1. mydm1.c:
<span style="font-size:14px;">#include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/types.h> #include <linux/mm.h> #include <linux/fs.h> #include <linux/errno.h> #include <linux/sched.h> #include <linux/cdev.h> #include <asm/io.h> #include <asm/uaccess.h> MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL"); int devMajor = 224; // 主设备号用于内核把文件和它的驱动链接在一起 static unsigned char simple_inc = 0; static unsigned char demoBuffer[256]; // 用于存储该驱动的数据 int simple_open( struct inode *inode, struct file *filp ) { printk(" : open Success!\n"); if(simple_inc>0) { return -1; } simple_inc = simple_inc + 1; return 0; } int simple_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp) { printk(": release Success%d!\n",devMajor); simple_inc = simple_inc - 1; return 0; } ssize_t simple_read(struct file *filp,char __user *buf,size_t count,loff_t *f_pos) { printk(": read Success%d!\n", devMajor); /*把数据复制到应用程序空间 从内核空间demoBuffer中拷贝数据到用户空间buf中*/ if( copy_to_user(buf,demoBuffer,count) ) { count=-EFAULT; } return count; } ssize_t simple_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf,size_t count,loff_t *f_pos) { printk(": write Success%d!\n",devMajor); /*把数据复制到内核空间*/ if(copy_from_user(demoBuffer + *f_pos,buf,count)) { count=-EFAULT; } return count; } struct file_operations simple_fops={ .owner=THIS_MODULE, .read=simple_read, .write=simple_write, .open=simple_open, .release=simple_release, }; /******************************************************* MODULEROUTINE *******************************************************/ static void __exit simple_cleanup_module(void) { unregister_chrdev(devMajor,"mydm1"); printk(" : simple_cleanup_module!\n"); //return 0; } static int __init simple_init_module(void) { int ret; //根据设备号与设备名注册字符设备,此处设备名不一定要与模块名相同, /*register_chrdev函数用于在内核空间,把驱动 和/dev下设备文件链接在一起*/ ret=register_chrdev( devMajor,"mydm1",&simple_fops); if(ret<0) { printk(" : Unabletoregistercharacterdevice%d!\n",devMajor); return ret; } else { printk(" : Success%d!\n",devMajor ); } return 0; } module_init(simple_init_module); module_exit(simple_cleanup_module);</span>
<span style="font-size:14px;">obj-m := mydm1.o #KERNELDIR := /lib/modules/3.13.0-32-generic/build KERNELDIR := /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build PWD := $(shell pwd) modules: $(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules modules_install: $(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules_install clean: rm *.o *.ko *.mod.c *.order *.symvers</span>
<span style="font-size:14px;">#include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> void main(void) { int fd; int i; char data[256]; int retval; fd = open("/dev/fgj",O_RDWR); if(fd==-1) { perror("erroropen\n"); exit(-1); } printf("open/dev/fgjsuccessfully\n"); //写数据 retval = write(fd,"fgj",3); if(retval==-1) { perror("writeerror\n"); exit(-1); } printf("write successfully\n"); //读数据 retval=read(fd,data,3); if(retval==-1) { perror("readerror\n"); exit(-1); } data[retval]=0; printf("readsuccessfully:%s\n",data); //关闭设备 close(fd); } </span>
1. 到包含Makefile和mydm1.c的目录下执行make,生成mydm1.ko;
2. 执行sudo insmod mydm1.ko;
3. 验证:lsmod | grep mydm1
4. 需要创建一个文件(该设备文件用于和设备驱动操作)
mknod /dev/fgj c 224 0 c代表字符设备 224为主设备号,0为从设备号
5. gcc test.c,然后执行:sudo ./a.out 输出如下:
open/dev/fgjsuccessfully
write successfully
readsuccessfully:fgj
用户函数和内核函数对应关系:
注意:
1. 保证/dev/fgj有读写权限 chmod 666 /dev/fgj;
2. printk打印的消息若灭有在控制台上显示,可以同构dmesg命令或查看系统的日志文件cat /var/log/syslog命令看到;
3. 驱动编译:gcc必须用系统自带的版本,gcc -v查看当前版本, 否则insmod后,lsmod会没反应,系统直接卡死,注销也不行,只能重启;
ref:
http://read.pudn.com/downloads119/ebook/506573/Linuxdevicedriver.pdf
http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=g2-BXCT3tUdsRWLShnFZ6x0OifBbVny3RnEJ4rUn5YAVsZxMXRt6ze6UsEw7vMfM3rPomf7c-sv2DtStQm_Z9q