Leetcode 3sum高效解法

// Author : yqtao
// Date : 2016.6.17
// Email : [email protected]
/************************************************************************************** *Given an array S of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in S such that a + b + c = 0? * Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero. * * Note: * * Elements in a triplet (a,b,c) must be in non-descending order. (ie, a ≤ b ≤ c) * The solution set must not contain duplicate triplets. * * For example, given array S = {-1 0 1 2 -1 -4}, * * A solution set is: * (-1, 0, 1) * (-1, -1, 2) **********************************************************************************************/
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
vector<vector<int>> threeSum(vector<int>&num)
{
    vector<vector<int>> result;//返回二维数组
    sort(num.begin(), num.end());//首先进行排序
    int n = num.size();
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 2; i++)// 因为三个数，所以第一个数最大只能为len-3
    {
        //去掉重复值,这里一定要注意，i如果与前一个i所在值相同，则
        //不必计算了，直接另i++
        //不能写成num[i]==num[i+1]
        if (i > 0 && num[i-1] == num[i])
            continue;
        int a = num[i];
        int low = i + 1;
        int high = n - 1;
        while (low < high)
        {
            int b = num[low];
            int c = num[high];
            if (a+b+c==0)//满足条件，将其加入数组中
            {
                vector<int>v;
                v.push_back(a);
                v.push_back(b);
                v.push_back(c);
                result.push_back(v);
                //继续寻找下一个满足条件的值，去重值
                while (low < high&&num[low] == num[low + 1]) low++;
                low++;
                while (high > low&&num[high] == num[high - 1]) high--;
                high--;
            }
            else if (a + b + c>0)
            {
                while (high > low&&num[high] == num[high - 1])
                    high--;
                high--;
            }
            else
            {
                while (low < high&&num[low] == num[low + 1]) 
                    low++;
                low++;
            }

        }
    }
    return result;
}
//打印二维数组
void printMatrix(vector<vector<int>> &matrix)
{
    //基于范围for循环，等效于下面的for
    for (auto c : matrix)
    {
        cout << "[";
        for (auto r : c)
            cout << r << " ";
        cout <<"]"<< endl;
    }
    /*for (int i = 0; i < matrix.size(); i++) { cout << "["; for (int j = 0; j < matrix[i].size(); j++) cout << matrix[i][j] << " "; cout << "]" << endl; }*/
}
int main()
{
    vector<int>num = { -1, 0, 1, 2, - 1, - 4 };
    //vector<int >num= {-1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0};
    vector<vector<int>>result = threeSum(num);
    printMatrix(result);
    return 0;
}