puppet学习与精通之Service资源详细介绍及案例分析

一、系统环境

1 、puppet服务端
Release：RHEL6. 4
HOSTNAME: puppetserver.rsyslog.org
TCP/IP:  172.16 . 200.100 / 24
Packages：
puppet-server- 2.7 . 21 - 1 .el6.noarch
mcollective-client- 2.2 . 4
activemq- 5.5 . 0
2 、puppet节点
Release: RHEL5. 8
HOSTNAME: agent1.rsyslog.org
TCP/IP:  172.16 . 200.101 / 24
Packages:
puppet- 2.7 . 21 - 1 .el5
mcollective- 2.2 . 4 - 1 .el5
3 、puppet节点
Release: RHEL6. 4
HOSTNAME: agent3.rsyslog.org
TCP/IP:  172.16 . 200.103 / 24
Packages:
puppet- 2.7 . 21 - 1 .el6
mcollective- 2.2 . 4 - 1 .el6

二、资源介绍
1、实现功能
1.1 服务处于运行状态
1.2 服务能够在配置文件更改的情况下自动重启
2、支持参数
ensure => running|stopped 指定服务的目标状态

enable => true|false 指定服务是否开机自启动，并非对所有均有效

name => "service name",该资源的namevar, 服务的名字,通常就是在/etc/init.d/目录下的名字，默认与title相同

hasstatus => true|false, 指出管理脚本是否支持status参数,puppet用status参数来判断服务是否已经在运行了,如果不支持status参数,puppet利用查找运行进程列表里面是否有服务名来判断服务是否在运行. 

hasrestart => true|false, 指出管理脚本是否支持restart参数,如果不支持,就用stop和start实现restart效果.

path => "/etc/rc.d/init.d", 启动脚本的搜索路径,可以用冒号分割多个路径,或者用数组指定

provider => base|daemontools|init,   默认为init

三、资源示例

1、示例一
1.1 实现功能
*要求系统启动后，sshd服务自动启动
*要求通过系统进程方式查看sshd服务运行状态
*要求服务关闭后能够自动重启
*要求配置文件被更改后服务能够执行restart动作
1.2 配置说明

class  ssh::service{
        service { $ssh::params::ssh_service_name:
                ensure => running,
                hasstatus =>  false ,
                hasrestart =>  true ,
                enable =>  true ,
                subscribe => Class[ "ssh::config" ],
        }
}
或
class  ssh::service{
        service { $ssh::params::ssh_service_name:
                ensure => stopped,
                hasstatus =>  false ,
                hasrestart =>  true ,
                enable =>  true ,
                subscribe => Class[ "ssh::config" ],
        }
}

1.3 客户端agent3测试

[root@agent3 ~]# puppet agent --test
info: Retrieving plugin
info: Loading facts  in  / var /lib/puppet/lib/facter/backup_date.rb
info: Loading facts  in  / var /lib/puppet/lib/facter/my_apply1.rb
info: Loading facts  in  / var /lib/puppet/lib/facter/my_apply3.rb
info: Loading facts  in  / var /lib/puppet/lib/facter/my_apply2.rb
info: Caching catalog  for  agent3.rsyslog.org
info: Applying configuration version  '1378281102'
notice: Finished catalog run  in  0.38  seconds
[root@agent3 ~]#
[root@agent3 ~]# puppet agent --test
info: Retrieving plugin
info: Loading facts  in  / var /lib/puppet/lib/facter/backup_date.rb
info: Loading facts  in  / var /lib/puppet/lib/facter/my_apply1.rb
info: Loading facts  in  / var /lib/puppet/lib/facter/my_apply3.rb
info: Loading facts  in  / var /lib/puppet/lib/facter/my_apply2.rb
info: Caching catalog  for  agent3.rsyslog.org
info: Applying configuration version  '1378280861'
notice: /Stage[main]/Ssh::Service/Service[sshd]/ensure: ensure changed  'running'  to  'stopped'
notice: Finished catalog run  in  0.54  seconds

测试结果：ensure => running, hasstatus => false,的情况下服务如果被关闭是起不来的，ensure => stopped, hasstatus => false,的情况下服务如果是运行的可以被关闭
建议：写SysV脚本放到/etc/init.d目录下来实现

2、示例二
2.1 实现功能
*要求服务配置文件被改动后，服务能够自动reload而不是自动restart（也可以通过exec资源实现）
2.2 配置说明

class  ssh::service{
        service { $ssh::params::ssh_service_name:
                ensure => running,
                hasstatus =>  true ,
                hasrestart =>  true ,
                enable =>  true ,
                subscribe => Class[ "ssh::config" ],
#               provider => base|daemontools|init,
                provider => init,
                path =>  "/etc/rc.d/init.d" ,
                restart =>  "/etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd reload" ,
                start =>  "/etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd start" ,
                stop =>  "/etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd stop" ,
        }
}
class  ssh::config{
        file { $ssh::params::ssh_service_config:
                ensure => present,
                owner =>  'root' ,
                group =>  'root' ,
                mode =>  0640 ,
                source =>  "puppet:///modules/ssh/etc/ssh/sshd_config" ,
#               backup =>  ".$backup_date.bak" ,
                backup =>  'main' ,
                require => Class[ "ssh::install" ],
                notify => Class[ "ssh::service" ],  #等同于 class  ssh::service中的subscribe
        }
}

2.3 客户端agent3测试
可修改agent3端/etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd进行测试

case  "$1"  in
        start)
                start
                ;;
        stop)
                stop
                ;;
        restart)
                stop
                start
                echo  "sshd restart stop-start"  >>/tmp/sshd_status
                ;;
        reload)
                reload
                echo  "sshd reload"  >>/tmp/sshd_status
                ;;

测试部分：

[root@agent3 ~]# puppet agent --test
info: Retrieving plugin
info: Loading facts  in  / var /lib/puppet/lib/facter/backup_date.rb
info: Loading facts  in  / var /lib/puppet/lib/facter/my_apply1.rb
info: Loading facts  in  / var /lib/puppet/lib/facter/my_apply3.rb
info: Loading facts  in  / var /lib/puppet/lib/facter/my_apply2.rb
info: Caching catalog  for  agent3.rsyslog.org
info: Applying configuration version  '1378279503'
notice: /File[/etc/ssh/sshd_config]/content:
--- /etc/ssh/sshd_config     2013 - 09 - 04  15 : 27 : 22.177863699  + 0800
+++ /tmp/puppet-file20130904- 19622 -yy8g9o- 0  2013 - 09 - 04  15 : 29 : 47.791863671  + 0800
@@ - 5 , 8  + 5 , 6  @@
 Protocol  2
 #AddressFamily any

-# HostKey  for  protocol version  1
-
 # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version  1  server key
 #KeyRegenerationInterval 1h
 #ServerKeyBits  768
info: FileBucket adding {md5}43f5b3f207a1b6fb35e3bd779b83c3f8
info: /File[/etc/ssh/sshd_config]: Filebucketed /etc/ssh/sshd_config to main  with  sum 43f5b3f207a1b6fb35e3bd779b83c3f8
notice: /File[/etc/ssh/sshd_config]/content: content changed  '{md5}43f5b3f207a1b6fb35e3bd779b83c3f8'  to  '{md5}df197ccd4957217616b62a82b890ed98'
info: /File[/etc/ssh/sshd_config]: Scheduling refresh of Class[Ssh::Service]
info: Class[Ssh::Config]: Scheduling refresh of Service[sshd]
info: Class[Ssh::Service]: Scheduling refresh of Service[sshd]
notice: /Service[sshd]: Triggered  'refresh'  from  2  events
notice: Finished catalog run  in  0.97  seconds
[root@agent3 ~]# cat /tmp/sshd_status
sshd reload   #可以看到服务是reload而不是restart
[root@agent3 ~]#