Windows客户端开发--获取系统mac地址(使用NetBIOS)

今天介绍一个通过NetBIOS获取本机的mac地址。

什么是NetBOIS
NETBIOS协议是由IBM公司开发，主要用于数十台计算机的小型局域网。该协议是一种在局域网上的程序可以使用的应用程序编程接口（API），为程序提供了请求低级服务的统一的命令集，作用是为了给局域网提供网络以及其他特殊功能。系统可以利用WINS服务、广播及Lmhost文件等多种模式将NetBIOS名-——特指基于NETBIOS协议获得计算机名称——解析为相应IP地址，实现信息通讯，所以在局域网内部使用NetBIOS协议可以方便地实现消息通信及资源的共享。因为它占用系统资源少、传输效率高，所以几乎所有的局域网都是在NetBIOS协议的基础上工作的。NetBIOS是Network Basic Input/Output System的简称，一般指用于局域网通信的一套API

NetBIOS is an acronym for Network Basic Input/Output System. It provides services related to the session layer of the OSI model allowing applications on separate computers to communicate over a local area network. As strictly an API, NetBIOS is not a networking protocol. Older operating systems[clarification needed] ran NetBIOS over IEEE 802.2 and IPX/SPX using the NetBIOS Frames (NBF) and NetBIOS over IPX/SPX (NBX) protocols, respectively. In modern networks, NetBIOS normally runs over TCP/IP via the NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NBT) protocol. This results in each computer in the network having both an IP address and a NetBIOS name corresponding to a (possibly different) host name.

NCB结构体
功能：
The NCB structure represents a network control block. It contains information about the command to perform, an optional post routine, an optional event handle, and a pointer to a buffer that is used for messages or other data. A pointer to this structure is passed to the Netbios function.
原型：
“`cpp
typedef struct _NCB {
UCHAR ncb_command;
UCHAR ncb_retcode;
UCHAR ncb_lsn;
UCHAR ncb_num;
PUCHAR ncb_buffer;
WORD ncb_length;
UCHAR ncb_callname[NCBNAMSZ];
UCHAR ncb_name[NCBNAMSZ];
UCHAR ncb_rto;
UCHAR ncb_sto;
void (CALLBACK *ncb_post)( struct *NCB);
UCHAR ncb_lana_num;
UCHAR ncb_cmd_cplt;
UCHAR ncb_reserve[X];
HANDLE ncb_event;
} NCB, *PNCB;

 **LANA_ENUM结构体**
 功能：
 The LANA_ENUM structure contains the numbers for the current LAN adapters.

原型：
```cpp
typedef struct _LANA_ENUM {
  UCHAR length;
  UCHAR lana[MAX_LANA];
} LANA_ENUM, *PLANA_ENUM;




<div class="se-preview-section-delimiter"></div>

* Netbios函数*
功能：
The Netbios function interprets and executes the specified network control block (NCB).
原型：
“`cpp
UCHAR Netbios(
PNCB pcnb
);

** 注意：** Netbios is not supported on Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, and subsequent versions of the operating system **别忘了引入lib:** <div class="se-preview-section-delimiter"></div> ```cpp #pragma comment(lib, "netapi32.lib")

最后上代码：

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <strstream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib, "netapi32.lib")

bool GetMacAddressByNetBIOS(int nAdapterNum, string & sMAC)
{
  // Reset the LAN adapter so that we can begin querying it 
  NCB Ncb;
  memset(&Ncb, 0, sizeof(Ncb));
  Ncb.ncb_command = NCBRESET;
  Ncb.ncb_lana_num = nAdapterNum;
  if (Netbios(&Ncb) != NRC_GOODRET) {
    char acTemp[80];
    ostrstream outs(acTemp, sizeof(acTemp));
    outs << "error " << Ncb.ncb_retcode << " on reset" << ends;
    sMAC = acTemp;
    return false;
  }

  // Prepare to get the adapter status block 
  memset(&Ncb, 0, sizeof(Ncb));
  Ncb.ncb_command = NCBASTAT;
  Ncb.ncb_lana_num = nAdapterNum;
  strcpy((char *)Ncb.ncb_callname, "*");
  struct ASTAT {
    ADAPTER_STATUS adapt;
    NAME_BUFFER NameBuff[30];
  } Adapter;
  memset(&Adapter, 0, sizeof(Adapter));
  Ncb.ncb_buffer = (unsigned char *)&Adapter;
  Ncb.ncb_length = sizeof(Adapter);

  // Get the adapter's info and, if this works, return it in standard,
  // colon-delimited form.
  if (Netbios(&Ncb) == 0) {
    char acMAC[18];
    sprintf(acMAC, "%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X",
      int(Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[0]),
      int(Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[1]),
      int(Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[2]),
      int(Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[3]),
      int(Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[4]),
      int(Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[5]));
    sMAC = acMAC;
    return true;
  }
  else {
    char acTemp[80];
    ostrstream outs(acTemp, sizeof(acTemp));
    outs << "error " << Ncb.ncb_retcode << " on ASTAT" << ends;
    sMAC = acTemp;
    return false;
  }
}

int main()
{
  // Get adapter list
  LANA_ENUM AdapterList;
  NCB Ncb;
  memset(&Ncb, 0, sizeof(NCB));
  Ncb.ncb_command = NCBENUM;
  Ncb.ncb_buffer = (unsigned char *)&AdapterList;
  Ncb.ncb_length = sizeof(AdapterList);
  Netbios(&Ncb);

  // Get all of the local ethernet addresses
  string sMAC;
  for (int i = 0; i < AdapterList.length; ++i) {
    if (GetMacAddressByNetBIOS(AdapterList.lana[i], sMAC)) {
      cout << "Adapter " << int(AdapterList.lana[i]) <<
        "'s MAC is " << sMAC << endl;
    }
    else {
      cerr << "Failed to get MAC address! Do you" << endl;
      cerr << "have the NetBIOS protocol installed?" << endl;
      break;
    }
  }

  return 0;
}

缺点：
1 必须安装了NetBIOS
2 必须进行额外的工作筛选想要的mac地址