标准库算法学习

accumulate	sum up a range of elements 计算一个范围中的值之和。
adjacent_difference	compute the differences between adjacent elements in a range 计算相邻的元素之间的差分。
adjacent_find	finds two identical (or some other relationship) items adjacent to each other 找到有某种关系的相邻元素。
binary_search	determine if an element exists in a certain range 在一个范围中查找某元素
copy	copy some range of elements to a new location 把一个范围中的元素复制到一个新的位置。
copy_backward	copy a range of elements in backwards order
count	return the number of elements matching a given value
count_if	return the number of elements for which a predicate is true
equal	determine if two sets of elements are the same
equal_range	search for a range of elements that are all equal to a certain element
fill	assign a range of elements a certain value
fill_n	assign a value to some number of elements
find	find a value in a given range
find_end	find the last sequence of elements in a certain range
find_first_of	search for any one of a set of elements
find_if	find the first element for which a certain predicate is true
for_each	apply a function to a range of elements
generate	saves the result of a function in a range
generate_n	saves the result of N applications of a function
includes	returns true if one set is a subset of another
inner_product	compute the inner product of two ranges of elements
inplace_merge	merge two ordered ranges in-place
is_heap	returns true if a given range is a heap
iter_swap	swaps the elements pointed to by two iterators
lexicographical_compare	returns true if one range is lexicographically less than another
lower_bound	search for the first place that a value can be inserted while preserving order
make_heap	creates a heap out of a range of elements
max	returns the larger of two elements
max_element	returns the largest element in a range
merge	merge two sorted ranges
min	returns the smaller of two elements
min_element	returns the smallest element in a range
mismatch	finds the first position where two ranges differ
next_permutation	generates the next greater lexicographic permutation of a range of elements
nth_element	put one element in its sorted location and make sure that no elements to its left are greater than any elements to its right
partial_sort	sort the first N elements of a range
partial_sort_copy	copy and partially sort a range of elements
partial_sum	compute the partial sum of a range of elements
partition	divide a range of elements into two groups
pop_heap	remove the largest element from a heap
prev_permutation	generates the next smaller lexicographic permutation of a range of elements
push_heap	add an element to a heap
random_shuffle	randomly re-order elements in some range
remove	remove elements equal to certain value
remove_copy	copy a range of elements omitting those that match a certain value
remove_copy_if	create a copy of a range of elements, omitting any for which a predicate is true
remove_if	remove all elements for which a predicate is true
replace	replace every occurrence of some value in a range with another value
replace_copy	copy a range, replacing certain elements with new ones
replace_copy_if	copy a range of elements, replacing those for which a predicate is true
replace_if	change the values of elements for which a predicate is true
reverse	reverse elements in some range
reverse_copy	create a copy of a range that is reversed
rotate	move the elements in some range to the left by some amount
rotate_copy	copy and rotate a range of elements
search	search for a range of elements
search_n	search for N consecutive copies of an element in some range
set_difference	computes the difference between two sets
set_intersection	computes the intersection of two sets
set_symmetric_difference	computes the symmetric difference between two sets
set_union	computes the union of two sets
sort	sort a range into ascending order
sort_heap	turns a heap into a sorted range of elements
stable_partition	divide elements into two groups while preserving their relative order
stable_sort	sort a range of elements while preserving order between equal elements
swap	swap the values of two objects
swap_ranges	swaps two ranges of elements
transform	applies a function to a range of elements
unique	remove consecutive duplicate elements in a range
unique_copy	creates a copy of some range of elements that contains no consecutive duplicates
upper_bound	searches for the last place that a value can be inserted while preserving order (first place that is greater than the value)