Android UI之最优ListView写法

1、ListView的一个经典实现动态增加、删除行的例子实现。

2、Listview优化策略?

1)convetView进行判空,为空时加载布局,不为空时直接重新使用 convertView,减少了布局的加载。(效率提高200%) 
2)定义ViewHolder,传入ViewHolder对象给convetView设置tag,用于缓存控件。(效率再提高50%)
3)当ListView加载数据量较大时可采用分页加载和图片异步加载方法。

3、代码示例

0.data.java

package com.guan.http.model;

public class Data {

    private int id;
    private ImageView image;
    private int num;

    public Data() {
        super();
    }

    public Student(int id, ImageView image, int num) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.image = image;
        this.num = num;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getImage() {
        return image;
    }

    public void setName(String image) {
        this.image = image;
    }

    public int getNum() {
        return num;
    }

    public void setNum(int num) {
        this.num = num;
    }

}

①activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <LinearLayout  android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="horizontal">

        <Button  android:id="@+id/btn_add" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="增加" />

        <Button  android:id="@+id/btn_remove" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="减少" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <ListView  android:id="@+id/lv_show" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></ListView>
</LinearLayout>

②adater_line.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <ImageView  android:id="@+id/imageView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:layout_alignParentTop="true" android:layout_marginLeft="42dp" android:layout_marginTop="20dp" android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher" />

    <TextView  android:id="@+id/textView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentTop="true" android:layout_marginTop="40dp" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:text="TextView" />

</RelativeLayout>

③ShowAdapter

package com.example.guan.adapter;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.example.guan.listview.R;

import java.util.List;

import butterknife.ButterKnife;
import butterknife.InjectView;

/** * @author Guan * @file com.example.guan.adapter * @date 2015/8/14 * @Version 1.0 */
public class ShowAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

    private Context mContext;
    private List mList;

    public ShowAdapter(Context context, List list) {
        this.mContext = context;
        this.mList = list;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
           if (mList != null && mList.size() > 0) {
                return mList.size();
            } else {
                return 0;
            }
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
            if (mList != null && mList.size() > 0) {
                return mList.get(position);
            } else {
                return null;
            }
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

        // 2、使用了ViewHolder作为子布局的缓存,使用View的setTag方法将缓存与每个item绑定,
        // 则也可以省去了findViewById的事件
        ViewHolder holder;

        if (convertView != null) {
            // 3、获取ViewHolder
            holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
        } else {
            convertView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.adater_line, null);
            holder = new ViewHolder(convertView);
            convertView.setTag(holder);
        }

        // 获取数据对象
        Data data = (Data) getItem(position);
        // 4、绑定数据到holder. 
        holder.textView.setText(data.getNum() + "");        
        //holder.textView.setText(mList.get(position).toString());

        return convertView;
    }


    /** * 1、将ViewHolder设置为static的目的是指在初始化Adapter时初始化一次这个内部类, * 否则将会在每次创建Adapter时都要初始化一次,而这是没有必要的。 */
    static class ViewHolder {
        @InjectView(R.id.imageView)
        ImageView imageView;
        @InjectView(R.id.textView)
        TextView textView;

        ViewHolder(View view) {
            ButterKnife.inject(this, view);
        }
    }
}

④MainActivity

package com.example.guan.listview;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.example.guan.adapter.ShowAdapter;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import butterknife.ButterKnife;
import butterknife.InjectView;
import butterknife.OnClick;

/** * @author Guan * @file com.example.guan.listviews * @date 2015/8/14 * @Version 1.0 */
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @InjectView(R.id.btn_add)
    Button btnAdd;
    @InjectView(R.id.btn_remove)
    Button btnRemove;
    @InjectView(R.id.lv_show)
    ListView lvShow;

    private List list;
    private ShowAdapter showAdapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ButterKnife.inject(this);

        // 初始化
        Init();
    }

    /** * 初始化 */
    private void Init() {
        list = new ArrayList();
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            list.add("123");
        }
        showAdapter = new ShowAdapter(this, list);
        lvShow.setAdapter(showAdapter);
    }

    /** * 监听实现 * @param view */
    @OnClick({R.id.btn_add, R.id.btn_remove})
    public void pickDoor(View view) {
        if (view == btnAdd) {
            list.add("123");
            showAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
        } else {
            list.remove(0);
            showAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
        }
    }
}

⑤图片资源

这里写图片描述

4、效果图

Android UI之最优ListView写法_第1张图片

5、知识补充

1)adapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
①实现对listView列表的刷新;
②新建一个集合时,adapter调用此方法时强制传到getView执行。

2)布局
android:divider 边框线条 = “#FFFFFF”/ “@drawable/list”
android:dividerHeight 边框线条

3)去除分割线
①设置android:divider=”@null”
②android:divider=”#00000000” #00000000后面两个零表示透明
③.setDividerHeight(0) 高度设为0

4)去除滚动棒
android:scrollbars=”none”

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