【OpenCV】【图像处理】基于轮廓的字符分割

vector<IplImage*>  mycvCharSegment(IplImage* image)
{  //此函数利用OpenCV中的cvFindContours找出字符的轮廓后进行字符分割，包括汉字的合并处理，但是要求二值化的图像轮廓清晰
	vector<IplImage*> characters;  //存储分割出来的字符的图像头

	IplImage* smoothImg = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(image), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
	cvSmooth(image, smoothImg, CV_MEDIAN, 3, 3, 0, 0);
	/*cvNamedWindow("Smooth", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	cvShowImage("Smooth", smoothImg);*/

	IplImage* contoursImg = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(image), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
	cvCopy(smoothImg,contoursImg);
	CvSeq* contours = NULL;  
        CvMemStorage* storage = cvCreateMemStorage(0);  
	int count = cvFindContours(smoothImg, storage, &contours, sizeof(CvContour), CV_RETR_EXTERNAL); 

	vector<CvRect> rcs;
	vector<CvRect> comrcs;
	for ( CvSeq* c = contours; c != NULL; c = c->h_next ) 
	{
		CvRect rect = cvBoundingRect(c, 0);
		rcs.push_back(rect);
	}
	sort(rcs.begin(), rcs.end(), compareRect); //compareRect是自定义的一个比较函数
	vector<CvRect>::iterator itr,itr_next;

	float aveHeight = mycvGetRectAveHeight(rcs);  
	float aveWidth = mycvGetRectAveWidth(rcs);  
	float maxWidth = mycvGetRectMaxWidth(rcs);  
	float maxHeight = mycvGetRectMaxHeight(rcs); 

	for ( itr = rcs.begin(),itr_next=itr+1; itr != rcs.end(); ) 
	{
		CvRect rc = *itr;
		if(itr_next!= rcs.end())
		{
			CvRect rcnext = *(itr_next);

			if ( (rc.x+rc.width>rcnext.x)||((rc.x<rcnext.x) && (rc.x+rc.width>rcnext.x+rcnext.width)) ) 
			{
				rc.x = min(rc.x,rcnext.x);
				rc.y = min(rc.y,rcnext.y);
				rc.width = max((rc.x+rc.width),(rcnext.x+rcnext.width))-rc.x;
				rc.height = max((rc.y+rc.height),(rcnext.y+rcnext.height))-rc.y;

				*itr = rc; 
				itr_next++;
			}
			else
			{
				comrcs.push_back(rc);
				itr = itr_next++;  
			}
		}
		else
		{
			itr++;
			comrcs.push_back(rc);
		}
	}
	
	for ( itr = comrcs.begin(); itr != comrcs.end(); itr++ ) 
	{
		CvRect rc = *itr;
		cvDrawRect(image, cvPoint(rc.x, rc.y), cvPoint(rc.x + rc.width, rc.y + rc.height), CV_RGB(255, 255, 255));

		cvNamedWindow("字符分割", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
		cvShowImage("字符分割", image);

		IplImage* imgNo = cvCreateImage(cvSize(rc.width , rc.height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
		cvSetImageROI(image, rc);
		cvCopyImage(image, imgNo);
		cvResetImageROI(image);
		cvResetImageROI(imgNo);

		IplImage* dst = cvCreateImage(cvSize(rc.width , rc.height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
		cvResize(imgNo, dst);
		characters.push_back(dst);
	}

	return characters;
}