQLJ procedures—owned by dbo in the master database:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TP –Nmaster.dbo.%
To generate DDL for all SQLJ proceduresthat are only owned by dbo in the master database, use the following, where theextended type OD refers to SQLJprocedures:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword-Sserver:port -TP –Nmaster.dbo.% -XOD
To generate DDL for allprocedures except SQLJ procedures owned by dbo in the master database, use the following, where theextended type OU refers to all stored procedures except SQLJ procedures:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword-Sserver:port -TP –Nmaster.dbo.% -XOU
Example 22
Storedprocedures – Generates DDL for the sp_monitor stored procedure for the pubs2 database on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955, using the fullyqualified dbname.owner.procedure_name format for the -N option:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TP -Npubs2.dbo.sp_monitor
Alternatively, you canuse specify the dbname using the -D option:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TP -Nowner.procedurename -Ddbname
To generate DDL for allstored procedures:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TP -Ndbname.owner.%
Example 23
Tables –Generates DDL for all user tables in the pubs2 database owned by “dbo” and running ona machine named HARBOR using port 1955:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TU -Ndbo.% -Dpubs2
You can also use the -N parameterto give the fully qualified name of the table:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TU
-Ndbname.tableowner.tablename
Alternatively, you canalso use the -D parameter to specify the database:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TU
-Ntableowner.tablename -Ddbname
To generate DDL for allproxy tables, which uses the value OD,use -XOD instead, where X isthe extended type, and OD denotes proxy tables:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TU
-Ntableowner.% -Ddbname -XOD
To generate DDL for alluser tables, which uses the value OU,use -XOU instead, where X isthe extended type, and OU denotes user tables:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TU
-Ntableowner.% -Ddbname -XOU
To generate DDL for alltables, including user tables and proxy tables:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TU -Ndbname.tableowner.%
Example 24
Triggers –Generates DDL for the trigger checksum for the pubs2 database on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955, using the fullyqualifieddbname.owner.trigger_name format for the -N option:
ddlgen-Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TTR -Npubs2.dbo.checksum
Alternatively, you canuse specify the database_name using the -D option:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TTR
-Nowner.triggername -Ddbname
To generate DDL for alltriggers:
ddlgen-Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TTR -Ndbname.owner.%
Example 25
User-defined datatypes – Generates DDL for the user-defined datatype “Identype” for the pubs2 database on a machine named HARBOR using port 1955 using the fully qualified dbname.userdefined_datatype format for the -N option:
ddlgen -Uroy -Proy123 -SHARBOR:1955 -TUDD-Npubs2.Identype
Alternatively, you can use the -D option to specify the dbname:
ddlgen -Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TUDD
-Nuserdefined_datatype -Ddbname
To generate DDL for all user-defined datatypes:
ddlgen -Ulogin -Ppassword -Sserver:port -TUDD-Nbname.%
For example, this generates DDL for all indexes for all tables in the pubs2 databaseUsage
·
ddlgen does not identify existing sequences within views, stored procedures or triggers.For this reason, when generating DDL for a database, you must first run ddlgen on those views, stored procedures andtriggers that are independent, before running ddlgen on those with dependencies. For example,if view B depends on view A, you must first run ddlgen on view A, before running it on view B.
·
The default information for ddlgen is:
| Option |
Parameter |
Required |
Default |
| -U |
username |
Yes |
None |
| -P |
password |
Yes |
None |
| -S |
host_name:port_number |
Yes |
None |
| -T |
object_type See the -T parameter description for a list of valid object types |
No |
Database |
| -N |
object_name |
Yes, if object_type for -T is not DB(database) |
Default database name of username, if -Tobject_type is db or if -T is not specified |
| -D |
database_name |
No |
Default database of username |
| -X |
extended_object_type Options are: o o |
No; use only when the object_typefor -T is U (user table), P(procedure), DB (database) |
None |
| -O |
output_file_name |
No |
Standard out |
| -E |
error_file_name |
No |
Standard out |
| -L |
log_file_name |
No |
None |
| -V |
version_number of ddlgen |
No |
None |
·
At the command line, invoke ddlgen using the ddlgen shell script file (ddlgen.bat for Windows), included in your Adaptive Server installation. The mainclass inDDLGen.jar is com.sybase.ddlgen.DDLGenerator.
·
To start ddlgen in the Sybase Central plug-in for Adaptive Server:
a.
Right-click on the object for which you want to generate DDL.
b.
Select Generate DDL.
·
In the output DDL of createtable, bind statements are generated as independent DLL instead of dependentDLL.
Filters
If you use an invalid filter parameter, ddlgen generates a warning, ignores thatparameter, and continues with the rest of the valid parameters you specify.
If you specify % along with other filter parameters, ddlgen ignores all other filterable parameters, and only shows schema-onlydefinitions. ddlgen then continues to evaluate the dependencies within the subset of theapplied as the filterable parameters for the database.
Permissions
Since ddlgen needs to obtain data from system catalogs,users must either be logged in as “dbo” or have select permissionsonsyscatalogs.