Android系统及当前应用配置操作信息相关的常用API

Android系统及当前应用配置操作信息相关的常用API

实际项目开发中,很多情况都要得到当前关于手机系统的一些信息及相关配置,比如监测手机屏幕方向,前后摄像头是否可用,是否开启导航功能

 

关于系统信息及当前应用程序配置的主要几个类

1android.content.Context

2android.content.res.Configuration

3android.content.pm.ActivityInfo

4android.app.Activity

5android.os.Environment

6android.content.res.Resources

7android.content.res.AssetManager

8android.content.pm.PackageManager

   ......

上述类的作用及关系图:

 Android系统及当前应用配置操作信息相关的常用API_第1张图片

package com.yihui.commonapi;

import java.io.IOException;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.content.res.AssetManager;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
import android.util.Log;

public class TestSystemInfoAPI extends AndroidTestCase {
	
	private static final String TAG = "TestSystemInfoAPI";
	
	public void testGetSystemInfo() throws IOException, NameNotFoundException{
		
		Context context = getContext();
		
		/* 当前app应用包、数据存储路径等信息  */
		Log.i(TAG, "当前APP包名: " + context.getPackageName());
		Log.i(TAG, "当前APP对应的APK所在路径: " + context.getPackageCodePath()); //等同getPackageResourcePath()
		Log.i(TAG, "当前APP的FilesDir目录: " + context.getFilesDir().getAbsolutePath());
		Log.i(TAG, "当前APP的CacheDir目录: " + context.getCacheDir().getAbsolutePath());
		
		Log.i(TAG, "当前APP的SDCard目录: " + Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath());
		Log.i(TAG, "当前APP的RootDirectory目录: " + Environment.getRootDirectory().getAbsolutePath());
		Log.i(TAG, "当前APP的DataDirectory目录: " + Environment.getDataDirectory().getAbsolutePath());
		Log.i(TAG, "当前APP的DownloadCacheDirectory目录: " + Environment.getDownloadCacheDirectory().getAbsolutePath());
		
		/* 当前应用APK管理信息,得到AndroidManifest.xml里面的配置及各个组件信息 */
		PackageManager appPackageManager = context.getPackageManager();
		PackageInfo appPackageInfo = appPackageManager.getPackageInfo(context.getPackageName(), 0);
		Log.i(TAG, "当前APP应用的版本信息: " + appPackageInfo.versionCode);
		
		/* res资源    */
		Resources appResources = context.getResources();
		//得到手机屏幕的密度值
		Log.i(TAG, "当前手机屏幕密度值: " + appResources.getDisplayMetrics().density);
		//通过res下面的资源对应的id得到对应的资源文件,类似的还可以得到color、Animation、Dimension、Values
		Drawable resDrawble =  appResources.getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
		//得到手机configuration一些配置信息
		Configuration appConfiguration = appResources.getConfiguration();
		Log.i(TAG, "当前手机屏幕方向:" + (appConfiguration.orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT ? "竖屏" : "横屏"));
		
		/* assets资源:读取assets/music目录下面的文件列表   */
		AssetManager appAssets = context.getAssets();
		String[] assetsFiles  = appAssets.list("music");
		for(int i = 0 ; i < assetsFiles.length ; i++){
			Log.i(TAG, "assetsFiles" + i + ": "+ assetsFiles[i]);
		}
	}
}


demo:得到系统的configuration信息,横竖屏幕的切换

            布局文件:activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

	<Button 
	    android:id="@+id/btnSystemConfig"
	    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    	android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    	android:text="获取系统配置信息"/>

	<TextView 
	    android:id="@+id/tvInfor"
	    android:layout_width="match_parent"
	    android:layout_height="0dip"
	    android:layout_weight="1"
	    android:background="#6666ffff"/>    

</LinearLayout>

            示例代码:MainActivity.java

package com.yihui.commonapi;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {

	private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
	private TextView tvInfor;
	
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        tvInfor = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvInfor);
        findViewById(R.id.btnSystemConfig).setOnClickListener(this);
    }

	@Override
	public void onClick(View v) {
		StringBuffer sbSystemInfo = new StringBuffer();
		
		Configuration cfg = getResources().getConfiguration();
		sbSystemInfo.append("手机系统键盘是否可用: " + cfg.keyboardHidden + "\n")
			.append("系统键盘类型: " + cfg.keyboard + "\n")
			.append("用户当前Local: " + cfg.locale + "\n")
			.append("手机信号国家码: " + cfg.mcc + "\n")
			.append("手机信号网络码: " + cfg.mnc + "\n")
			.append("手机触摸屏方式: " + cfg.touchscreen +  "\n")
			.append("手机屏幕方向: " + cfg.orientation + "\n")
			.append("手机是否开启导航: " + cfg.navigation + "\n");
		
		Log.i(TAG, sbSystemInfo.toString());
		tvInfor.setText(sbSystemInfo);
		
		/* 手机横竖屏切换 */
		if(cfg.orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT){	//如果当前是竖屏,就切换成横屏
			setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE);
		}else{
			setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT);	//否则切换成横屏
		}
	}
}

            因为横竖屏幕切换及屏幕尺寸改变,默认情况下会影响Activity的生命周期

          所以为了使屏幕切换&屏幕大小改变不影响Activity的生命周期,需要在AndroidManifest.xml清单文件中配置一下activity的android:configChanges属性

        <!-- 为activity配置android:configChanges属性,表示该配置不影响该activity的生命周期 -->
        <activity
            android:name="com.yihui.commonapi.MainActivity"
            android:configChanges="orientation|screenSize"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

 运行效果:

Android系统及当前应用配置操作信息相关的常用API_第2张图片


http://blog.csdn.net/yihuiworld


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