Android中attr自定义属性详解

http://www.20864.com/201233/176.html

首先在你需要使用自定义属性的布局文件中定义标签，当然也可以使用系统默认标签android：

1 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
2     xmlns:zkx=http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.zkx.test
3     android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent";
4     android:layout_height="wrap_content">

第二行是自定义标签。
格式如上，其中“xmlns:zkx”冒号后面是标签名，在下面使用时(只对当前文件可用)

1 <TextView  zkx:属性名/>

“com.zkx.test”是你的工程包名。

一、reference：参考指定Theme中资源ID。
1.定义：

1 <declare-styleable name="My">
2     <attr name="label" format="reference" >
3 </declare-styleable>

2.使用：

1 <Buttonzkx:label="@string/label" >

二、Color：颜色
1.定义：

1 <declare-styleable name="My">
2     <attr name="textColor" format="color" />
3 </declare-styleable>

2.使用：

1 <Button zkx:textColor="#ff0000"/>

三、boolean：布尔值
1.定义：

1 <declare-styleable name="My">
2     <attr name="isVisible" format="boolean" />
3 </declare-styleable>

2.使用：

1 <Button zkx:isVisible="false"/>

四、dimension：尺寸值
1.定义：

1 <declare-styleable name="My">
2     <attr name="myWidth" format="dimension" />
3 </declare-styleable>

2.使用：

1 <Button zkx:myWidth="100dip"/>

五、float：浮点型
1.定义：

1 <declare-styleable name="My">
2     <attr name="fromAlpha" format="float" />
3 </declare-styleable>

2.使用：

1 <alpha zkx:fromAlpha="0.3"/>

六、integer：整型
1.定义：

1 <declare-styleable name="My">
2     <attr name="frameDuration" format="integer" />
3 </declare-styleable>

2.使用：

1 <animated-rotate zkx:framesCount="22"/>

七、string：字符串
1.定义：

1 <declare-styleable name="My">
2     <attr name="Name" format="string" />
3 </declare-styleable>

2.使用：

1 <rotate zkx:Name="My name is zhang kun xiang"/>

八、fraction：百分数
1.定义：

1 <declare-styleable name="My">
2     <attr name="pivotX" format="fraction" />
3 </declare-styleable>

2.使用：

1 <rotate zkx:pivotX="200%"/>

九、enum：枚举
1.定义：

1 <declare-styleable name="My">
2     <attr name="language">
3         <enum name="English" value="1"/>
4     </attr>
5 </declare-styleable>

2.使用：

1 <Button zkx:language="English"/>

十、flag：位或运算
1.定义：

1 <declare-styleable name="My">
2     <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">
3     <flag name="stateUnspecified" value="1" />
4         <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />
5     </attr>
6 </declare-styleable>

2.使用：

1 <activity android:windowSoftInputMode="stateUnspecified | adjustNothing">

属性定义时可以指定多种类型值：

1 <declare-styleable name = "名称">
2     <attr name="background" format="reference|color" />
3 </declare-styleable>

使用：

1 <ImageView android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00"/>

我们在做项目的时候，由于android自带的属性不能满足需求，android提供了自定义属性的方法，其中的format是做什么用的？以及如何使用它？下面列出一些常用的。

1. reference：参考某一资源ID。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

             <ImageView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"

                     />

2. color：颜色值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <TextView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:textColor = "#00FF00"

                     />

3. boolean：布尔值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <Button

                    android:layout_width = "42dip"
                    android:layout_height = "42dip"

                    android:focusable = "true"

                    />

4. dimension：尺寸值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <Button

                    android:layout_width = "42dip"
                    android:layout_height = "42dip"

                    />

5. float：浮点值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">

                   <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <alpha
                   android:fromAlpha = "1.0"
                   android:toAlpha = "0.7"

                   />

6. integer：整型值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">

                   <attr name = "visible" />
                   <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />
                   <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />
                   <attr name = "pivotX" />
                   <attr name = "pivotY" />
                   <attr name = "drawable" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <animated-rotate

                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
                   android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID" 
                   android:pivotX = "50%" 
                   android:pivotY = "50%" 
                   android:framesCount = "12" 
                   android:frameDuration = "100"

                   />

7. string：字符串。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "MapView">
                   <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />
            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <com.google.android.maps.MapView
                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                    android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g"

                    />

8. fraction：百分数。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">
                   <attr name = "visible" />
                   <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />
                   <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />
                   <attr name = "drawable" />
            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <rotate

                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
　　             android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"

                   android:fromDegrees = "0"
　　             android:toDegrees = "360"

                   android:pivotX = "200%"

                   android:pivotY = "300%"
　　             android:duration = "5000"

                   android:repeatMode = "restart"

                   android:repeatCount = "infinite"

                   />

9. enum：枚举值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name="名称">
                   <attr name="orientation">
                          <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />
                          <enum name="vertical" value="1" />
                   </attr>           

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <LinearLayout

                    xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                    android:orientation = "vertical"
                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                    >
            </LinearLayout>

10. flag：位或运算。

     （1）属性定义：

             <declare-styleable name="名称">
                    <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">
                            <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />
                            <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />
                            <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />
                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />
                            <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />
                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />
                            <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />
                            <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />
                            <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />
                            <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />
                     </attr>        

             </declare-styleable>

     （2）属性使用：

            <activity

                   android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"
                   android:label = "@string/app_name"
                   android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged　|　stateHidden">
                   <intent-filter>
                          <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                          <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
                   </intent-filter>
             </activity>

特别要注意：

     属性定义时可以指定多种类型值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

             <ImageView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00"

                     />