Oracle Linux 6.1 平台安装 Database 11gR2 步骤 说明

一.安装Oracle Linux 6.1系统

我这里使用VBox 来安装,具体使用参考:

OracleVirtual Box 安装使用 说明

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6826389

在安装OS 时安装如下包:

Base System > Base

Base System > Client management tools

Base System > Compatibility libraries

Base System > Hardware monitoring utilities

Base System > Large Systems Performance

Base System > Network file system client

Base System > Performance Tools

Base System > Perl Support

Servers > Server Platform

Servers > System administration tools

Desktops > Desktop

Desktops > Desktop Platform

Desktops > Fonts

Desktops > General Purpose Desktop

Desktops > Graphical Administration Tools

Desktops > Input Methods

Desktops > X Window System

Development > Additional Development

Development > Development Tools

Applications >Internet Browser

二.安装Oracle 11gR2

之前也整理了几篇Oracle安装的文章,参考:

linux平台oracle 数据库 安装文档

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/4718218

64位 linux平台下Oracle安装文档

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6062816

这里我们看一下在OracleLinux 下Oracle 的安装。

2.1 安装软件下载

Oracle从11g开始安装介质就可以独立进行安装,从OTN上我们只能下载到11.2.0.1版本,从MOS上,我们可以下载到11.2.0.3版本。 我这里使用MOS上的11.2.0.3版本进行测试。

OTN上的下载地址:

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

2.2 解压缩Patchset

Oracle 11g的Patchset 分几个文件,每个文件的作用都不同。

第一, 二个包表示database , 如果升级数据库,只需要这2个文件即可。

第三个包表示grid,用来升级RAC 的CRS。如果升级RAC 要先用这个文件。

第四个表示客户端,

第五个表示gateways,

第六个表示examples, 这个是我们的示例文件安装包。

第七个表示deinstall.

更多内容参考:

Oracle 11gR2Patchset 不同文件作用 说明

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6818770

#11.2.0.3

unzipp10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

unzipp10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

2.3 修改hosts 文件

The "/etc/hosts" file mustcontain a fully qualified name for the server.

<IP-address> <fully-qualified-machine-name> <machine-name>

For example.

127.0.0.1 localhost

192.168.3.201 dave

2.4 修改配置参数

2.4.1 使用preinstall自动设置

之前单独整理了一篇Blog来说明preinstall 包,参考:

Oracle Linux6 下Oracle RDBMS Server 11gR2 Preinstall RPM 包说明

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/7456878

该包会自动完成大部分的配置工作,从而提高我们部署的效率。

[root@dave Desktop]# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Packageoracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-3.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: gcc-c++ forpackage: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-3.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency:libstdc++-devel for package:oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-3.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libaio-develfor package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-3.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: ksh forpackage: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-3.el6.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package gcc-c++.x86_640:4.4.6-3.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++ =4.4.6-3.el6 for package: gcc-c++-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64

---> Package ksh.x86_640:20100621-12.el6_2.1 will be installed

---> Package libaio-devel.x86_640:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed

---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86_640:4.4.6-3.el6 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package libstdc++.x86_640:4.4.5-6.el6 will be updated

---> Package libstdc++.x86_640:4.4.6-3.el6 will be an update

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================

Installing:

oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

x86_641.0-3.el6 ol6_latest 15 k

Installing for dependencies:

gcc-c++ x86_64 4.4.6-3.el6 ol6_latest 4.7 M

ksh x86_6420100621-12.el6_2.1 ol6_latest 683 k

libaio-devel x86_640.3.107-10.el6 ol6_latest 13 k

libstdc++-devel x86_64 4.4.6-3.el6 ol6_latest 1.5 M

Updating for dependencies:

libstdc++ x86_644.4.6-3.el6 ol6_latest 290 k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Install 5 Package(s)

Upgrade 1 Package(s)

Total size: 7.2 M

Total download size: 4.7 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

gcc-c++-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm | 4.7 MB 00:01

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Updating :libstdc++-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64 1/7

Installing : libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64 2/7

Installing : gcc-c++-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64 3/7

Installing : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 4/7

Installing : ksh-20100621-12.el6_2.1.x86_64 5/7

Installing : oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-3.el6.x86_64 6/7

Cleanup :libstdc++-4.4.5-6.el6.x86_64 7/7

Installed:

oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-3.el6

Dependency Installed:

gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.6-3.el6ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-12.el6_2.1

libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.6-3.el6

Dependency Updated:

libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.4.6-3.el6

Complete!

[root@dave Desktop]#

2.4.2 手工设置

如果不使用rpm 包自动配置,就需要手工的做配置,具体的配置工作如下:

(1) 修改/etc/sysctl.conf文件

Oracle 需求的最小配置如下:

fs.suid_dumpable = 1

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

可以使用如下命令来查看某个参数值:

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep <param-name>

在/etc/sysctl.conf文件里在添加或者修改如下内容:

fs.suid_dumpable = 1

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm,semmni

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default=4194304

net.core.rmem_max=4194304

net.core.wmem_default=262144

net.core.wmem_max=1048586

修改完成之后执行如下命令使修改生效:

/sbin/sysctl –p

2)在/etc/security/limits.conf 文件里添加如下内容

oracle soft nproc2047

oracle hard nproc16384

oracle soft nofile4096

oracle hard nofile65536

oracle soft stack10240

3)安装相关的RPM

# From Oracle Linux 6 DVD

cd /media/cdrom/Server/Packages

rpm -Uvh binutils-2*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh glibc-2*x86_64*nss-softokn-freebl-3*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh glibc-2*i686*nss-softokn-freebl-3*i686*

rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*i686*

rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-0*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel-0*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh gcc-4*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh ksh-*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh libaio-0*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh libaio-0*i686*

rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*i686*

rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*i686*

rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*i686*

rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh make-3.81*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-2*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh sysstat-9*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*i686*

rpm -Uvh compat-libcap*

cd /

eject

4)创建groups users

groupadd -g 501 oinstall

groupadd -g 502 dba

groupadd -g 503 oper

groupadd -g 504 asmadmin

groupadd -g 506 asmdba

groupadd -g 505 asmoper

useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -Gdba,asmdba,oper oracle

passwd oracle

2.5 其他设置

2.5.1 禁用SELINUX

在/etc/selinux/config里设置:SELINUX=disabled

修改这个参数需要重启系统才能生效。

2.5.2 创建目录并赋权

mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

chmod -R 775 /u01

2.5.3 切换到oracle用户,并修改.bash_profile 文件

[oracle@dave ~]$ vi ~/.bash_profile

在.bash_profile文件里添加如下内容:

# Oracle Settings

TMP=/tmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=dave; exportORACLE_HOSTNAME

ORACLE_UNQNAME=dave; export ORACLE_UNQNAME

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; exportORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1;export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=dave; export ORACLE_SID

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;export CLASSPATH

2.6 安装软件

这里可以使用NoMachine,VNC 等工具。

远程桌面工具-- NoMachine

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6003610

我这里直接在系统里来:

(1) 用root 用户执行:

Xhost +

(2) 用Oracle 执行:

DISPLAY=<machine-name>:0.0; exportDISPLAY

(3) 开始安装

./runInstaller

2.7 修改自启动参数

修改/etc/oratab 文件,将最后标记改成Y

Edit the "/etc/oratab" filesetting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.

dave:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

关于Oracle实例开机自启动的更多内容参考:

Linux 下Oracle开机自启动 与 oratab, dbstart 脚本 说明

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/7220657

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