nginx源码解析一(main函数分析)

//1.时间、正则、错误日志、ssl等初始化
//2.读入命令行参数
//3.OS相关初始化
//4.读入并解析配置
//5.核心模块初始化
//6.创建各种临时文件和目录
//7.创建共享内存
//8.打开listen的端口
//9.所有模块初始化
//10.启动worker进程
int ngx_cdecl
main(int argc, char *const *argv)
{
    ngx_int_t         i;
    ngx_log_t        *log;
    ngx_cycle_t      *cycle, init_cycle;
    ngx_core_conf_t  *ccf;

#if (NGX_FREEBSD)
    ngx_debug_init();
#endif

    if (ngx_strerror_init() != NGX_OK) {
        return 1;
    }

    //获取参数和配置参数,比如命令是nginx -v 那么ngx_show_version就设置为1
    if (ngx_get_options(argc, argv) != NGX_OK) {
   //读取服务器启动时后跟的参数,根据参数来设置一些全局变量(例如有-v时,设置
   //ngx_show_version=1),从而来控制后面的执行流程
        return 1;
    }

    if (ngx_show_version) {
       //打印版本信息,必要时打印帮助信息
        ngx_write_stderr("nginx version: " NGINX_VER NGX_LINEFEED);

        if (ngx_show_help) {
            ngx_write_stderr(
                "Usage: nginx [-?hvVtq] [-s signal] [-c filename] "
                             "[-p prefix] [-g directives]" NGX_LINEFEED
                             NGX_LINEFEED
                "Options:" NGX_LINEFEED
                "  -?,-h         : this help" NGX_LINEFEED
                "  -v            : show version and exit" NGX_LINEFEED
                "  -V            : show version and configure options then exit"
                                   NGX_LINEFEED
                "  -t            : test configuration and exit" NGX_LINEFEED
                "  -q            : suppress non-error messages "
                                   "during configuration testing" NGX_LINEFEED
                "  -s signal     : send signal to a master process: "
                                   "stop, quit, reopen, reload" NGX_LINEFEED
#ifdef NGX_PREFIX
                "  -p prefix     : set prefix path (default: "
                                   NGX_PREFIX ")" NGX_LINEFEED
#else
                "  -p prefix     : set prefix path (default: NONE)" NGX_LINEFEED
#endif
                "  -c filename   : set configuration file (default: "
                                   NGX_CONF_PATH ")" NGX_LINEFEED
                "  -g directives : set global directives out of configuration "
                                   "file" NGX_LINEFEED NGX_LINEFEED
                );
        }

        if (ngx_show_configure) {
            ngx_write_stderr(
#ifdef NGX_COMPILER
                "built by " NGX_COMPILER NGX_LINEFEED
#endif
#if (NGX_SSL)
#ifdef SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_HOSTNAME
                "TLS SNI support enabled" NGX_LINEFEED
#else
                "TLS SNI support disabled" NGX_LINEFEED
#endif
#endif
                "configure arguments:" NGX_CONFIGURE NGX_LINEFEED);
        }

        if (!ngx_test_config) {
            return 0;
        }
    }

    /* TODO */ ngx_max_sockets = -1;

    //初始化nginx环境的当前时间
    ngx_time_init();

#if (NGX_PCRE)
    ngx_regex_init();
#endif

	//master pid, 获取当前进程ID
    ngx_pid = ngx_getpid();
    // 初始化日志,如打开日志文件
    log = ngx_log_init(ngx_prefix);
    if (log == NULL) {
        return 1;
    }

    /* STUB */
#if (NGX_OPENSSL)
    ngx_ssl_init(log);  //是否开启了ssl,如果开启在这里进行初始化
#endif

    /*
     * init_cycle->log is required for signal handlers and
     * ngx_process_options()
     */

    ngx_memzero(&init_cycle, sizeof(ngx_cycle_t));
    init_cycle.log = log;
    ngx_cycle = &init_cycle;
    // 为cycle创建一个1024B的内存池
    init_cycle.pool = ngx_create_pool(1024, log);
    if (init_cycle.pool == NULL) {
        return 1;
    }
    // 保存参数到全局变量中
    if (ngx_save_argv(&init_cycle, argc, argv) != NGX_OK) {
        return 1;
    }
    // 初始化init_cycle中的一些如: conf_file,prefix,conf_prefix等字段
    if (ngx_process_options(&init_cycle) != NGX_OK) {
        return 1;
    }
    // 初始化系统相关变量,如内存页面大小ngx_pagesize,ngx_cacheline_size,最大连接数ngx_max_sockets等
    if (ngx_os_init(log) != NGX_OK) {  // 这个ngx_os_init在不同操作系统调用不同的函数
        return 1;
    }

    /*
     * ngx_crc32_table_init() requires ngx_cacheline_size set in ngx_os_init()
     */
    // 初始化CRC表,提高效率,以后就不用计算了,直接用
    if (ngx_crc32_table_init() != NGX_OK) {
        return 1;
    }
     // 继承sockets,继承来的socket将会放到init_cycle的listening数组
    if (ngx_add_inherited_sockets(&init_cycle) != NGX_OK) {
        return 1;
    }
    // 计算模块个数,并且设置各个模块顺序(索引)
    ngx_max_module = 0;
    for (i = 0; ngx_modules[i]; i++) {  // 这里面的ngx_modules会有非常多的模块,[ngx_core_module,ngx_errlog_module,ngx_conf_moduel]
        ngx_modules[i]->index = ngx_max_module++;
    }

    // 对ngx_cycle结构进行初始化,这里是nginx启动核心之处!
    cycle = ngx_init_cycle(&init_cycle);
    if (cycle == NULL) {
        if (ngx_test_config) {
            ngx_log_stderr(0, "configuration file %s test failed",
                           init_cycle.conf_file.data);
        }

        return 1;
    }

    if (ngx_test_config) {
        if (!ngx_quiet_mode) {
            ngx_log_stderr(0, "configuration file %s test is successful",
                           cycle->conf_file.data);
        }

        return 0;
    }
    // 检查是否有设置信号处理,如有,进入ngx_signal_process处理
    if (ngx_signal) {
        return ngx_signal_process(cycle, ngx_signal);
    }

    ngx_os_status(cycle->log);

    ngx_cycle = cycle;

    ccf = (ngx_core_conf_t *) ngx_get_conf(cycle->conf_ctx, ngx_core_module);

    if (ccf->master && ngx_process == NGX_PROCESS_SINGLE) {
        ngx_process = NGX_PROCESS_MASTER;
    }

#if !(NGX_WIN32)

    if (ngx_init_signals(cycle->log) != NGX_OK) {
        return 1;
    }

    if (!ngx_inherited && ccf->daemon) {
        if (ngx_daemon(cycle->log) != NGX_OK) { //如果是daemon模式,本进程变为守护进程
            return 1;
        }

        ngx_daemonized = 1;
    }

    if (ngx_inherited) {
        ngx_daemonized = 1;
    }

#endif
    // 创建进程记录文件
    if (ngx_create_pidfile(&ccf->pid, cycle->log) != NGX_OK) {
        return 1;
    }

    if (cycle->log->file->fd != ngx_stderr) {

        if (ngx_set_stderr(cycle->log->file->fd) == NGX_FILE_ERROR) {
            ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cycle->log, ngx_errno,
                          ngx_set_stderr_n " failed");
            return 1;
        }
    }

    if (log->file->fd != ngx_stderr) {
        if (ngx_close_file(log->file->fd) == NGX_FILE_ERROR) {
            ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, cycle->log, ngx_errno,
                          ngx_close_file_n " built-in log failed");
        }
    }

    ngx_use_stderr = 0;

    if (ngx_process == NGX_PROCESS_SINGLE) {
        ngx_single_process_cycle(cycle);   //单进程

    } else {
        ngx_master_process_cycle(cycle);    //多进程,master进程进入这个,这个函数在不同操作系统有不同实现。
    }

    return 0;
}


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