iOS中 语音识别功能／语音转文字教程详解 韩俊强的博客
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原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/qq_31810357/article/details/51111702
前言：最近研究了一下语音识别，从百度语音识别到讯飞语音识别；首先说一下个人针对两者的看法，讯飞毫无疑问比较专业，识别率也很高真对语音识别是比较精准的，但是很多开发者和我一样期望离线识别，而讯飞离线是收费的；请求次数来讲，两者都可以申请高配额，真对用户较多的几乎都一样。基于免费并且支持离线我选择了百度离线语音识别。比较简单，UI设计多一点，下面写一下教程：
1.首先：需要的库
2.我是自定义的UI所以以功能实现为主（头文件）
// 头文件 #import "BDVRCustomRecognitonViewController.h" #import "BDVRClientUIManager.h" #import "WBVoiceRecordHUD.h" #import "BDVRViewController.h" #import "MyViewController.h" #import "BDVRSConfig.h"
3.需要知道的功能：能用到的如下：
//－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－类方法－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ // 创建语音识别客户对像，该对像是个单例 + (BDVoiceRecognitionClient *)sharedInstance; // 释放语音识别客户端对像 + (void)releaseInstance; //－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－识别方法－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ // 判断是否可以录音 - (BOOL)isCanRecorder; // 开始语音识别，需要实现MVoiceRecognitionClientDelegate代理方法，并传入实现对像监听事件 // 返回值参考 TVoiceRecognitionStartWorkResult - (int)startVoiceRecognition:(id<MVoiceRecognitionClientDelegate>)aDelegate; // 说完了，用户主动完成录音时调用 - (void)speakFinish; // 结束本次语音识别 - (void)stopVoiceRecognition; /** * @brief 获取当前识别的采样率 * * @return 采样率(16000/8000) */ - (int)getCurrentSampleRate; /** * @brief 得到当前识别模式(deprecated) * * @return 当前识别模式 */ - (int)getCurrentVoiceRecognitionMode __attribute__((deprecated)); /** * @brief 设置当前识别模式(deprecated)，请使用-(void)setProperty:(TBDVoiceRecognitionProperty)property; * * @param 识别模式 * * @return 是否设置成功 */ - (void)setCurrentVoiceRecognitionMode:(int)aMode __attribute__((deprecated)); // 设置识别类型 - (void)setProperty:(TBDVoiceRecognitionProperty)property __attribute__((deprecated)); // 获取当前识别类型 - (int)getRecognitionProperty __attribute__((deprecated)); // 设置识别类型列表, 除EVoiceRecognitionPropertyInput和EVoiceRecognitionPropertySong外 // 可以识别类型复合 - (void)setPropertyList: (NSArray*)prop_list; // cityID仅对EVoiceRecognitionPropertyMap识别类型有效 - (void)setCityID: (NSInteger)cityID; // 获取当前识别类型列表 - (NSArray*)getRecognitionPropertyList; //－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－提示音－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ // 播放提示音，默认为播放,录音开始，录音结束提示音 // BDVoiceRecognitionClientResources/Tone // record_start.caf 录音开始声音文件 // record_end.caf 录音结束声音文件 // 声音资源需要加到项目工程里，用户可替换资源文件，文件名不可以变，建音提示音不宜过长，0。5秒左右。 // aTone 取值参考 TVoiceRecognitionPlayTones，如没有找到文件，则返回ＮＯ - (BOOL)setPlayTone:(int)aTone isPlay:(BOOL)aIsPlay;
4.录音按钮相关动画（我自定义的，大家可以借鉴）
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// 录音按钮相关 @property (nonatomic, weak, readonly) UIButton *holdDownButton;// 说话按钮 /** * 是否取消錄音 */ @property (nonatomic, assign, readwrite) BOOL isCancelled; /** * 是否正在錄音 */ @property (nonatomic, assign, readwrite) BOOL isRecording; /** * 当录音按钮被按下所触发的事件，这时候是开始录音 */ - (void)holdDownButtonTouchDown; /** * 当手指在录音按钮范围之外离开屏幕所触发的事件，这时候是取消录音 */ - (void)holdDownButtonTouchUpOutside; /** * 当手指在录音按钮范围之内离开屏幕所触发的事件，这时候是完成录音 */ - (void)holdDownButtonTouchUpInside; /** * 当手指滑动到录音按钮的范围之外所触发的事件 */ - (void)holdDownDragOutside;
5.初始化系统UI
#pragma mark - layout subViews UI /** * 根据正常显示和高亮状态创建一个按钮对象 * * @param image 正常显示图 * @param hlImage 高亮显示图 * * @return 返回按钮对象 */ - (UIButton *)createButtonWithImage:(UIImage *)image HLImage:(UIImage *)hlImage ; - (void)holdDownDragInside; - (void)createInitView; // 创建初始化界面，播放提示音时会用到 - (void)createRecordView; // 创建录音界面 - (void)createRecognitionView; // 创建识别界面 - (void)createErrorViewWithErrorType:(int)aStatus; // 在识别view中显示详细错误信息 - (void)createRunLogWithStatus:(int)aStatus; // 在状态view中显示详细状态信息 - (void)finishRecord:(id)sender; // 用户点击完成动作 - (void)cancel:(id)sender; // 用户点击取消动作 - (void)startVoiceLevelMeterTimer; - (void)freeVoiceLevelMeterTimerTimer;
6.最重要的部分
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// 录音完成 [[BDVoiceRecognitionClient sharedInstance] speakFinish];
// 取消录音 [[BDVoiceRecognitionClient sharedInstance] stopVoiceRecognition];
7.两个代理方法
- (void)VoiceRecognitionClientWorkStatus:(int)aStatus obj:(id)aObj
{
switch (aStatus)
{
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkStatusFlushData: // 连续上屏中间结果
{
NSString *text = [aObj objectAtIndex:0];
if ([text length] > 0)
{
// [clientSampleViewController logOutToContinusManualResut:text];
UILabel *clientWorkStatusFlushLabel = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(kScreenWidth/2 - 100,64,200,60)];
clientWorkStatusFlushLabel.text = text;
clientWorkStatusFlushLabel.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
clientWorkStatusFlushLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18.0f];
clientWorkStatusFlushLabel.numberOfLines = 0;
clientWorkStatusFlushLabel.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
[self.view addSubview:clientWorkStatusFlushLabel];
}
break;
}
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkStatusFinish: // 识别正常完成并获得结果
{
[self createRunLogWithStatus:aStatus];
if ([[BDVoiceRecognitionClient sharedInstance] getRecognitionProperty] != EVoiceRecognitionPropertyInput)
{
// 搜索模式下的结果为数组，示例为
// ["公园", "公元"]
NSMutableArray *audioResultData = (NSMutableArray *)aObj;
NSMutableString *tmpString = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@""];
for (int i=0; i < [audioResultData count]; i++)
{
[tmpString appendFormat:@"%@\r\n",[audioResultData objectAtIndex:i]];
}
clientSampleViewController.resultView.text = nil;
[clientSampleViewController logOutToManualResut:tmpString];
}
else
{
NSString *tmpString = [[BDVRSConfig sharedInstance] composeInputModeResult:aObj];
[clientSampleViewController logOutToContinusManualResut:tmpString];
}
if (self.view.superview)
{
[self.view removeFromSuperview];
}
break;
}
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkStatusReceiveData:
{
// 此状态只有在输入模式下使用
// 输入模式下的结果为带置信度的结果，示例如下：
// [
// [
// {
// "百度" = "0.6055192947387695";
// },
// {
// "摆渡" = "0.3625582158565521";
// },
// ]
// [
// {
// "一下" = "0.7665404081344604";
// }
// ],
// ]
//暂时关掉 -- 否则影响跳转结果
// NSString *tmpString = [[BDVRSConfig sharedInstance] composeInputModeResult:aObj];
// [clientSampleViewController logOutToContinusManualResut:tmpString];
break;
}
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkStatusEnd: // 用户说话完成，等待服务器返回识别结果
{
[self createRunLogWithStatus:aStatus];
if ([BDVRSConfig sharedInstance].voiceLevelMeter)
{
[self freeVoiceLevelMeterTimerTimer];
}
[self createRecognitionView];
break;
}
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkStatusCancel:
{
if ([BDVRSConfig sharedInstance].voiceLevelMeter)
{
[self freeVoiceLevelMeterTimerTimer];
}
[self createRunLogWithStatus:aStatus];
if (self.view.superview)
{
[self.view removeFromSuperview];
}
break;
}
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkStatusStartWorkIng: // 识别库开始识别工作，用户可以说话
{
if ([BDVRSConfig sharedInstance].playStartMusicSwitch) // 如果播放了提示音，此时再给用户提示可以说话
{
[self createRecordView];
}
if ([BDVRSConfig sharedInstance].voiceLevelMeter) // 开启语音音量监听
{
[self startVoiceLevelMeterTimer];
}
[self createRunLogWithStatus:aStatus];
break;
}
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkStatusNone:
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkPlayStartTone:
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkPlayStartToneFinish:
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkStatusStart:
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkPlayEndToneFinish:
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkPlayEndTone:
{
[self createRunLogWithStatus:aStatus];
break;
}
case EVoiceRecognitionClientWorkStatusNewRecordData:
{
break;
}
default:
{
[self createRunLogWithStatus:aStatus];
if ([BDVRSConfig sharedInstance].voiceLevelMeter)
{
[self freeVoiceLevelMeterTimerTimer];
}
if (self.view.superview)
{
[self.view removeFromSuperview];
}
break;
}
}
}
- (void)VoiceRecognitionClientNetWorkStatus:(int) aStatus
{
switch (aStatus)
{
case EVoiceRecognitionClientNetWorkStatusStart:
{
[self createRunLogWithStatus:aStatus];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] setNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible:YES];
break;
}
case EVoiceRecognitionClientNetWorkStatusEnd:
{
[self createRunLogWithStatus:aStatus];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] setNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible:NO];
break;
}
}
}
8.录音按钮的一些操作
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#pragma mark ------ 关于按钮操作的一些事情-------
- (void)holdDownButtonTouchDown {
// 开始动画
_disPlayLink = [CADisplayLink displayLinkWithTarget:self selector:@selector(delayAnimation)];
_disPlayLink.frameInterval = 40;
[_disPlayLink addToRunLoop:[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
self.isCancelled = NO;
self.isRecording = NO;
// 开始语音识别功能，之前必须实现MVoiceRecognitionClientDelegate协议中的VoiceRecognitionClientWorkStatus:obj方法
int startStatus = -1;
startStatus = [[BDVoiceRecognitionClient sharedInstance] startVoiceRecognition:self];
if (startStatus != EVoiceRecognitionStartWorking) // 创建失败则报告错误
{
NSString *statusString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",startStatus];
[self performSelector:@selector(firstStartError:) withObject:statusString afterDelay:0.3]; // 延迟0.3秒，以便能在出错时正常删除view
return;
}
// "按住说话－松开搜索"提示
[voiceImageStr removeFromSuperview];
voiceImageStr = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(kScreenWidth/2 - 40, kScreenHeight - 153, 80, 33)];
voiceImageStr.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithPatternImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"searchVoice"]];
[self.view addSubview:voiceImageStr];
}
- (void)holdDownButtonTouchUpOutside {
// 结束动画
[self.view.layer removeAllAnimations];
[_disPlayLink invalidate];
_disPlayLink = nil;
// 取消录音
[[BDVoiceRecognitionClient sharedInstance] stopVoiceRecognition];
if (self.view.superview)
{
[self.view removeFromSuperview];
}
}
- (void)holdDownButtonTouchUpInside {
// 结束动画
[self.view.layer removeAllAnimations];
[_disPlayLink invalidate];
_disPlayLink = nil;
[[BDVoiceRecognitionClient sharedInstance] speakFinish];
}
- (void)holdDownDragOutside {
//如果已經開始錄音了, 才需要做拖曳出去的動作, 否則只要切換 isCancelled, 不讓錄音開始.
if (self.isRecording) {
// if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(didDragOutsideAction)]) {
// [self.delegate didDragOutsideAction];
// }
} else {
self.isCancelled = YES;
}
}
#pragma mark - layout subViews UI
- (UIButton *)createButtonWithImage:(UIImage *)image HLImage:(UIImage *)hlImage {
UIButton *button = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(kScreenWidth/2 -36, kScreenHeight - 120, 72, 72)];
if (image)
[button setBackgroundImage:image forState:UIControlStateNormal];
if (hlImage)
[button setBackgroundImage:hlImage forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
return button;
}
#pragma mark ----------- 动画部分 -----------
- (void)startAnimation
{
CALayer *layer = [[CALayer alloc] init];
layer.cornerRadius = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width/2;
layer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, layer.cornerRadius * 2, layer.cornerRadius * 2);
layer.position = CGPointMake([UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width/2,[UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height - 84);
// self.view.layer.position;
UIColor *color = [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random()%10*0.1 green:arc4random()%10*0.1 blue:arc4random()%10*0.1 alpha:1];
layer.backgroundColor = color.CGColor;
[self.view.layer addSublayer:layer];
CAMediaTimingFunction *defaultCurve = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionDefault];
_animaTionGroup = [CAAnimationGroup animation];
_animaTionGroup.delegate = self;
_animaTionGroup.duration = 2;
_animaTionGroup.removedOnCompletion = YES;
_animaTionGroup.timingFunction = defaultCurve;
CABasicAnimation *scaleAnimation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale.xy"];
scaleAnimation.fromValue = @0.0;
scaleAnimation.toValue = @1.0;
scaleAnimation.duration = 2;
CAKeyframeAnimation *opencityAnimation = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"opacity"];
opencityAnimation.duration = 2;
opencityAnimation.values = @[@0.8,@0.4,@0];
opencityAnimation.keyTimes = @[@0,@0.5,@1];
opencityAnimation.removedOnCompletion = YES;
NSArray *animations = @[scaleAnimation,opencityAnimation];
_animaTionGroup.animations = animations;
[layer addAnimation:_animaTionGroup forKey:nil];
[self performSelector:@selector(removeLayer:) withObject:layer afterDelay:1.5];
}
- (void)removeLayer:(CALayer *)layer
{
[layer removeFromSuperlayer];
}
- (void)delayAnimation
{
[self startAnimation];
}
完成以上操作，就大功告成了！
温馨提示：
1.由于是语音识别，需要用到麦克风相关权限，模拟器会爆12个错误，使用真机可以解决；
2.涉及到授权文件相关并不复杂，工程Bundle Identifier只需要设置百度的离线授权一致即可，如下图：
最终效果如下：
有不懂或不明白的地方可以微博联系我：
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