MySQL存储过程 IN,OUT,INOUT

MySQL存储过程中有IN,OUT,INOUT类型 
----------------------------------- 
## IN   IN参数只用来向过程传递信息,为默认值。 
## MySQL存储过程"in"参数:跟C语言的函数参数的值传递类似,MySQL存储过程内部可能会修改此参数, 

## 但in类型参数的修改对调用者(caller)来说是不可见的(not visible) 

mysql>use test; 
mysql> drop procedure if exists pr_param_in; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec) 
mysql> delimiter // 
mysql> create procedure pr_param_in(in id int) 
    -> begin
    -> if (id is not null) then
    ->     set id=id+1; 
    -> end if; 
    -> select id as id_inner; 
    -> end; 
    -> // 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) 
mysql> delimiter ; 
mysql> set @id=10; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
mysql> call pr_param_in(@id); 
+----------+ 
| id_inner | 
+----------+ 
|       11 | 
+----------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
mysql> select @id as id_out; 
+--------+ 
| id_out | 
+--------+ 
|     10 | 
+--------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

##  可以看到用户变量@id传入值为10,执行存储过程后,在过程内部值为:11(id_inner), 

##  但外部变量值依旧为:10(id_out) 
================================================================================== 
## OUT   OUT参数只用来从过程传回信息。 
## MySQL存储过程"out"参数:从存储过程内部传值给调用者。 
## 在存储过程内部,该参数初始值为 null,无论调用者是否给存储过程参数设置值。

mysql> drop procedure if exists pr_param_out; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec) 
mysql> delimiter // 
mysql> create procedure pr_param_out(out id int) 
    -> begin
    -> select id as id_inner_1; 
    -> if (id is not null) then
    ->     set id=id+1; 
    ->     select id as id_inner_2; 
    -> else
    ->     select 1 into id; 
    -> end if; 
    -> select id as id_inner_3; 
    -> end; 
    -> // 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 
mysql> delimiter ; 
mysql> set @id=10; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
mysql> call pr_param_out(@id); 
+------------+ 
| id_inner_1 | 
+------------+ 
|       NULL | 
+------------+ 
1 row in set (0.01 sec) 
+------------+ 
| id_inner_3 | 
+------------+ 
|          1 | 
+------------+ 
1 row in set (0.01 sec) 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 
mysql> select @id as id_out; 
+--------+ 
| id_out | 
+--------+ 
|      1 | 
+--------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

## 可以看出,虽然我们设置了用户定义变量@id为10,传递@id给存储过程后,在存储过程内部, 

## id的初始值总是 null(id_inner_1)。最后id值(id_out=1)传回给调用者。 
=================================================================================== 
## INOUT INOUT参数可以向过程传递信息,如果值改变,则可再从过程外调用。 
## MySQL存储过程"inout"参数跟out类似,都可以从存储过程内部传值给调用者。 
## 不同的是:调用者还可以通过inout参数传递至给存储过程。 

mysql> drop procedure if exists pr_param_inout; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec) 
mysql> delimiter // 
mysql> create procedure pr_param_inout(inout id int) 
    -> begin
    -> select id as id_inner_1; 
    -> if (id is not null) then
    ->     set id=id+1; 
    ->     select id as id_inner_2; 
    -> else
    ->     select 1 into id; 
    -> end if; 
    -> select id as id_inner_3; 
    -> end; 
    -> // 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 
mysql> delimiter ; 
mysql> set @id=10; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
mysql> call pr_param_inout(@id); 
+------------+ 
| id_inner_1 | 
+------------+ 
|         10 | 
+------------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 
+------------+ 
| id_inner_2 | 
+------------+ 
|         11 | 
+------------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 
+------------+ 
| id_inner_3 | 
+------------+ 
|         11 | 
+------------+ 
1 row in set (0.01 sec) 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 
mysql> select @id as id_out; 
+--------+ 
| id_out | 
+--------+ 
|     11 | 
+--------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


## 从结果可以看出:我们把 @id(10)传给存储过程后,存储过程最后又把计算结果值11(id_inner_3) 

## 传回给调用者。MySQL存储过程inout参数的行为跟C语言函数中的引用传值类似。 
========================================================================================= 
通过以上例子: 
1)  如果仅仅想把数据传给MySQL存储过程,那就用in类型参数; 
2)  如果仅仅从MySQL存储过程返回值,那就用out类型参数; 
3)  如果需要把数据传给MySQL存储过程经过计算再传回给我们,那就用inout类型参数。

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