Centos 6 Oracle 12C 超详细安装

	Install Oracle Database 12c. Before Installing, Change some settings for requirements of installing Oracle database.
[1]	Install Desktop Environment, refer to here.
[2]	Install some packages first.

[root@dlp ~]# yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 ksh libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel.i686 libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 ibXext ibXext.i686 libX11 libX11.i686 libxcb libxcb.i686 libXi libXi.i686 make sysstat

[3]	Edit Kernel parameters.

[root@dlp ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf # comment out # net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 # net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 # net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 # add follows to the end kernel.shmmni=4096 kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max=6815744 fs.aio-max-nr=1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default=262144 net.core.rmem_max=4194304 net.core.wmem_default=262144 net.core.wmem_max=1048576 [root@dlp ~]# sysctl -p net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 kernel.sysrq = 0 kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 kernel.msgmnb = 65536 kernel.msgmax = 65536 kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 kernel.shmall = 4294967296 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 6815744 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

[4]	Create user and groups for Oracle Database.

[root@dlp ~]# i=54321; for group in oinstall dba backupdba oper dgdba kmdba; do groupadd -g $i $group; i=`expr $i + 1` done [root@dlp ~]# useradd -u 1200 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba -d /home/oracle oracle [root@dlp ~]# passwd oracle Changing password for user oracle. New password: Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@dlp ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle [root@dlp ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app [root@dlp ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01 [root@dlp ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login # near line 14: add session required pam_selinux.so open session required pam_namespace.so session required pam_limits.so session optional pam_keyinit.so force revoke session include system-auth -session optional pam_ck_connector.so [root@dlp ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf # add follows to the end oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768

[5]	Switch to a user "Oracle" and configure some settings.

dlp login:

oracle

Password:

[oracle@dlp ~]$

vi ~/.bash_profile

# add follows to the end

umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

# create a temporary directory for installation

[oracle@dlp ~]$

mkdir tmp

	Install Oracle Database 12c.
[1]	Login and work with "oracle" user which you create in previous section.

[2]	Download Oracle Databse 12c for Linux and upload on your server. http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html
[3]	After uploading Oracle files, move to a tmp directory and run an Installer like follows.

[oracle@dlp ~]$ cd tmp [oracle@dlp tmp]$ unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip [oracle@dlp tmp]$ unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip [oracle@dlp tmp]$ ./database/runInstaller

[4]	Oracle Installer starts like follows. First, Set your email address and password for receiving some infomation from Oracle like security issues and so on.

[5]	On this example, Select "Install database software only".

[6]	On this example, Select "Single Instance Database ***".

[7]	Select your language.

[8]	Select which edition you install.

[9]	Specify the base directory and files for Oracle. On this example, keep default and proceed to next.

[10]	Specify the installed directory. On this example, keep default and proceed to next.

[11]	Specify the priviledged group. On this example, keep default and proceed to next.

[12]	The summary is shown for configuration. Click "Finish" if it's OK all.

[13]	Installation starts.

[14]	Following screen is shown, then open a terminal and execute follwong commands with the root user.

[root@dlp ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory. Adding read,write permissions for group. Removing read,write,execute permissions for world. Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall. The execution of the script is complete. [root@dlp ~]# [root@dlp ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh Performing root user operation. The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= oracle ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1 Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:    # Enter Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ... Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Creating /etc/oratab file... Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created Finished running generic part of root script. Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

[15]	Installation completed. Click "Close" button.

[16]	Configure some settings for Oracle user.

[oracle@dlp ~]$

vi ~/.bash_profile

# add follows to the end

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

[oracle@dlp ~]$

source ~/.bash_profile

[oracle@dlp ~]$

rm -rf tmp

	Create Oracle Net Listener that is a network service on Oracle.
[1]	Login with the "oracle" user and input a command "netca" like follows.

[oracle@dlp ~]$ netca

[2]	Check a box "Listener Configuration" and go next.

[3]

Go next.

[4]	Set Listner's name. Input any one you like.

[5]	This example goes next with keeping default "TCP".

[6]	Set a port. This example goes next with keeping default.

[7]	If you'd like to create more Listeners, Answer "Yes". This example selects "No".

[8]	Configuration completed.

[9]	Click "Finish" to quit. After finishing, Confirm the status by "netstat" comand. Then you'll see "tnslsnr" listens 1521 port.

	Create a Database.
[1]	Login with the "oracle" user and input a command "dbca" like follows.

[oracle@dlp ~]$ dbca

[2]	Select "Create Database" and go next.

[3]	On this example, select "Advanced Mode" and go next.

[4]	This example selects "General Purpose ***" and go next.

[5]	Set Grobal Database name and SID like follows. Input any one you like.

[6]	This example goes next with keeping default.

[7]	Set passwords. Please set a password for a user for security.

[8]	Configure Listener. On this example, keep default and go next.

[9]	Configure Storage settings. On this example, keep default and go next.

[10]	Configure sample schema and scripts. If you'd like to add them, Set them.

[11]	Configure memory settings. After setting, go to next tab.

[12]	Specify max processes.

[13]	Set Character setting.

[14]	Select a connection mode. If your server does not have many clients, Select Dedicated server mode. If your server has many clients, Select Shared server mode.

[15]

Go next.

[16]	Configuration completed. Click "Finish" button to finish.

[17]	Database creation starts.

[18]	After completing to create a database, Click "Close" to finish.

[19]	Access to the URL that is shown on finished screen above with web browser, then follwing screen is shown. Input a user name and password that you configured on the section [7].

[20]	Just logined. It's possible to manage the database on here.

	Create an init Script to make Oracle start automatically on system booting.
[1]	Set environment variables for "oracle" user like follows.

[oracle@dlp ~]$ vi /etc/oratab # end line: change dlp:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1: Y [oracle@dlp ~]$ vi ~/.bash_profile # add follows to the end export ORACLE_SID=dlp

[2]	Create an init Script with the root user.

[root@dlp ~]#

vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle

# it's an example, edit it you like.

#!/bin/bash

# oracle: Start/Stop Oracle Database 12c R1
#
# chkconfig: 345 90 10
# description: The Oracle Database is an Object-Relational Database Management System.
#
# processname: oracle

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

LOCKFILE=/var/lock/subsys/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_USER=oracle

case "$1" in
'start')
    if [ -f $LOCKFILE ]; then
        echo $0 already running.
        exit 1
    fi
    echo -n $"Starting Oracle Database:"
    su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"
    su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME"
    touch $LOCKFILE
    ;;
'stop')
    if [ ! -f $LOCKFILE ]; then
        echo $0 already stopping.
        exit 1
    fi
    echo -n $"Stopping Oracle Database:"
    su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"
    su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut"
    rm -f $LOCKFILE
    ;;
'restart')
    $0 stop
    $0 start
    ;;
'status')
    if [ -f $LOCKFILE ]; then
        echo $0 started.
    else
        echo $0 stopped.
    fi
    ;;
*)
    echo "Usage: $0 [start|stop|status]"
    exit 1
esac

exit 0

[root@dlp ~]#

chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle

[root@dlp ~]#

chkconfig --add oracle

[root@dlp ~]#

chkconfig oracle on